• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 2009

The goal of this research is to investigate the present situation for front of pack labeling in Korea and the perception of consumers for the new system of labeling, front of pack labeling, based on the consumer survey. We investigated the number of processed foods with front of pack labeling in one retailer in Youngin-si. And we also surveyed 1,019 participants nationwide whose ages were from 20 to 49; the knowledge of nutrition labeling, the knowledge of 'front of pack labeling', and the opinion about the labeling system. The data were analyzed using SAS statistics program. The results were as follows: 13.4% of processed foods had front of pack labeling, and 16.8% of the consumers always checked the nutrition labeling, while 32.7% of the consumers seldom checked it. In addition, 44.3% of the consumers think that 'front of pack labeling' is necessary, and 58.3% of the consumers think it is important to show the percentage of daily value as a way of 'front of pack labeling'. However, 32% of the consumer think the possibility of 'front of pack labeling' is slim. Meanwhile, 58.3% of the consumers think that it is important to have the color difference according to contents. The number of favorite nutrients in the front of pack was four or five. It seems that the recognition of current nutrition labeling has the influence on the willingness of using the future 'front of pack labeling'. Along with our study, the policy for 'front of pack labeling' has to be updated and improved constantly since 'front of pack labeling' helps consumer understand nutrition facts.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.86-97
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness, attitude for using on food labeling such as nutrition labeling, organic food labeling and food additives labeling, and purchase intention in Korean housewives and university students. A total of 320 subjects participated in study from October to November in 2008. They answered to developed questionnaire and 300 subjects (149 housewives, 151 students) completed all questions. The statistical analyses were performed using by SPSS 17.0 package program. The rates of checking the nutrition labeling, organic food labeling and food additives labeling were 57.3%, 57.2% and 63.3%, respectively. Comparing housewives with university students, housewives showed significantly more positive usefulness, attitude for using, purchase intention in some questions about nutrition labeling, organic food labeling and food additives labeling (p < 0.05). Subjects who checked each food labeling on purchasing had more positive usefulness, attitude for using and purchase intention in all questions (p < 0.01). For nutrition labeling and organic food labeling, usefulness (each value of ${\beta}$ was 0.362, 0.354) and attitude for using (each value of ${\beta}$ was 0.336, 0.301) were independent factors for purchase intention (p < 0.001). For food additives labeling, only usefulness had an effect on purchase intention. In conclusion, usefulness, attitude for using food labeling and purchase intention were different between housewives and university students. Moreover, usefulness and attitude for using food labeling affected positively on purchase intention.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.323-333
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• 2019

In Korea, origin labeling is one of the main issues in the food service sector. Many restaurants presented the incorrect or no origin of the food material, and Korean consumers have kept complaining about it. Even though the origin labeling program was welcomed by consumers, the food service sector has claimed that there is an increasing cost due to the origin labeling program. It is an important issue to determine whether the origin labeling program is good for the social welfare; however, the specific effects of the origin labeling program have rarely been measured. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of origin labeling of beef in the Korean food service sector. Through survey and model analyses, a few findings are presented. First, Korean consumers showed a positive willingness-to-pay for the origin labeling of beef. Especially, consumers without information on the origin of the beef showed a larger willingness-to-pay for the origin labeling. Second, the origin labeling of beef changed the price and quantity of beef, and this change became larger when the consumers had no information on the origin of the beef. The change in the marketing margin due to the origin labeling program also affected the changes in the price and quantity of the beef. Third, the origin labeling of beef increased the social welfare, which is the sum of the consumer surplus and producer surplus. And this increase of the social welfare became larger when the consumers had no information about the origin.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.106-119
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine restaurant customers' use of menu labeling and their perception of menu labeling attributes. Further, the study investigated relations of menu labeling use behavior, and perception of menu labeling attributes with behavioral intentions toward menu labeling. Using a self-administered survey conducted for 2 weeks from the 2nd week of October, 2015, data were collected from restaurant customers who were exposed to menu labeling over 3 months at the time of the survey. A total of 426 respondents completed the survey. Respondents were asked about use of menu labeling, usefulness, ease of understanding, accuracy, and demographic information. There was a difference in menu labeling use behavior according to age, whereas respondents aged 50 years or over showed significantly higher use of menu labeling than those in 20s (P<0.001). Perceptions of menu labeling attributes positively affected behavioral intentions towards menu labeling. While all three menu labeling attributes, 'usefulness', 'ease of understanding', and 'accuracy', were positive factors for behavioral intentions towards menu labeling, usefulness was the biggest attribute explaining behavioral intentions (P<0.001). The study findings offer implications that can be applied to academics, the foodservice industry, and government in an attempt to nurture a healthy eating environment through provision of nutritional information at restaurants.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.995-1003
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• 2015

This study was to investigate the association among satisfaction of nutrition labeling, change of purchase behaviors, and dietary life care, based on the awareness of nutrition labeling at expressway rest areas. The subjects (n=903) were divided into two groups, according to the awareness of nutrition labeling: Awareness of Nutrition Labeling (ANL) group, n=367; Non Awareness of Nutrition Labeling (NANL) group, n=536. Effort of health care and identification of nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. As for the main reason for not identifying nutrition labeling, 'not interested in nutrition labeling' was the highest in the ANL group, and 'Don't know nutrition labeling is provided' in the NANL group. Identification ratio of nutrition labeling in future was significantly higher in the NANL group, compared with the ANL group among the subjects who didn't identify nutrition labeling before. After their becoming aware, a change of food purchase after reading the nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. Health beliefs on the nutrition labeling were significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. Satisfaction of nutrition labeling was also significantly higher in the ANL group, compared with the NANL group. The ANL group also expressed a necessity of expansion of nutrition labeling, compared with the NANL group. In the ANL group, identification of nutrition labeling was significantly higher in the hard effort group, compared with the little effort group of dietary life care. Therefore, improvement and campaign of nutrition labeling for consumers at expressway rest areas, especially for the NANL group, will be effective in identifying nutrition labeling for their health care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.765-774
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• 1998

This purpose of this study was to contribute to the establishment of nutriton labeling and consumer education about food label by offereing basic information. Survey was carried out by questionnaire method. Subject groups were middle and high school female teachers and they were asked questions about their utilization and satisfaction of the current food labeling system, their awareness of the nutrition labeling and its necessity, and their acceptance of the future enforcement of nutrition labeling system. Questionnaires were distributed to 500 middle school female teachers in Chungbuk and Kyoggi area. Out of 340 reports(68%) collected, 311 reports(91.5%) were analyzed using SAS computer program. Most of the respondents payed much attention to the labels of the food at the time of purchase, the degree of their satisfaction in the current food labeling system was low. Concerning the awareness on nutrition labeling, Home Economics teachers knew better than non-Home Economics whether there were the regulations of nutrition labeling in Korea or not. Ninety-six percent of respondents answered that nutrition labeling is necessary. Home Economics teachers recognized the necessity of nutrition labeling more strongly than non-Home Economics teachers. Sixty eight percent of the respondents showed positive attitude to the actuation of nutrition labeling.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.9B no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2002

This paper proposes a new adaptive image labeling algorithm fur object analysis of the binary images. The proposed labeling algorithm need not merge/order of complex equivalent labels like classical labeling algorithm and the processing is done during only 1 Pass. In addition, this algorithm can be extended for gray-level image easily. Experiment result with HIPR image library shows that the proposed algorithm process more than 2 times laster than compared algorithm.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.173-186
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate consumers' utilization and satisfaction of the current food labeling system, their awareness of the nutrition labeling and its necessity, and their acceptance of the future enforcement of nutrition labeling. Questionnaires were distributed to 500 adult female consumers in Northern area of Kyonggi-do. Out of 402 questionnaires collected 358(89.1%) were analyzed using SAS computer program. The findings of this study were as follow: First, in the aspects of consumers' utilization and satisfaction of the current food labeling system, although they payed much attention to the food labels when they purchased food goods, the degree of their satisfaction in food labels was low. Among items in food labels they payed more attention to the expiration date, the date of production, and the name of manufacturer. However, the current food labeling system does not offer sufficient and reliable informations to consumers. Second, in the awareness of nutrition labeling and its necessity, majority of consumers appeared not to have seen the nutrition labeling in food products either domestic or imported. However, 93% of respondents answered that nutrition labeling is necessary. Third, in terms of the consumers' acceptance of enforcement of nutrition labeling, they were affirmative in bearing the increased costs, and their expectation to the beneficial effects of enforcement of nutrition labeling was stronger than worrying about the disadvantages or side effects of it.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

This study investigated recognition of food labeling of high school students (males 94 and females 85) in Yongin region. Recognition of food labeling was very high at 81.6%. For checking food labeling at the time of purchasing, 53.6% of the respondents always checked and the main reason was healthier food choice (49.2%). Satisfaction of food labeling was very low at 18.4%. In spite of very low satisfaction, 70.9% of respondents recognized necessity for education of food labeling. In terms of education method, respondents preferred 'school lecture' the most with 48.6%, which are in the following order: TV/newspaper/journal/book (37.4%) > internet lecture (10.1%) > education from parents (3.9%). Moreover, 83.2% of respondents answered 'positive change (ex. checking food labeling)' after getting education. Consequently, high school students had low level of utilization of food labeling at the time of purchasing. However, they showed high level of perception and educational need of food labeling as well as possibility of positive change after receiving education. Therefore, appropriate school education for food labeling may be able to lead a healthy eating habit of high school students.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.663-669
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of the correct food choices and nutrition management through nutrition labeling and provide basic data for building a nutrition labeling system for Korean restaurants. In the study, a survey was conducted from February 5th to February 27th in 2010 involving adults over the age of 20 living in part of the Gyeonggi-do area. The data was used to analyze the general characteristics, the awareness of nutrition labeling and the nutrition labeling contents by using the SPSS 18.0 package program. Among the 268 people surveyed, the total number of women was greater (60.4%) than men (39.6%). The perception of the necessity of nutrition labeling was a relatively high score of 3.99 on a 1 to 5 scale and the motivation to utilize nutrition labeling scored 3.89. The study found that females perceived nutrition labeling to be more important than did the males. In addition, the perception varied according to the level of education and age. In conclusion, since customers have a high demand for nutrition labeling in Korean restaurants and are motivated to utilize labeling when eating-out is relatively strong, labeling would be a good educational tool for leading a healthy food life. Furthermore, since the study found that differences occur between nutrition labeling contents or nutrients according to general characteristics, food service companies might be able to gain benefits through differentiated nutrition labeling that is catered for their main customers.