• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.59-64
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• 2011

The objective of the study is to develop life cycle inventory (LCI) database of dam, a major facility for irrigation water supply. The types of database developed are three out of nine dams according to the size of the wate r storage capacity: two kinds larger than 500,000 $m^3$ depending on gate for discharging (Type 1) and the other dam smaller than 500,000 $m^3$ (Type 2). According to the LCI analysis, type 1 larger than 500,000 $m^3$ storage capacity with gate has the lowest environment impact in the 6 impact categories. The impact of the type 1 accounts for 7~35 % of the type 2 for supplying irrigation water. Comparing with the environment impacts of water for other uses such as drinking and industrial water, the impacts of 1 $m^3$ irrigation water supply is 4~45 % of the one for industrial water supply and 1~16 % of the drinking water's. The three types of LCI DB on the irrigation water by dams will be useful in the application of Life Cycle Assessment in agricultural products and environmental labelling including carbon footprint since it is complied to the guidelines of LCI DB constr uction issued by Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Knowledge Economy.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.681-691
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• 2017

In this research, life cycle inventory database (LCI DB) was developed for elastomeric bearing employing life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology additionally the reliability improvement rate in the evaluation of the environmental load of the bridge was analyzed. As are result of impact assessment by 6 major impact categories, production of elastomeric bearing puts on environmental impact in the order of resource depletion, global warming, photochemical oxidant creation. and among a wide variety of input, steel plates contributes in most of the impact categories. As a result of applying the elastomeric bearing LCI database constructed in this study, the environmental loads increased by 0.53% on average, and the cut-off based on the cost of input materials increased by 11.36%. It is anticipated that it will be possible to improve the credibility and to provide data based on current production technology, such as estimating GHG emissions and evaluating environmental load, by constructing elastomeric bearing LCI DB.

• Magazine of RCR
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2023

기업의 ESG 활동의 일환으로 탄소중립과 순환경제의 개념을 활용한 기업의 성과를 고객에게 알리기 위하여 고품질의 전과정평가 결과에 대한 요구가 커지고 있다. 이를 위해서 LCI 데이터베이스에 대한 글로벌 요건에 맞는 고품질의 LCI 데이터베이스를 구축하고 관리하는 것이 국가적으로 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 이를 위해 UNEP는 GLAD 플랫폼을 만들었고, EU는 LCDN 플랫폼을 만들어 국제통용성을 고려한 고품질의 LCI 데이터베이스를 관리하려는 노력을 하고 있다. 국내 LCI 데이터베이스는 정부주도로 1999년부터 지속적으로 개발되어 활용되고 있지만, 국제통용성의 측면에서 볼 때, 기업의 생산현황을 반영한 최신의 일차데이터가 부족하고, LCI 데이터베이스에 포함된 목록항목들이 모든 환경영향을 충분히 평가할 수도 없으며, 데이터 정보제공의 형식인 LCI 데이터베이스 포맷이 글로벌 동향을 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 이에 국제통용성을 고려한 국내 LCI 데이터베이스의 개발을 위해 산업을 대표하는 협회 또는 단체를 통해 매년 최신의 일차데이터를 확보하고, 이를 토대로 모든 환경영향을 평가할 수 있는 수준의 목록항목을 포함한 국내 LCI 데이터베이스를 개발하고, 이를 Eco-SPOLD_02 또는 ILCD 등의 최신 LCI 데이터베이스 포맷으로 관리하여야 한다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.475-490
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• 2012

Since 1997, Korean Ministry of Knowledge Economy and Ministry of Environment have established data on some 400 basic raw and subsidiary materials and process like energy, petro-chemical, steel, cement, glass, paper, construction materials, transportation, recycling and disposal etc by initiating establishment of LCI database. Regarding agriculture, Rural Development Administration has conducted establishment of LCI database for major farm products like rice, barley, beans, cabbage and radish etc from 2009, and released that they would establish LCI database for 50 items until 2020 later on. The domestic LCI database for seeds, seedling, agrochemical, inorganic, fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc is only at initial stage of establishment, so overseas LCI databases are brought and being used. However, since the domestic and overseas natural environments differ, they fall behind in reliability. Therefore, this study has the purpose to select organic farming materials, survey the production process for various types of organic farming materials and establish LCI database for the effects of greenhouse gas emitted by each crop during the process. As for selecting methods, in this study organic farming materials were selected in the method of direct observation of material and bottom-up method a survey method with focus on the organic farming materials admitted into rice production. For the basic unit of carbon emission amount by the production of 1kg of organic farming material, the software PASS 4.1.1 developed by Korea Accreditation Board under Ministry of Knowledge Economy was used. The study had the goal to ultimately provide basic unit to calculate carbon emission amount in executing many institutions like goal management system and carbon performance display system etc in agricultural sector to be conducted later on. As a result, emission basic units per 1kg of production were calculated to be 0.04968kg-$CO_2$ for oystershells, 0.004692kg-$CO_2$ for expanded rice hull, and 1.029kg-$CO_2$ for bordeaux mixture liquid.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.36-39
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• 2011

• Clean Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

In this research, life cycle inventory database (LCI DB) was developed for liquid CO₂ employing life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. As are result of characterization and normalization process, production of liquid CO₂ puts on environmental impact in the order of resource depletion, global warming, acidification, eutrophication and photochemical oxidation, and among a wide variety of input, electricity contributes in most of the impact categories. Air emission plays a key role in the acidification and eutrophication while ammonia affects most on the ozone depletion. It is anticipated that development of liquid CO₂ LCI DB makes it possible for national environmental strategies to be more activated including environmental labeling scheme.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.297-311
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• 2012

Since 1997, Korean Ministry of Knowledge Economy and Ministry of Environment have established data on some 400 basic raw and subsidiary materials and process like energy, petro-chemical, steel, cement, glass, paper, construction materials, transportation, recycling and disposal etc by initiating establishment of LCI database. Regarding agriculture, Rural Development Administration has conducted establishment of LCI database for major farm products like rice, barley, beans, cabbage and radish etc from 2009, and released that they would establish LCI database for 50 items until 2020 later on. The domestic LCI database for seeds, seedling, agrochemical, inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc is only at initial stage of establishment, so overseas LCI databases are brought and being used. However, since the domestic and overseas natural environments differ, they fall behind in reliability. Therefore, this study has the purpose to select organic farming materials, survey the production process for various types of organic farming materials and establish LCI database for the effects of greenhouse gas emitted during the process in order to select carbon basic units for agricultural production system compliant in domestic situation instead of relying on overseas data and apply life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emitted by each crop during the process. As for selecting methods, in this study organic farming materials were selected in the method of direct observation of material and bottom-up method a survey method with focus on the organic farming materials admitted into rice production. For the basic unit of carbon emission amount by the production of 1kg of organic farming material, the software PASS 4.1.1 developed by Korea Accreditation Board under Ministry of Knowledge Economy was used. The study had the goal to ultimately provide basic unit to calculate carbon emission amount in executing many institutions like goal management system and carbon performance display system etc in agricultural sector to be conducted later on. As a result, emission basic units per 1kg of production were calculated to be 0.0088kg-$CO_2$ for charcoal, 0.1319kg-$CO_2$ for grass liquid, and 0.2804kg-$CO_2$ for microbial agent.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.59-66
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1028-1032
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• 2005

Life cycle assessment(LCA) has been developed from the concept of life cycle thinking. Life cycle thinking implies that everyone in the whole chain of a product's life cycle, from cradle to grave, has a responsibility and a role to play, taking into account all the relevant external effects. LCA is an analytical tool for identifying environmental loads and assessing the environmental impact in the whole chain of a product's life cycle. In Europe and Japan, LCA and ecodesign study for railway industry have been actively carried out recently. However, LCA for railway industry in domestic is still infant. LCA is standardized in International Organization of Standardization(ISO), base on the ISO 14040 standards, 307 life cycle inventory(LCI) database for infrastructure and base materials have been established in total since 1999. Some of LCI database can use in performing LCA for trains and railway infrastructure, but still not enough to derive accurate LCA result. Therefore, railway oriented LCA methodology and LCI DB are needed to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.705-715
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• 2010

The adoption of carbon foot print system is being activated mostly in the developed countries as one of the long-term response towards tightened up regulations and standards on carbon emission in the agricultural sector. The Korean Ministry of Environment excluded the primary agricultural products from the carbon foot print system due to lack of LCI (life cycle inventory) database in agriculture. Therefore, the research on and establishment of LCI database in the agriculture for adoption of carbon foot print system is urgent. Development of LCA (life cycle assessment) methodology for application of LCA to agricultural environment in Korea is also very important. Application of LCA methodology to agricultural environment in Korea is an early stage. Therefore, this study was carried out to find out the effect of lettuce cultivation on agricultural environment by establishing LCA methodology. Data collection of agricultural input and output for establishing LCI was carried out by collecting statistical data and documents on income from agro and livestock products prepared by RDA. LCA methodology for agriculture was reviewed by investigating LCA methodology and LCA applications of foreign countries. Results based on 1 kg of lettuce production showed that inputs including N, P, organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers and crop protectants were the main sources of major emission factor during lettuce cropping process. The amount of inputs considering the amount of active ingredients was required to estimate the actual quantity of the inputs used. Major emissions due to agricultural activities were $N_2O$ (emission to air) and ${NO_3}^-$/${PO_4}^-$ (emission to water) from fertilizers, organic compounds from pesticides and air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion in using agricultural machines. The softwares for LCIA (life cycle impact assessment) and LCA used in Korea are 'PASS' and 'TOTAL' which have been developed by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy and the Ministry of Environment. However, the models used for the softwares are the ones developed in foreign countries. In the future, development of models and optimization of factors for characterization, normalization and weighting suitable to Korean agricultural environment need to be done for more precise LCA analysis in the agricultural area.