• 에너지공학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 콘덴싱 가스보일러의 NOx와 CO 배출농도를 줄이기 위한 방안으로 원통형 버너와 열교환기를 평면으로 모사한 평면 버너와 열교환기를 제작하여 버너와 열교환기 거리에 따른 배기 특성을 검토하였다. 그리고 평면 버너 실험에서 도출한 거리에 따라 직경이 다른 3종류의 원통형 버너를 제작하여 각각의 화염 안정성과 배기 특성, 효율 등을 검토하였다. 위와 같은 연구결과에 의해 최적화된 버너를 응축 가스 보일러에 장착히여 LNG와 LPG를 연료로 사용하여 보일러에 대한 종합성능, 즉 화염 안정성, 난방효율 및 배기 특성 등을 검토하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 난방부하 20,000kca/hr에 적합한 다공 예혼합 원통형 버너의 최적 제원을 결정하였으며, 이 버너는 당량비 0.68~0.85부근에서 turn-down ratio가 약 5 : 1 정도로 비례제어에 적합하였다. 그리고 보일러의 종합성능을 검토한 결과 난방부하 20,000 kcal/hr로 운전할 경우 LNG, LPG 모두 난방효율 97%(저위 발열량 기준)를 달성할 수 있었고 NOx와 CO 배출농도(O$_2$=0%, wet basis)는 LNG의 경우 각각 26 ppm과 85 ppm, LPG의 경우 각각 41 ppm과 113 ppm 정도로 매우 양호하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.295-299
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• 2010

액화석유가스-공기 불꽃에 대한 2가지 열적 금지제(즉, 돌가루, 탄산칼슘)의 억제효과를 연구하였다. 이를 위해 이들 금지제를 가하기 전과 후 가연성 혼합물의 가연성 한도를 측정하여 조사하였다. 그 결과, 탄산칼슘이 돌가루에 비해 억제 효과가 우수하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

Measurements on the combustion characteristics of dimethyl ether(DME:$CH_3$O$CH_3$) as compared with LPC in constant volume combustion chamber have been conducted. The DME is a good alternative fuel having oxygen component in fuel. To elucidate the combustion characteristics of dimethyl ether as a fuel, the combustion pressures, combustion durations, and pollutants(NOx, $CO_2$, CO) are measured with equivalence ratios(Ø), and initial Pressures of fuel-air mixture. In the case of DME, the NOx concentration peaks in leu flame Ø = 0.85~0.9, and $CO_2$ concentration peaks at Ø=1.1, while the CO concentration abruptly rises at the condition of fuel-rich mixtures.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.3264-3269
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• 2007

Combustion instability is a serious obstacle for the lean premixed combustion of gas turbines, and can even cause fatal damage to the combustor and the entire system. Thus, improved understanding of the mechanisms of combustion instability is necessary for designing and operating gas turbine combustors. In this study, in order to understand the instability phenomena, an experimental study was conducted in a rearwardstep dump combustor with LPG and air. The fluctuations of pressure and heat release were measured by piezoelectric pressure sensor and High speed Intensified Charge Coupled Device (ICCD) camera respectively. Various types of combustion modes occurred in accordance with the equivalence ratio and the fuel supplying conditions. The unmixedness of the fuel and air can be controlled by changing the mixing distance ($L_{fuel}$). It is found that the unmixedness of the fuel and air affects the characteristics of flame behavior and pressure fluctuations in a lean premixed flame.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 1998

High temperature preheated and diluted air combustion has been developed as the technology to realize higher thermal efficiency. In this type of combustion, there are many interesting phenomena which cannot be observed in room temperature air combustion. The characteristics of the combustion, investigated using a 3500 kcal/h LPG fired test facility, are described. The flame is demonstrated to have a blue and green in color and has a large volume. As the preheated air temperature increased up to $1000\;^{\circ}C$, the NOx emission incrased exponentially over a few hundred ppm with 11% $O_2$ correction. But, it drastically reducedabout 20ppm when the air was diluted from 21% $O_2$ to 5% $O_2$.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2001년도 제22회 KOSCI SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.163-171
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• 2001

The characteristics of NOx emission in multi fuel/air staged combustor have been experimentally studied. The design concept of multi fuel/air staged combustor is creation of two separate flame, a primary flame is act as a pilot Dame for the secondary combustion stage combustion zone, where most of fuel bums. Experiments were performed on a semi-industrial scale (thermal input 0.233 MW) in a laboratory furnace and Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) was used as primary and secondary fuels. The study included parametric study to identify the optimum operating conditions which are primary/secondary fuel ratio, primary/secondary air ratio, primary swirl intensity and secondary swirl intensity for reducing NOx emission. The test demonstrated that NOx emission can be reduced by ${>}$70% in accordance with operating conditions.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2012

LPG 저장설비에 부착된 압력방출밸브 방출관으로부터 분출된 가스의 확산에 대해 검토하였다. 통상 방출관은 안전한 장소인 수직 상방향으로 분출되도록 설치되어야 하며, 방출된 가스가 착화되더라도 저장탱크, 장치, 배관에 화염이 닿지 않도록 설치되어야 한다[1][2]. 그러나 우리나라에서는 방출구를 통한 분출방향에 대한 기준이 없이 다양한 방출구 형태가 존재한다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 4가지 방출방향 즉 수직상방, 수직하방, 수평 2, 수직 4방향에 대해서 고려하였다. 방출구로부터 분출된 가스의 확산 시뮬레이션은 상용소프트웨어인 FLACS를 사용하였다. 이를 통해 수직하방, 수평 2, 수직 4방향으로 분출하도록 방출구를 설치하는 것은 지면에서의 착화를 방지하는 데 불리한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 안전밸브로부터 분출된 가스를 방출구를 통해 안전하게 분출하기 위해서는 수직상방으로 분출되는 것이 최선임을 알 수 있었다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2017

환경문제가 생존문제로까지 부각되면서 대기환경 개선을 위해 친환경에너지에 대한 관심이 높아져 그에 따른 환경 친화적 연료인 수소, LPG, CNG에 대한 수요가 점차 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 특히, 대부분의 연료를 수입에 의존하고 있는 우리나라의 경우 높은 생산량과 에너지 자립적 측면에서 유리한 위치에 있는 수소 에너지의 개발에 투자를 아끼지 않고 있는 상황이다. 하지만 매년 증가하고 있는 수요만큼 작은 누출사고부터 대형 화재 폭발사고까지 충전소사고 또한 다양하게 발생하고 있기 때문에 그에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 외 충전소에서 발생하는 수소, LPG, CNG의 사고 사례들을 비교 분석하였고 위험성평가를 위한 다양한 프로그램을 사용해 가스누출에 의한 피해거리를 예측하고 위험거리를 평가하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.2626-2636
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• 1996

A study of soot deposition and reentrainment was carried out both theoretically and experimentally to understand behavior of soot formed by incomplete combustion in a diesel engine. Theoretically, soot deposition on engine cylinder wall and/or piston head was studied with a stagnation point flow approximation. Soot reentrainment occurred upon exhaust gas blowdown was also studied by assuming a long-normal shear velocity distribution. Experimentally, a LPG$O_2/N_2$ flame impinging on a disk, produced by a concentric tubular burner, was chosen as deposition configuration and a shear flow unit with compressed air was installed for the study of reentrainment. For selected flame configuration, soot deposition measurements were conducted and showed that the dominant deposition mechanism was thermophoresis. Distributions of gas temperature and soot number density were estimated by combining data obtained by a B-type thermocouple with a thermophoretic transport theory. Disk temperature distributions were directly measured using a K-type thermocouple. Soot size and morphology were estimated from a TEM photograph. Ratios of soot deposit to reentrained amount were measured for a wide range of shear flow velocities, which showed that the reentrainment model was reasonable.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2004

Fundamental combustion characteristics, such as the combustion potential, burning velocity and flame stability, for the practical utilization of LFG(Landfill gas) and LFG-blended fuels were experimentally investigated. The combustion potentials(CP) of LFG-blended fuels calculated from the previously suggested formulae were compared with burning velocities obtained by present experiments. The results showed that the previous formulae fur CP of LFG-blended fuels were not agreed with the experimental burning velocity, and these formulae should be revised. To provide an useful information needed to design the combustion devices, a triangular diagram was suggested for the maximum burning velocity of the mixture of CH$_4$, LPG and LFG. From the investigation of the burning velocity and the flame stability in a practical combustor, it was noted that the LFG-blended fuels, of which heating values or Wobbe indices were adjusted to that of natural gas, could be used as an alternative fuel of natural gas.