• Title/Summary/Keyword: LED driving

Search Result 254, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Medical Students Understanding of The Scope of Plastic Surgery

  • Mohammad K.H.B. Abdulaziz;Mohammad Al-Jamali;Sundus Al-Mazidi;Sarah Albuloushi;Ahmad B. Al-Ali
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
    • /
    • v.51 no.2
    • /
    • pp.251-257
    • /
    • 2024
  • Background Plastic surgery has developed to benefit in a variety of challenging areas formerly handled by other disciplines. Medical students do not have a clear picture of plastic surgery as a career due to lacking scope, clinical practice, and understanding of plastic surgery as a clinical area of expertise, including general practitioners, nursing staff, medical trainees, and the general public, and misconceptions about the extent of reconstructive and plastic surgery. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on Kuwait University Medical students (2nd-7th Years) over a period of 1 month. A questionnaire and a consent form were provided to eligible students. The inclusion criteria were Kuwait University Medical students from 2nd to 7th Years with signed consent form. The response was collected via email sent in coordination with the Vice Dean of Student Affairs in the Faculty of Medicine. Using statistical package for the social sciences, responses were statistically analyzed. Pearson's chi-square test was used to calculate p-values, where p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 244 eligible medical students, 121 males and 123 females, were included in the study, with a mean age of 21 (±2) years. Similarly, 126 (51.6%) were preclinical students (2nd-4th-year students), while 118 (48.4%) were clinical students (5th-7th-year students). About 79.8% of medical students believed that plastic surgery plays an essential role in trauma management, whereas 9.2% did not consider plastic surgery significant for trauma management. This study found that only 15.5% of medical students were interested in enrolling in plastic surgery residency after graduation, while 47.1% of students did not consider plastic surgery residency after graduation. However, 37.4% were uncertain. The two most driving factors in deciding on plastic surgery residency were expected income (61.8%) and lifestyle (14.3%). Conclusion Improving medical students' education quality can enhance their perception and awareness of plastic surgery. Students should be taught the broader scope of plastic surgery. The inclusion of formal training during undergraduation is the essence of time and should be added to or improved during plastic surgery rotations with more emphasis on reconstructive and hand/peripheral nerve surgery. Student-led interest groups can be a useful tool for educating students about their specialty.

Development of Electret to Improve Output and Stability of Triboelectric Nanogenerator (마찰대전 나노발전기의 출력 및 안정성 향상을 위한 일렉트렛 개발)

  • Kam, Dongik;Jang, Sunmin;Yun, Yeongcheol;Bae, Hongeun;Lee, Youngjin;Ra, Yoonsang;Cho, Sumin;Seo, Kyoung Duck;Cha, Kyoung Je;Choi, Dongwhi
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
    • /
    • v.60 no.1
    • /
    • pp.93-99
    • /
    • 2022
  • With the rapid development of ultra-small and wearable device technology, continuous electricity supply without spatiotemporal limitations for driving electronic devices is required. Accordingly, Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which utilizes static electricity generated by the contact and separation of two different materials, is being used as a means of effectively harvesting various types of energy dispersed without complex processes and designs due to its simple principle. However, to apply the TENG to real life, it is necessary to increase the electrical output. In addition, stable generation of electrical output, as well as increase in electrical output, is a task to be solved for the commercialization of TENG. In this study, we proposed a method to not only improve the output of TENG but also to stably represent the improved output. This was solved by using the contact layer, which is one of the components of TENG, as an electret for improved output and stability. The utilized electret was manufactured by sequentially performing corona charging-thermal annealing-corona charging on the Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film. Electric charges artificially injected due to corona charging enter a deep trap through the thermal annealing, so an electret that minimizes charge escape was fabricated and used in TENG. The output performance of the manufactured electret was verified by measuring the voltage output of the TENG in vertical contact separation mode, and the electret treated to the corona charging showed an output voltage 12 times higher than that of the pristine FEP film. The time and humidity stability of the electret was confirmed by measuring the output voltage of the TENG after exposing the electret to a general external environment and extreme humidity environment. In addition, it was shown that it can be applied to real-life by operating the LED by applying an electret to the clap-TENG with the motif of clap.

A Study on the Model of Appraisal and Acquisition for Digital Documentary Heritage : Focused on 'Whole-of-Society Approach' in Canada (디지털기록유산 평가·수집 모형에 대한 연구 캐나다 'Whole-of-Society 접근법'을 중심으로)

  • Pak, Ji-Ae;Yim, Jin Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
    • /
    • no.44
    • /
    • pp.51-99
    • /
    • 2015
  • The purpose of the archival appraisal has gradually changed from the selection of records to the documentation of the society. In particular, the qualitative and quantitative developments of the current digital technology and web have become the driving force that enables semantic acquisition, rather than physical one. Under these circumstances, the concept of 'documentary heritage' has been re-established internationally, led by UNESCO. Library and Archives Canada (LAC) reflects this trend. LAC has been trying to develop a new appraisal model and an acquisition model at the same time to revive the spirit of total archives, which is the 'Whole-of-society approach'. Features of this approach can be summarized in three main points. First, it is for documentary heritage and the acquisition refers to semantic acquisition, not the physical one. And because the object of management is documentary heritage, the cooperation between documentary heritage institutions has to be a prerequisite condition. Lastly, it cannot only documenting what already happened, it can documenting what is happening in the current society. 'Whole-of-society approach', as an appraisal method, is a way to identify social components based on social theories. The approach, as an acquisition method, is targeting digital recording, which includes 'digitized' heritage and 'born-digital' heritage. And it makes possible to the semantic acquisition of documentary heritage based on the data linking by mapping identified social components as metadata component and establishing them into linked open data. This study pointed out that it is hard to realize documentation of the society based on domestic appraisal system since the purpose is limited to selection. To overcome this limitation, we suggest a guideline applied with 'Whole-of-society approach'.

An accuracy analysis of Cyberknife tumor tracking radiotherapy according to unpredictable change of respiration (예측 불가능한 호흡 변화에 따른 사이버나이프 종양 추적 방사선 치료의 정확도 분석)

  • Seo, jung min;Lee, chang yeol;Huh, hyun do;Kim, wan sun
    • The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.157-166
    • /
    • 2015
  • Purpose : Cyber-Knife tumor tracking system, based on the correlation relationship between the position of a tumor which moves in response to the real time respiratory cycle signal and respiration was obtained by the LED marker attached to the outside of the patient, the location of the tumor to predict in advance, the movement of the tumor in synchronization with the therapeutic device to track real-time tumor, is a system for treating. The purpose of this study, in the cyber knife tumor tracking radiation therapy, trying to evaluate the accuracy of tumor tracking radiation therapy system due to the change in the form of unpredictable sudden breathing due to cough and sleep. Materials and Methods : Breathing Log files that were used in the study, based on the Respiratory gating radiotherapy and Cyber-knife tracking radiosurgery breathing Log files of patients who received herein, measured using the Log files in the form of a Sinusoidal pattern and Sudden change pattern. it has been reconstituted as possible. Enter the reconstructed respiratory Log file cyber knife dynamic chest Phantom, so that it is possible to implement a motion due to respiration, add manufacturing the driving apparatus of the existing dynamic chest Phantom, Phantom the form of respiration we have developed a program that can be applied to. Movement of the phantom inside the target (Ball cube target) was driven by the displacement of three sizes of according to the size of the respiratory vertical (Superior-Inferior) direction to the 5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm. Insert crosses two EBT3 films in phantom inside the target in response to changes in the target movement, the End-to-End (E2E) test provided in Cyber-Knife manufacturer depending on the form of the breathing five times each. It was determined by carrying. Accuracy of tumor tracking system is indicated by the target error by analyzing the inserted film, additional E2E test is analyzed by measuring the correlation error while being advanced. Results : If the target error is a sine curve breathing form, the size of the target of the movement is in response to the 5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, respectively, of the average $1.14{\pm}0.13mm$, $1.05{\pm}0.20mm$, with $2.37{\pm}0.17mm$, suddenly for it is variations in breathing, respective average $1.87{\pm}0.19mm$, $2.15{\pm}0.21mm$, and analyzed with $2.44{\pm}0.26mm$. If the correlation error can be defined by the length of the displacement vector in the target track is a sinusoidal breathing mode, the size of the target of the movement in response to 5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, respective average $0.84{\pm}0.01mm$, $0.70{\pm}0.13mm$, with $1.63{\pm}0.10mm$, if it is a variant of sudden breathing respective average $0.97{\pm}0.06mm$, $1.44{\pm}0.11mm$, and analyzed with $1.98{\pm}0.10mm$. The larger the correlation error values in both the both the respiratory form, the target error value is large. If the motion size of the target of the sine curve breathing form is greater than or equal to 20 mm, was measured at 1.5 mm or more is a recommendation value of both cyber knife manufacturer of both error value. Conclusion : There is a tendency that the correlation error value between about target error value magnitude of the target motion is large is increased, the error value becomes large in variation of rapid respiration than breathing the form of a sine curve. The more the shape of the breathing large movements regular shape of sine curves target accuracy of the tumor tracking system can be judged to be reduced. Using the algorithm of Cyber-Knife tumor tracking system, when there is a change in the sudden unpredictable respiratory due patient coughing during treatment enforcement is to stop the treatment, it is assumed to carry out the internal target validation process again, it is necessary to readjust the form of respiration. Patients under treatment is determined to be able to improve the treatment of accuracy to induce the observed form of regular breathing and put like to see the goggles monitor capable of the respiratory form of the person.

  • PDF