• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2007년도 공동학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.241-244
• /
• 2007

Cement-grouts are injected into limestone cavities beneath the road in the project area, in order to improve strength and reduce permeability; the extent to which grout has penetrated in cavities need to be monitored in order to determined effectiveness of cement-grout. Geophysical approaches, offer great potential for monitoring the grout injection process in a fast and cost-effective way as well as showing whether the grout has successfully achieved the target. This paper presents the ability of surface electrical resistivity to investigate the verification of the grout placement. In order to image the cement-grout, time-lapse surface electrical resistivity surveys were conducted to compare electrical resistivity images before and after injection. Cement-grout was imaged as anomalies exhibiting low resistivity than the surrounding rocks. In accordance with field monitoring, laboratory study was also designed to monitor the resistivity changes of cement-grout specimens with time-lapse. Time-lapse laboratory measurements indicated that electrical methods are good tool to identify the grouted zone. Pre-and post grouting electrical images showed significant changes in subsurface resistivity at grouted zone. The study showed that electrical resistivity imaging technology can be a useful tool for detecting and evaluating changes in subsurface resistivity due to the injection of the grout.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we propose a methodology of using time-lag, make it serve the sound field, in order to smoothen the music production and reduce conflicts. The importance of music production in today's music industry chain is becoming more and more apparent. In the process of music production, the creators pay more attention to the design and adjustment of virtual sound field, especially the late mixing and production. In the process, as a commonly used tool for the adjustment of sound field, "time-lapse" plays a decisive role.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2007년도 공동학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.101-106
• /
• 2007

A time-lapse microgravity survey on a newly widen road at Muan, where limestone cavities are developed, for monitoring the change of the subsurface density distribution before and after grouting. Microgravity monitoring is identified as a quick, easy and cost effective. But, it requires strict data acquisition and quality control due to the differences of conditions at measurements. The survey was carried out two times, that is, October 2005 and September 2006. The data were adjusted for reducing the effects due to the different condition of each survey. The processed data acquired in 2005 and 2006 were inverted into the subsurface density distributions. They show the change and development of density structure during the lapsed time, which implies the effects of grouting.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.90-95
• /
• 2017

Objective: We investigated whether the insemination method (in vitro fertilization [IVF] or intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI]) affected morphokinetic events and abnormal cleavage events in embryonic development. Methods: A total of 1,830 normal fertilized embryos were obtained from 272 IVF and ICSI cycles that underwent ovum retrieval culture using a time-lapse system (Embryoscope) from June 2013 to March 2015. All embryos were investigated by a detailed time-lapse analysis that measured the developmental events in the hours after IVF or ICSI insemination. Results: No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding clinical outcomes (p>0.05). ICSI-derived embryos showed significantly faster morphokinetics than those derived from conventional IVF, from the time to pronuclear fading to the time to 6 cells (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were found from the time to 7 cells to the time to expanded blastocyst (p>0.05). There were no differences in abnormal cleavage events between the two groups (p>0.05); they showed the same rates of direct cleavage from 1 to 3 cells, 2 multinucleated cells, 2 uneven cells, and reverse cleavage. Conclusion: The morphokinetics of embryo development was found to vary between IVF- and ICSI-fertilized oocytes, at least until the 6-cell stage. However, these differences did not affect the clinical outcomes of the embryo. Additionally, no significant differences in abnormal cleavage events were found according to the fertilization method.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.221-236
• /
• 1995

In order to investigate the anticonvulsive effect of Jinkyungondamtang, the experiment were performed in mice. After solid exract of Jinkyungondamtang was orally administered to mice, four types of convulsion were induced in mice by electric shock, strychnine, picrotoxin, and caffeine. Each of the time to elicit the convulsion and to die was observed. Results were as follows: 1. In the case of convulsion induced by electric shock, the lapse of the time to elicit convulsion and the time to die were delayed by oral administration of Jinkyungondam-tang(P<0.05, P<0.025). 2. The solid extracts of Jinkyungondamtang were revealed rem- arkable effect in delaying the time to die induced by stry-chnine (P<0.05). 3. By oral administration of Jinkyungondamtang, the lapse of the time to elicit convulsion and to die were delayed significantly to elicit convulsion inducing by picrotoxin (P<0.05, P<0.05). 4. Considerable prolongation of the lapse of the time to elicit the convulsion was observed in convulsion induced caffeine due to the anticonvulsive effects of Jinkyungondamtang (P<0.05).

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.361-371
• /
• 2009

전기비저항 토모그래피법은 터널 주변의 물성분포나 그 변화를 탐지하는데 매우 효과적인 물리탐사 방법이다. 따라서 전기비저항 토모그래피 영상은 터널의 효과적인 유지관리를 위한 중요한 정보를 제공해 준다. 그러나 공기로 채워진 터널은 토모그래피 자료를 심하게 왜곡시키며, 이러한 현상은 송, 수신점이 터널에 근접할수록 심화된다. 또한 이러한 왜곡은 결과적으로 토모그래피 모니터링 자료의 해석에 오류를 가져오게 된다. 이런 문제점의 해결을 위하여 터널을 포함한 모델링 및 시간경과 역산법을 개발하였다. 개발된 프로그램을 사용하여 터널을 고려한 역산법이 기존의 역산법에 비하여 월등히 정밀한 영상을 제공함을 확인하였다. 또한 모니터링 자료에 시간경과 역산을 사용하여 보다 효과적으로 터널주변의 시간에 따른 전기비저항 변화대를 파악할 수 있었다.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.13-25
• /
• 1991

We measured change of peripheral skin temperature and mean skin temperature when the upper arm and thigh are pressured in order to know the effect of skin pressure applied by clothing on blood circulation. After release from pressure, we observed also recovery condition. At the same time, we examined relation between pressure and a feeling of thightness. Three physiques of healthy females, namely slender, standard and plump, served as subjects. We used continuous restraint method with skin pressure applied by experimental fabric for 10 min. As a result of this experiment, we obtained following findings. 1. The significant difference was marked at the pressure, measuring time and physique with change of skin temperature under upper arm restraint. The peripheral and mean skin temperature decreased with the lapse of restraint time. A remarkable tendency observed according to the increase of restraint pressure. Recovery condition after release from pressure not yet recovered to original state, for all after a lapse of 10 min. 2. The significant difference was marked at the pressure, measuring time and physique with change of skin temperature under thigh restraint, especially different physique was remarkable among them. The peripheral skin temperature decreased or decreased. Recovery condition after release from pressure was the same upper arm. 3. Main factor affecting the evaluation of a feeling of tightness was restraint pressure. The value of pressure sensation made remarkable declined after a lapse of 10 min restraint time. Individual differences, however, were shown in pressure sensation.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2016

경계층 내에서는 일중 시간대에 따라 기온감률의 변이가 크므로, 복잡지형의 기온분포 추정에 흔히 사용되는 표준기온감률보다 현실성 있는 매시 기온감률 추정 방법을 고안하였다. 이 방법에서는 기온 경시변동의 장기간 평균을 기준으로 하되, 표준등압면 1000-925hPa 층위의 기온감률을 이용하여 기온감률 표준곡선을 작성하고, 여기에 매시 운량에 따라 보정된 기온감률이 모의된다. 신뢰성 검증을 위해 대관령 지역에 적용하여 10개월 간 매시 기온감률을 추정하고 그 결과를 초음파 기온프로파일러로부터 얻은 지상 500-600m 층위 실측 기온감률과 비교한 결과, ME $-0.0001^{\circ}C/m$, RMSE $0.0024^{\circ}C/m$였다. 이 방법을 지상 1.5m에서 측정되는 산사면의 고도별 기온감률 추정에 적용할 수 있는지 확인하기 위해 복잡지형인 '하동2수위표' 표준유역의 313-401m 고도구간 매시 기온감률을 계산하였다. 해당 유역 산사면 여러 지점으로부터 실측기온을 얻어 기온감률을 구한 다음 추정값과 비교한 결과 대관령의 연직 프로파일에 비해 오차가 컸지만 하늘상태에 따른 일중 기온감률의 변동경향은 이 방법에 의해 모의할 수 있었다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.326-334
• /
• 2008

전기비저항 탐사법은 지하 천부의 전기비저항 영상화에 널리 사용되어 왔으며, 최근 신속한 자동측정이 가능해짐에 따라 모니터링이 용이하게 되었다. 이 연구에서는 전기비저항 모니터링 자료의 해석을 위한 시간경과 역산법을 개발하였다. 개발된 역산법은 기준모델에 비하여 변화가 큰 모델변수에는 약한 제한을, 변화가 미미한 모델변수에는 강한 제한을 가하는 방법이다. 수치시험을 통하여 시간경과 역산 영상은 시간적으로 변화한 영역을 보다 정확하고 뚜렷하게 영상화함을 확인하였다. 또한 저수지 누수문제에 개발된 시간경과 역산법을 적용하여 누수구간을 탐지할 수 있었으며, 이 누수구간은 측정 기간내에 크게 변화하지 않았음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 1999

This studies was carried out to estimate the influence of mowing height, time lapse, rolling, and dew removal on green speed of putting green in Lake Side C. C. on 29, 30 Jun. 1998. The results were as follows. As mowing height increased, green speed tended to be decreased. After mowing, green speed tended to be decreased over the time, and appeared to be decrease significantly on the next day[Y=3.206-0.127.X1-1.41$\times$10-2.X4(Y=green speed, X1=mowing height, X4=time lapse)]. This suggests that the frequency of mowing must be increased to maintain the green speed. But, frequent mowing cause the turfgrass of putting green to be stressed. Rolling tended to increase green speed[Y=3.555-0.202.X1+0.111.X2(Y=green speed, X1=mowing height, X2=rolling)]. Thus, rollers is thought to be an tool used to increase green speed and rolling is expected to be able to decrease turfgrass stress while maintaining the performance level of the putting green. Dew removal appeared to increase green speed significantly[Y=2.499-0.125.X1+0.366.X3(Y=green speed, X1=mowing height, X3=dew removal)]. Thus, dew removal is expected to maintain the green speed in the morning.