• Title/Summary/Keyword: Labor Market

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Labor Force Withdrawal And Entry (Surrounding First Birth of Married Women) (출산을 전후한 시기 여성의 노동시장 이탈과 진입 (미국 기혼여성의 경우))

  • 장지연
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.5-42
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    • 1997
  • This study contributes to understanding women's labor market behavior by focusing on a particular set of labor force transitions - labor force withdrawal and entry during the period surrounding the first birth of a child. In particular, this study provides a dynamic analyses, using longitudinal data and event history analysis, to conceptualize labor force behaviors in a straightforward way. The main research question addresses which factors increase or decrease the hazard rates of leaving and entering the labor market. This study used piecewise Gompertz model, following the guide of the non-parametric analysis on the hazard rates, which allowed relatively detailed description on the distribution of timing of leave and entry to the labor market as parameters of interest. The results show that preferences and structural variables, as well as economic considerations, are very important factors to explain the labor market behavior of women in the period surrounding childbirth.

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A Study on the Improvement Measures of Labor Conditions of the Contingent Worker (비정규직의 노동조건 개선 대책에 관한 연구)

  • Choi Seong-Wook;Byun Sang-Woo
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.14
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    • pp.117-132
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study is to propose empirically the improvement measures of labor conditions of the contingent worker. Since early 1980s, the labour market in Korea has given rise to a rapid growth in contingent worker. Last year, the number has shot over 7 million mark, with the ratio standing above the 50%. This study analyses the improvement measures of labor conditions of the contingent worker. This study present five major improvement measures of labor conditions of the contingent worker. First, It's establish of the relations between organizational flexibility of the labour market and the contingent worker. Second, It's needs to realize wages level of the contingent worker. Third, the contingent worker convert standard workforce step by step. Fourth, it's make no discrimination of the between contingent worker and standard workforce. Fifthly, the government place restrictions of the contingent worker rates.

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A Dynamic Analysis of the Women's Labor Market Transition: With a Focus on the Relationship between Productive and Reproductive Labor (여성의 생산노동과 재생산노동의 상호연관성이 취업에 미치는 영향에 관한 경험적 연구)

  • 이재열
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.5-44
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    • 1996
  • Wornen's lahor market participation as well as the policy concern for wider utilization of married women, have continuously grown up. However, research efforts on the determinants of women's labor market participation, in the context of the relationship hetween life courses and active entry into lahor market, has been far behind the growing interest in this field. This study has conducted an event histoiry analysis of women's labor market transition utilizing personal occupational history data collected by the Korea Institute for Women's Development in 1991. The analysis is divided into tow parts: First part introduces logit regression to analyze the determinants of women's labor market participation and exit. The second part employs Cox regression to see the variation of transition rate between employment and non-employment. The result shows that there is a wide variation in women's labor market participation according to age, cohort, and family formation. Special note is needed for the significantly negative effect of marriage and child birth on labor market participation. The transition pattern of lower class women with less education fits well to the prediction of neo-classical economics; but the tendency of highly educated women's regression to non-employment reveals the strong influence of the unfavorable labor market structure, which can be better explained by the neo-structuralist perspective. There is a strong trade-off between productive and reproductive labor of women, which can only be corrected by strong policy implementation, such as extended child care facilities, abolition of discriminatory employment practices, and expansion of flexible part-time employment.

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The Influence of Human Capital on GDP Dynamics: Modeling in the COVID-19 Conditions

  • Derii, Zhanna;Zosymenko, Tetiana;Shaposhnykov, Kostiantyn;Tochylina, Yuliia;Krylov, Denys;Papaika, Oleksandr
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.67-76
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    • 2022
  • COVID-19 struck labor markets around the world, exposing and exacerbating the gender inequalities within the human capital structure. The last, in its turn, jeopardizes the return of the national economies to the growth trajectory undermined by pandemic impact. The authors assume that COVID-19 disproportionately affected the employment rates of women and men, which led to increased gender inequality in the labor market, which, in turn, affected GDP growth rates in the EU. To prove this hypothesis two research questions are discovered: 1) whether there was a different correlation between the number of COVID-19 cases in the EU and indicators of the labor market for women and men; and 2) whether there was a link between the growth of gender inequality in the EU labor market and the GDP dynamics in these countries. The analysis of the correlation between the number of cases of COVID-19 and indicators of the labor market in the EU revealed faster growth of women's unemployment rates compared to men's ones as the COVID-19 incidence unfolded. Multiple linear regression and factor analysis have been used to investigate the influence of gender inequality in the labor market on GDP dynamics. Despite the methodological limitations, the proposed model is both a sound argument and an analytical basis in favor of gender-responsive economic recovery backed by the systematic and consistent gender equality policy of a government.

A Comparison Analysis of the Labor Efficiency between Quality-Adjusted Labor and Quality-Unadjusted Labor in Jeju Mandarin Production -Based on the Difference in Market Wages- (농업 노동의 질적 차이를 반영한 감귤 생산 노동투입 효율성 비교 분석 -시장 임금차이를 기준으로-)

  • Lee, Bong-Sil;Yu, Young-bong
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.153-165
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to analyze the difference in production elasticity based on the types of agricultural labor input regarding its qualitative difference in Jeju mandarin production. To estimate the production function of qualityadjusted labor, we have set up a Quality-Adjusted Index based on the market wage of the agricultural field. We have conducted a multiple regression analysis of the newly estimated labor inputs using the Ordinary Least Squares regression. Results show that the production efficiency of aggregate total labor hours (quality-unadjusted labor input) is overestimated compared to quality-adjusted labor with qualitative labor homogeneity. Moreover, by analyzing household labor and employment labor, we have observed that the marginal productivity of household labor exceeds that of employment labor. In conclusion, this study verifies that securing labor input homogeneity is crucial for analyzing agricultural labor hours' economic efficiency accurately.

Institutional Quality, Regulatory Environment and Microeconomic Performance: Evidence from Transition and Non-transition Developing Countries

  • Ochieng, Haggai Kennedy;Park, Bokyeong
    • East Asian Economic Review
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.273-309
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    • 2021
  • The development of regulatory systems varies between transition and non-transition economies. This suggests that they provide different incentives for entrepreneurial development and could have varied effects on the economy because they have different methods to deal with market failure. However, limited empirical evidence exists to prove the assumption of dichotomy. Using comprehensive data for institutional quality, labor market and financial market development, this research sought to analyze their effect on employment growth at micro level. The results show that the quality of institutions in transition economies are poorer relative to those in non-transition economies, but their financial and labor markets are more developed than the latter. Further analysis for the transition sample shows that the three variables are individually positively related with employment growth. For the non-transition sample, institutional quality and labor market flexibility bear a positive and significant effect on employment. Financial market development enters the model with a negative coefficient when regressed alone, but a joint test of significance finds that all the variables have a positive effect on employment growth. This result could imply that there is interdependence between institutional quality, labor flexibility and financial market development in firm-employment-growth relationship, or complementarity between regulations and the quality of institutions. Alternatively, this finding suggests that a stringently regulated credit market in non-transition economies have a selection effect-allocating credit only to entrepreneurs who already demonstrate strong growth potential. In sum, despite differences in the evolution of regulatory environment between the two samples, both of them complement employment growth at firm level. The overall implication of these findings is that less rigid regulations and coherent policies that are enforced with impartiality provide incentives for firms to expand.

Models of State Clusterisation Management, Marketing and Labour Market Management in Conditions of Globalization, Risk of Bankruptcy and Services Market Development

  • Prokopenko, Oleksii;Martyn, Olga;Bilyk, Olha;Vivcharuk, Olga;Zos-Kior, Mykola;Hnatenko, Iryna
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.21 no.12
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    • pp.228-234
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    • 2021
  • The article defines the problems of forming the models of government regulation of clustering, marketing management and labor market in the context of globalization, business bankruptcy risk and services market development. The clustering models based on the optimal partner network cooperation were proposed in order to ensure the strategic development of territories, to attract budget leading enterprises and to support small businesses. A descriptive model of government regulation of clustering, marketing management and labor market in the context of globalization, business bankruptcy risk and Covid-19 was determined.

Labor Market Dynamics and Regional Economic Development in Post-Reform China: Implications for Understanding Changing Regional Inequality (경제개혁이후 중국의 노동시장 역동성과 지역경제발전 : 지역격차변화 이해에 대한 함의)

  • 이원호
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.23-42
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    • 2000
  • This study is to investigate spatial patterns of urban labor market growth driven by marketization process and its implication for understanding regional uneven development in post-reform China. Using a shift share analysis, it shows that the geography of employment growth in China's industrial labor market has closely interacted with the space economy of industrial output, which in turn indicates a deepening of economic reform. By decomposing net employment growth into output and productivity effects, it is shown that the non-state sector holds rapid growth of both output and productivity and contributes to net employment growth through positive net shifts. On the contrary, this study also presents that the state sector with relative decrease in output and productivity holds employment decline effects during the reform period. Since there is a significant spatial dimension for the trend above, it is contended that labor market dynamics together with space economy of industrial production play an important role in determining regional patterns of economic development. In addition, through situating this investigation in the context of structural and institutional changes in the reform period, our understanding of regional patterns of labor market growth will be much furthered.

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An Empirical Study on the Effect Mechanism of Labor Market Structure on Access to Social Insurance (노동시장 구조가 사회보험 배제에 영향을 미치는 메커니즘에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Soo-Wan
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.253-283
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    • 2009
  • This study examined empirically the effect mechanism of labor market structure on access to social insurance. Data were derived from the second wave of Korea Welfare Panel Study in 2007 with a sub-sample of 3,790 of wage workers. Path analysis and structural equation model were used to analyze the effect mechanism. Findings confirmed the inequality of labor market by revealing high causal relationships among occupations and jobs, size of the firm, employment forms, and income. The results suggest that access to social insurance depends on the structural interaction of labor market rather than on the individual worker's trait. Small enterprises and non-standard employment were indicated as the main element explaining the unequal access to social insurance. Finally this study identified women's experience of intensive inequalities in the labor market status and access to social insurance.

Study of the Relationship between Labor time and Wage in Korea (국내 노동시간과 임금간의 관계 연구)

  • Jang, Yu-Mi
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.15 no.9
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    • pp.5487-5494
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    • 2014
  • This study examined the relationship between income and the value of leisure to develop a more accurate model of the labor market without necessarily losing the primary merit of the received model. Moreover, with an improved understanding of the labor market dynamics, it can be seen that progressive era labor market legislation, which was designed to mitigate the effects of the bargaining power inequality in low wage labor markets, was in fact based on sensible economic foundations. These low-wage dynamics present an example of a positive feedback system or "vicious circle" at work in the economy. The market dynamics of the low wage sector push the wage away from the range that is consistent with a self-regulating market.