• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.405-412
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• 2005

Quality characteristics of squid-sikhae prepared by four different methods(SHM: sikhae method, SHM-LA; sikhae method added with L plantarum, MM; mixed method of sikhae method and salting method, MM-LA; MM method added with L plantarum) were investigated during fermentation at $20^{\circ}C$. The pHs of all the 6-days fermented sikhae samples were in the range of 4.01-3.76, meaning that there were no significant difference in pH according to the preparation methods. Number of total microbes(TM) were decreased, while the ratio of lactic acid bacteria against TM in SHM-LA and MM-LA was higher than those of SHM and MM. There were no differences in acid protease activity, while $NH_2-N$ content of SHM and MM were higher than those of SHM-LA and MM-LA. Amylase activity was the lowest in MM-LA. Proteins separated by SDS-PAGE belonged to 7-200 kDa, the major proteins (153<94<41 kDa) of the sikhae in all plots were disappeared at 6 days fermentation. In sensory evaluation, sour taste of MM was the highest, while it was the lowest in SHM-LA. Sweet taste, bitter taste, salty taste and hot taste were not significantly different Off-flavor was decreased in lactic acid bacteria added products. Scores of the softness and overall acceptability were the highest in SHM-LA. These results indicated that SHM-LA was the best method for the preparation of squid sikhae because of the enhancement of lactic acid fermentation and overall acceptability.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제52권8호
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• pp.623-631
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• 2022

Background and Objectives: Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) is the most common operation in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). There is controversy regarding the best bioprosthesis. We compare the performance of stented bioprosthetic valves (the Mosaic [Medtronic^TM] porcine pericardial against Carpentier Perimount Magna Ease [Edwards^TM] bovine) in pulmonary position in patients with CHD. Methods: Between January 1999 and December 2019, all the PVRs were identified from hospital databases in 2 congenital heart centres in Spain. Valve performance was evaluated using clinical and echocardiographic criteria. Propensity score matching was used to balance the 2 treatment groups. Results: Three hundred nineteen patients were retrospectively identified. After statistical adjustment, 79 propensity-matched pairs were available for comparison Freedom from reintervention for the porcine cohort was 98.3%, 96.1%, and 91.9% at 3, 5, and 10 years and 100%, 98%, and 90.8% for the bovine cohort (p=0.88). Freedom from structural valve degeneration (SVD) for the porcine cohort was 96.9%, 92.8% and 88.7% at 3, 5, and 10 years and 100%, 98%, and 79.1% for the bovine cohort (p=0.38). Bovine prosthesis was associated with a reintervention hazard ratio (HR), 1.12; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 0.24-5.26; p=0.89 and SVD HR, 1.69 (0.52-5.58); p=0.38. In the first 5 years, there was no difference in outcomes. After 5 years, the recipients of the bovine bioprosthesis were at higher risk for SVD (reintervention HR, 2.08 [0.27-16.0]; p=0.49; SVD HR, 6.99 [1.23-39.8]; p=0.03). Conclusions: Both bioprosthesis have similar outcomes up to 5 years, afterwards, porcine bioprosthesis seem to have less SVD.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2007

Pichia anomala SKM-T와 Galactomyces geotrichum SJM-59의 첨가가 배추 김치 발효에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여, 동결건조한 효모를 첨가하여 실온 ($20{\pm}2^{\circ}C$)에서 7일간 저장하면서 김치의 품질을 측정하였다. 대조구와 Galactomyces geotrichum SJM-59는 저장 3일째에 최적의 pH와 산도를 나타내었다. G. geotrichum SJM-59 첨가구에서는 저장 5일째까지 적정 pH와 산도를 유지하였다. p. anomala SKM-T 첨가구의 pH는 서서히 감소하여 전 실험 기간동안 대조구보다 유의적으로 높은 pH를 나타내었다. P. anomala SKM-T 첨가구의 산도는 저장 기간이 증가할수록 처처히 증가하였으나, 전 실험기간 동안 적정 산도를 유지하였고, 대조구에 비하여 높은 젖산균 수를 나타내었다. 대조구에서는 저장 3일째에 최고의 LA/TM 비를 나타내었으나, 효모첨가구에서는 저장 5일째에 최고의 LA/TM 비를 나타내었다. 저장 3일째의 관능검사 결과, 대조구와 G. geotrichum SJM-59 첨가구 간에는 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 효모첨가구는 감칠맛에서 높은 점수를 얻었다. P. anomala SKM-T 첨가구는 대조구보다 우수한 질감 특성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, G. geotrichum SJM-59 또는 P. anomala SKM-T의 첨가는 배추김치의 발효 기간을 지연시키는 것으로 사료되었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.218-222
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• 2005

Transferrin-conjugated liposomes ($T_f$-liposomes) were made and formulated with pCMVluc DNA to form a lipoplex. Among the various formulations studied, the $T_f$-liposome: pCMVluc DNA complex at a ratio of 5: 1 (wt/wt) showed the highest transfection efficiency, which was twice that of $Lipofectin^{TM}$ on HeLa cells. The maxi-mum tolerated dose (MTD) of this lipoplex formulation from a single intravenous injection was over 10 mg/kg in healthy ICR mice. The RT-PCR results showed that the highest level of luciferase mRNA was detected in the lungs, followed by the liver, spleen, heart and kidneys, after an intravenous injection into mice. Two weeks after the injection, the levels of luciferase mRNA decreased gradually in the liver, spleen, heart, and kidney, but not in the lungs. The micro-array study showed that the cancer-related genes, including the bcl 6 gene, were highly up-regulated by the treatment with $T_f$-liposome/ pCMVluc DNA complex on HeLa cells, indicating that there were possible interactions between the host chromosomal DNA and the $T_f$-liposome within the cells. The results obtained from this study are expected to be useful for designing a safe and efficient gene delivery system using transferrin-conjugated liposomes.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2007

A bioequivalence study of $Nimegen^{TM}$ soft capsule (Medica Korea Pharma. Co., Ltd.) to $RoAccutane^{(R)}$ soft capsule (Roche Korea Ind. Co., Ltd.) was conducted according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Thirty healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the isotretinoin dose of 60 mg in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study. There was one week wash-out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of isotretinoin were monitored by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for over a period of 48 hours after drug administration. $AUC_t$ (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 48 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. $C_{MAX}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{MAX}$ (time to reach $C_{MAX}$) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t\;and\;C_{MAX}$. No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{MAX}$ ratio for $Nimegen^{TM}/RoAccutane^{(R)}$ were $log0.860{\sim}log0.98\;and\;log0.85{\sim}log1.00$, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of $log0.80{\sim}log1.25$. Thus, our study demonstrated the bioequivalence of $Nimegen^{TM}\;and\;RoAccutane^{(R)}$ with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 저농도(약 1 ppm 이하)의 희토류가 함유되어 있는 산업폐수로부터 중희토류의 회수 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 PC88A를 이용한 중희토류 용매추출 거동을 확인하였다. 평형 pH, 추출제 농도, 추출 상비(A/O) 변화를 통해 PC88A에 의한 중희토류의 추출 거동을 확인하였고 $HNO_3$, HCl, $H_2SO_4$ 세 가지 무기산을 이용하여 탈거 거동을 확인하였다. 평형 pH 0에서 중희토류의 추출이 시작되었으며 평형 pH 1.0에서 중희토류의 추출이 95~100% 완료되었다. 모든 추출 조건에서 원자번호가 높은 물질부터 (Yb > Tm > Er > Dy > Nd > Pr > La) 우선적으로 추출되는 경향을 보였으며 추출 상비(A/O) 10/1일 때 Yb과 Tm이 최대로 농축되어 초기 농도 대비 각각 6배, 3배 증가하였다. 이 후 희토류의 탈거 거동을 확인하고자 희토류 원소가 추출된 유기상과 세가지 무기산을 각각 사용하여 비교하였고 $HNO_3$, $H_2SO_4$, HCl 순으로 최대 탈거율이 높게 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

Remote sensing cannot provide a direct measurement of vegetation index (VI) but it can provide a reasonably good estimate of vegetation index, defined as the ratio of satellite bands. The monitoring of vegetation in nearby urban regions is made difficult by the low spatial resolution and temporal resolution image captures. In this study, enhancing spatial resolution method is adapted as to improve a low spatial resolution. Recent studies have successfully estimated normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) using improved resolution method such as from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard EOS Terra satellite. Image enhancing spatial resolution is an important tool in remote sensing, as many Earth observation satellites provide both high-resolution and low-resolution multi-spectral images. Examples of enhancement of a MODIS multi-spectral image and a MODIS NDVI image of Cheongju using a Landsat TM high-resolution multi-spectral image are presented. The results are compared with that of the IHS technique is presented for enhancing spatial resolution of multi-spectral bands using a higher resolution data set. To provide a continuous monitoring capability for NDVI, in situ measurements of NDVI from paddy field was carried out in 2004 for comparison with remotely sensed MODIS data. We compare and discuss NDVI estimates from MODIS sensors and in-situ spectroradiometer data over Ochang plain region. These results indicate that the MODIS NDVI is underestimated by approximately 50%.