• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.110-115
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• 2023

The reaction of (COD)PdCl₂ with new C₃-symmetric tridentate L (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadien; L = 1,3,5-tris(picolinoyloxyethyl)cyanurate) in a mixture of acetone and dichloromethane produces single crystals consisting of unprecedented monometallacyclic [PdCl₂(L)]. This cyclic compound arises from trans-chelation of two of three donating pyridyl groups of L, while the third pyridyl group remains uncoordinated. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) data on L exhibited the major peak corresponding to [C₂₇H₂₄N₆O₉ + H⁺]⁺. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS) data on [PdCl₂(L)], however, showed the mass peak corresponding to the L instead of the present palladium(II) compound species, due to the insolubility and dissociation in solution. The physicochemical properties of the present palladium(II) compound were fully characterized by means of infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermal analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) measurement.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.205-210
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• 2010

The bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (=clavatus) Fabricius (Hemiptera: Alydidae) is a serious pest of soybean in many countries. It enters a reproductive diapause in the winter by short day length (<13.5 h.) in Korea and Japan. The combined effects of temperatures ($25^{\circ}C$ and $8^{\circ}C$) and day lengths (10L:14D and 14L:10D) upon the termination of the male's diapause were studied. The combinations are (1) HTLD = $25^{\circ}C$, 14L:10D treatment for 1, 2, 3 weeks and 30 days; (2) HTSD = $25^{\circ}C$, 10L:14D treatment for 1, 2, and 3 weeks; (3) LTLD$\rightarrow$HTLD = $8^{\circ}C$, 14L:10D treatment for 1, 2, and 3 weeks followed by HTLD treatment; (4) LTSD$\rightarrow$HTLD = $8^{\circ}C$, 10L:14D treatment for 1, 2, and 3 weeks followed by HTLD. The amount of aggregation pheromone components secreted was adopted as the criteria for diapause termination in males. Males did not secrete aggregation pheromone under HTSD conditions. However, the males treated with HTLD for more than 21 days secreted significantly higher amounts of aggregation components, (E)-2-hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoate and (E)-2-hexenyl (E)-2-hexenoate, compared to the control or HTSD treatments. The three components of the aggregation pheromone were secreted by the 14%, 29%, and 100% males treated with HTLD for 7 days, respectively. However more than 83% of the HTLD-treated males secreted all three components by the $30^{th}$ day under the treatment. In comparison, the pheromone amounts secreted by the males treated with LTLD$\rightarrow$HTLD or LTSD$\rightarrow$HTLD were equal or less than those secreted by males with continuous HTLD treatment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.555-559
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• 2020

In order to examine the toxicity of palatinose-L (Pal-L) bioconverted from sucrose, we performed a 14-consecutive day toxicity study with male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We recorded clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, organ weights, hematology, blood biochemical, urinalysis, histological changes in organs, such as the liver and kidneys, and clinical chemistry analysis data for all SD rats. There were no significant changes in food/water consumption, body weight, and organ weights during the experimental period. Although there were some hematologic and urinalysis alterations, these changes were not considered toxicologically significant. In addition, histopathological examination of the liver and kidneys revealed no abnormal or toxicological changes between the control and Pal-L-treated rats of both sexes. Collectively, these results suggest that Pal-L was not indicated to have any toxicity in the SD rats when it was orally administered up to a dose of 1,000 mg/kg/day for 14 days.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.465-469
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• 1986

This study was conducted to investigate the proper fertilizer application level and top-dressing method of Lycium chinense MILL in 1984 and 1985. The results obtained were summerized as follows; Stem length was 4cm longer, leaf area was 45-490$\textrm{cm}^2$ larger, dry matter weight per plant was 1.6-5g heavier and average yield of dry fruit of two years was higher as 183kg per l0a in double amount of potassium( 14kg/l0a) application than in standard level of potassium(7kg/l0a). Highly positive correlation was found between absorption amount of inorganic elements of phosporus(l%), nitrogen, potassium(5%) and dry matter weight. Proper fertilizer application level was 13.8kg(N), 14.2kg(P) and 14.3kg(K) per l0a. Dry fruit yield of top-dress-ing plot was 20% heigher than that of basal dressing plot through increase of leaf area per plant and dry matter weight per plant.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.378-381
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• 2001

In the batch culture experiments, the addition of $MnSO_4$, was examined in flask culture, and then the optimal amounts of $MnSO_4$ was investigated in 2.5- L jar-fermenter. As a results, 0.005% $MnSO_4$ was found to enhance the ARA yield of 1.14- fold. Also the addition of $KH_2PO_4_4$ was investigated in 2.5-L jar-fermenter and the ARA yield was enhanced 1.20-fold. Fed batch culture study shown a relatively high productivity of cell mass (62.1 g/L) and ARA content (12.0 g/L) when 14% ammonia solution were alternatively used to control the pH and nitrogen source in the cultivation period.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.212-217
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• 1997

A strain of Bacillus sp. WS-14 was isolated from soil. Medium optimization for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production by Bacillus sp. WS-14 was performed. Effect of various carbon sources on ${\beta}-mannanase$ production was investigated and locust bean gum was the most effective for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production. ${\beta}-mannanase$ activity and cell growth increased with increasing the concentration of locust bean gum, however, the amounts were not significant. Among nitrogen sources, soytone was the most effective for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production. Inorganic compounds such as $KH_2PO_4,\;NaCl\;Na_2CO_3\;and\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;on\;{\beta}-mannanase$ production were optimized for ${\beta}-mannanase$ production. Locust bean gum of 10.0 g/l, soytone of 5.0 g/l, $KH_2PO_4$ of 2.0 g/l, NaCl of 10.0 g/l, $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;of\;0.2\;g/l,\;Na_2CO_3$, of 2.0 g/l were selected as optimum content. Production of ${\beta}-mannanase$ by using the optimum medium was carried out. The maximum ${\beta}-mannanase$ activity of 20.8 unit/ml could be obtained after 14 h fermentation which corresponed to the productivity of ${\beta}-mannanase$ of 1.48 unit/ml-h.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to develop an effective separation and quantification method for kerosene and diesel in a mixed petroleum fuel (gasoline, kerosene, and diesel) contaminated environmental samples. This investigation was directed to prove the hypothesis that if the source of petroleum fuels were identical, the peak-area ratios of a reference n-alkane to other n-alkane peaks should be a constant even at the different concentrations. In addition, experimental recovery rates were determined to select the reference peaks of kerosene and diesel for peak area ratio measurements. The experimental results showed that the peak area ratios were constant among the samples having different concentrations when the ratios were calculated from areas of $C_{l3}$, $C_{l4}$, and $C_{15}$ peaks for kerosene and $C_{l6}$ and $C_{l7}$ peak for diesel as reference n-alkane peaks. The recovery rates were evaluated by comparing the relative peak area ratios of each reference peaks after making pairs of the kerosene and diesel reference peaks in the samples contained a known amount of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel. The recovery rates(%) Were 107.0$_{{\pm}20.6}$/86.6/ sub $\pm$15.9/ for kerosene- $C_{13}$/diesel- $C_{16}$, 99.6$\pm$$_{17.2}$/86.6$_{{\pm}15.9}$ for kerosene- $C_{14}$/diesel- $C_{16}$, 73.9/$\pm$14.4//86.6$_{{\pm}sub 15.9}$ for kerosene- $C_{15}$ /diesel- $C_{16}$, 109.4$_{{pm}0.8}$/75.9$_{{pm}4.7}$ for kerosene- $C_{13}$/diesel- $C_{17}$, 107.4$_{{pm}7.9}$/75.9$_{{pm}4.7}$ for kerosene- $C_{14}$/diesel- $C_{17}$, and 95.7$_{{pm}4.6}$ /75.9/$\pm$14.6//75.9$_{{pm$}4.7}$ for kerosene- $C_{15}$ /diesel- $C_{17.}$ The above experimental results confirm that all of the reference peak pairs of kerosene and diesel are applicable to the quantitative analysis for the mixed fuel contaminated samples, but the kerosene- $C_{15}$ /diesel- $C_{l7}$ peaks are recommended since the pair has a lower standard deviation than the other pairs.s..s.s.s..s..s.s.s.s.s.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.36-36
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• 1999

From January 1994 to April 1997, there was 15 survivals who was admitted to the department of internal medicine, Wonkwang Oriental Medicine' Hospital in Cheun-ju, after ingestion of paraquat, and treated with Oriental and western medicine therapy. For the patients, I investigated clinical symptoms, gastroduodenoscopy, intake by oral and parenteral route, and output by urine and stool, serum ALP, AST. ALT, Bilirubin, BUN, Creatinine level and urine analysis. On admission day, the LFT level was as follows. The serum mean ALP, AST, ALT, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin was 10.05${\pm}$2.75 KAU, 66.67${\pm}$9.88 IU／L, 43.80${\pm}$7.74 IU／L, 1.89${\pm}$1.22 ㎎／dl and 1.10${\pm}$1.14 ㎎／dl respectively. After that day, administered Gamdutang and checked the mean LFT level regullary. Until the 3rd day, the mean ALP, AST, ALT, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin level was 11.0l${\pm}$3.16 KAU, 56.47${\pm}$7.19 IU／L, 59.00${\pm}$7.57 IU／L, 2.54${\pm}$1.78 ㎎／dl, 1.64${\pm}$1.59 ㎎／dl respectively. From 4th day to 7th day, the mean ALP; AST, ALT, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin level was 12.51${\pm}$3.49 KAU, 77.85${\pm}$7.17 IU／L, 58.00${\pm}$9.09 IU／L, 2.54${\pm}$1.97 ㎎／dl, and 1.80${\pm}$1.81 ㎎／dl respectively. From 8th day to 10th day, the mean ALP, AST, ALT, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin level was 12.43${\pm}$3.14 KAU, 41.13${\pm}$6.49 IU／L, 50.40${\pm}$7.17 IU／L, 1.66${\pm}$1.90 ㎎／dl and 1.14${\pm}$1.50 ㎎／dl respectively. From 11th day to 14th day, the mean ALP, AST, ALT, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin level was 12.30${\pm}$3.25 KAU, 31.07${\pm}$3.85 IU／L, 43.33${\pm}$5.49 IU／L, 1.62${\pm}$1.95 ㎎／dl, 1.17${\pm}$1.71 ㎎／dl respectvely. On admission day, the mean RFT level as follows. Serum BUN and Creatinine level was 28.73${\pm}$5.19 ㎎／dl and 1.82${\pm}$1.27 ㎎／dl respectively. After that day, administered Gamdutang and checked the mean RFT level regullary. Until the 3rd day, the mean BUN and Creatinine level was 32.12${\pm}$5.65 ㎎／dl and 2.31${\pm}$0.45 ㎎／dl respectively. From 4th day to 7th day, the mean BUN and Creatinine level was 31.07${\pm}$5.47 ㎎／dl and 1.92${\pm}$0.79 ㎎／dl respectively. From 7th day to 10th day, the mean BUN and Creatinine level was 17.47${\pm}$3.57 ㎎／dl and 1.33${\pm}$0.59 ㎎／dl respectively. From 11th day to 14th day, the mean BUN and Creatinine level was 11,93${\pm}$3.16 ㎎／dl, 1.27${\pm}$0.38 ㎎／dl respectively.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.14-14
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• 1999

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2001