• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.256-259
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• 1992

The 14-membered tetraaza macrocyclic ligand 1,8-diethyl-5,12-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclote tradeca-4,11-diene(B) can be synthesized as its dihydroperchlorate salt by the one-pot reaction of 2-ethylaminoethylamine, methylvinyl ketone, and perchloric acid in absolute ethanol. The reaction of Ni(II) or Cu(II) ion and the salt yields $[M(B)]^{2+}$ (M = Ni(II) or Cu(II)), which reacts with $NaBH_4$ to produce $[M(D)]^{2+}$ (D = 1,8-diethyl-5,12-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclote tradecane). The complexes $[M(L)]^{2+}$ (L = B or D) have planar geometry and contain two ethyl groups at the donor nitrogen atoms of the ligands. The red solids $[Cu(B)](X)_2(X)$ = $ClO_4-$ or $PF_6^-$) react with water molecules of atmospheric moisture to produce the purple solids in which water molecules are coordinated to the metal ion. Synthesis, characterization, and the properties of the new N-ethylated macrocyclic ligands and their Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes are reported.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1998

Bifidobacterium spp.의 내 산소성기작을 밝히기 위하여, 산소에 민감한 B. adolescentis와 상대적으로 산소에 내성이 있는 B. longum을 선정하여 혐기적 조건, 미호기성 조건,호기성 배양 조건 등에서 그 생육,산화 효소들의 활성, 세포 지방산 조성의 변화 등을 연구하였다. B. adolescentis의 생육은 미 호기성 조건에서 민감하게 저해되었으나, B. longum은 같은 조건에서 혐기배양과 같은 정도의 생육을 유지하였다. 이들 조건에서 두 균주의 catalase는 관찰되지 않은 반면, superoxide dismutase는 B. adolescentis와 B. longum모두에서 관찰되었으며 어느 조건에서든 B. adolescentis은 B. longum보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다. NADH oxidase와 NADH peroxidase의 활성은 B. adolescentis에서는 매우 낮은 반면, B. longum에서는 일정한 수준의 활성을 보였으며, 이 활성은 혐기적 배양조건에서 보다는 미호기성 조건에서 3.7-11.4배 증가하였다. 세포의 지방산 분석 결과 두 균주 모두 $C_{l6:0}$과 $C_{l8:1}$이 전체 methylated성분 중 60-70%를 차지했다. B. longum에는 특히 $C_{l9:0 cyclo 9,10}$가 2-14% 함유되어 있었으며, 이는 lactobacillic acid와는 cylization 위치가 다른 cis 9, 10-methylene octadecanoic acid이었고 미호기적 배양과 정지기 세포에서 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 두 균주 모두 혐기균에서만 확인된 세포막의 plasmalogen의 존재로 인한 dimethyl acetals(DMA)을 함유하고 있었는데 이 중 $C_{l8:1}$ DMA는 호기성 조건에서 현저히 감소되었다. 산소 stress환경의 bifidobacteria의 생육에 있어 NADH oxidative enzymes은 중요한 역할을 하며, 이들 효소체계와는 별도로 환경에 적응하기 위한 세포구조적 변화의 일부로 지방산 $C_{l9:0}$ Cyclo와 plasmalogen의 $C_{l8:1}$ 등이 변화한 것으로 생각된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2019

Vitamin D dependent rickets type 1A (VDDR1A) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in CYP27B1. Clinical findings are growth retardation, hypotonia, muscle weakness, hypocalcemic seizures, and radiological features of rickets. We aimed to present the VDDR1A case with a genetic study of CYP27B1. The 14-month-old boy was admitted to the hospital due to a seizure. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH) vitamin D, and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D values were 5.1 mg/dL, 3.7 mg/dL, 705 IU/L, 429 pg/mL, 24.9 ng/mL, and 8.8 pg/mL, respectively. Radiological study showed cupping and fraying of the distal ulna and radius. The molecular genetic study revealed that the patient had a compound heterozygous mutation, $Phe443Profs^*24$ and c.589+1G>A, in CYP27B1. Genetic analysis of the family members presented that the mother was heterozygous for the mutation c.589+1G>A, and that the father was heterozygous for $Phe443Profs^*24$. The patient was treated with calcium lactate and calcitriol. Until now, six Korean patients with VDDR1A have been studied. Including this case, Korean patients with VDDR1A were found to have only three different mutations in 14 alleles, indicating that the mutation in the CYP27B1 gene is homogeneous in the Korean population.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2008

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of type-2 diabetes and obesity. To search for new types of PTP1B inhibitors, we have undertaken in vitro enzyme assay for some anthraquinones and stilbenes isolated from plants. Of the anthraquinones tested, physcion (1), 1-O-methylemodin (2), and emodin (3) showed high activities, with $IC_{50}$ values of 7.6, 7.0, and $3.8{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, while the anthraquinone glycosides, physcion-8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (4) and emodin-8- O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (5), were less active than their aglycones. All the stilbenens (6 - 15) slightly inhibited PTP1B activity at high concentration of $30{\mu}g/mL$. Our findings suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of anthraquinones may be associated with their PTP1B inhibitory activity.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2017

DEAE sephacel anion chromatography 및 SP sepharose cation chromatography에 의해 Streptomyces violaceoruber 유래 alginate lyase의 정제를 수행하여 비활성 14.59 units/mL 정제배율 40.64배를 나타내었다. Tricine SDS-PAGE에 의한 단일밴드를 확인하였고, 분자량은 23.3 kDa으로 결정되었다. 정제효소에 의해 sodium alginate를 가수분해하여 1차 activated carbon column chromatography와 2차 bio gel P-2 gel filtration에 의해 당가수분해물을 분리 회수하여 TLC와 FACE를 통해 중합도를 확인하고 Timell's method에 의해 hetero type M/G-oligosaccharide 중합도 6, 8로 결정되었다. B. animalis, B. bifidum, B. breve, B. infantis, B. longum와 L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. reuteri에 생육활성에 대한 중합도 6, 8의 영향을 검토하기 위하여 modified-MRS media에 탄소원으로 중합도 6, 8를 대체하여 생육활성을 비교한 결과 B. longum에서는 D.P. 6 M/G-oligosaccharide를 탄소원으로 대체한 경우 표준 MRS배지와 비교하여 4.25배, D.P. 8에서 6.44배의 상대활성을 나타내어 가장 우수한 생육활성을 나타내었으며, B. bifidum의 경우에서도 D.P. 6에서 3.27배, D.P. 8에서 5.4배의 상대활성을 나타내었다. 이외에도 B. animalis, B. breve그리고 L. casei에 있어서도 D.P. 8의 경우 3배의 상대활성을 나타내었으나, L. reuteri에 대한 D.P. 8의 경우에서는 표준 MRS media와 비교하여 0.29배로 감소하였다. 결과적으로 D.P. 8의 올리고당이 D.P. 6의 올리고당보다 생육활성에 크게 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2012

팔라듐이 코팅된 $V_{99.8}B_{0.2}$ 합금 분리막을 통해 sweep 가스를 사용하지 않고 수소 투과 시 혼합가스의 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 분리막은 $400^{\circ}C$에서 sweep 가스를 사용하지 않고 순수 수소, 수소/이산화탄소, 수소/일산화탄소의 혼합가스를 1.5~8.0 bar의 압력으로 실험하였다. Sweep 가스를 사용하지 않고 수소만을 공급한 투과 실험에서 팔라듐 코팅된 $V_{99.8}B_{0.2}$ 합금 분리막(두께 : 0.5 mm)의 수소 투과량은 $40.7mL/min/cm^2$였다. 또한 수소/이산화탄소를 공급한 투과실험에서 $V_{99.8}B_{0.2}$ 합금 분리막의 수소 투과량은 $21.4mL/min/cm^2$였다. 수소/이산화탄소 및 수소/일산화탄소 혼합가스를 각각 공급할 때 투과량은 압력에 상관없이 수소 분압 감소 만큼 감소하였고 모든 경우 Sievert 법칙을 잘 만족시켰다. 투과 후 분리막의 XRD, SEM/EDX 결과로부터 $V_{99.8}B_{0.2}$ 합금 분리막은 여러 혼합가스에 대해 안정성과 내구성이 우수하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제48권7호
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• pp.523-533
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 광정횡월류위어 설치 예정지 하류쪽 본류 흐름내에 소규모 보를 설치하는 경우, 위어의 월류량 개선효과를 수리실험을 통해 확인하였다. 위어는 선행연구를 통해 월류량 소통능력이 가장 우수한 것으로 확인된 1 : 1 사다리꼴 형상의 광정횡월류위어를 사용하였다. 위어높이와 수로높이는 각각 0.06 m와 0.2 m이고, 예비실험을 통해 보의 높이를 광정횡월류위어높이의 1/3인 0.02 m로 결정하였다. 하류쪽에 설치되는 보가 위어로 부터 떨어지는 거리에 대한 보의 높이의 비($B_h/L_b$)가 0.05, 0.025, 0.0167인 경우 월류량의 변화를 분석하였다. 보의 위치가 위어에 가까울수록 단위폭당 월류량이 많아졌으며, 각 8.1%, 5.4% 및 3.9% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 기존의 광정횡월류위어 유량계수식에 $B_h/L_b$를 매개변수로 추가하여 새로운 유량계수식을 제시하였다. 또한 선행연구 및 기존 연구자들의 실험자료와 본 실험의 연구자료를 비교하였으며, 측정된 월류량과 계산된 월류량을 비교하여 새롭게 제안하는 유량계수식의 적용성을 확인하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2004

The 2-amino-l-phenylpropanols 4∼7 were reacted with isothiocyanates to afford the 20 thioureido MAPP derivatives 8a∼11e, which were tested their cytotoxic activity by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of alkylthioureido compounds were increased and decreased by alkyl chain length from $C_{8}$ to $C_{14}$ and of phenylthioureido compounds showed poor activity. The compounds (8b, 8c, 9b, 9c, l0b, 10c, 11b, 11c) with $C_{10}$ and $C_{12}$ alkyl chains gave stronger activity than reference compound B13. The $IC_{50}$/ of compound 8c was 1.05$\mu$M and 3 times stronger activity than B13. The stereochemistry of synthesized compounds affected very little to cytotoxic activity.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.787-796
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• 1996

The biodegradation experiment, the TOD analysis and the element analysis for dispersant, Bunker-A oil and Bunker-B oil were conducted to study the biodegradation characteristics of a mixture of Bunker-A oil with dispersant and a mixture of Bunker-B oil with dispersant in the seawater. The results of biodegradation experiment showed 1mg of dispersant to be equivalent to 0.26 mg of $BOD_5$ and to 0.60 mg of $BOD_{20}$ in the natural seawater. The results of TOD analysis showed each 1 mg of dispersant, Bunker-A oil and Bunker-B oil to be equivalent to 2.37 mg, 2.94 mg and 2.74 mg of TOD, respectively. The results of element analysis showed carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus contents of dispersant to be $82.1\%,\;13.8\%,\;1.8\%\;and\;2.2\%$, respectively. Carbon and hydrogen contents of Bunker-A oil were found to be $73.3\%\;and\;13.5\%$, respectively, and carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contents of Bunker-B oil to be $80.4\%,\;12.3\%\;and\;0.7\%$, respectively. Accordingly, the detection of nitrogen and phosphorus in dispersant shows that dispersants should be used with caution in coastal waters, with relation to eutrophication. The biodegradability of dispersant expressed as the ratio of $BOD_5/TOD$ was found to be $11.0\%$. As the mix ratios of dispersant to Bunker-A oil (3 mg/l) and a mixture of Bunker-B oil (3mg/l) were changed from 1 : 10 to 5 : 10, the biodegradabilities of a mixture of Bunker-A oil with dispersant and Bunker-B oil with dispersant increased from $2.1\%\;to\;7.2\%$ and from $1.0\%\;to\;4.4\%$, respectively. Accordingly, the dispersant belongs to the organic matter group of middle-biodegradability while mixtures in the mix ratio range of $1:10\~5:10$ belong to the organic matter group of low-biodegradability. The deoxygenation rate constant $(K_1)$ and ultimate biochemical oxygen demand $(L_0)$ obtained from the biodegradation experiment and Thomas slope method were found to be 0.125/day and 2.487 mg/l for dispersant (4 mg/l), respectively. $K_1\;and\;L_0$, were found to be $0.079\~0.131/day$ and $0.318\~2.052\;mg/l$ for a mixture of Bunker-A oil with dispersant and to be $0.106\~0.371/day$ and $0.262\~1.106\;mg/l$ for a mixture of Bunker-B oil with dispersant, respectively, having $1:10\~5:10$ mix ratios of dispersant to Bunker-A oil and Bunker-B oil. The ultimate biochemical oxygen demands of the mixtures increased as the mix ratio of dispersant to Bunker-A, B oils changed from 1 : 10 to 5 : 10. This suggests that the more dispersants are applied to the sea for the cleanup of Bunker-A oil or Bunker-B oil, the more decreases the dissolved oxygen level in the seawater.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 1985

In order to analyze the water quality in artificial lakes in Chonnam area, a chemical and biological examination of Dongbock Lake and Changsung Lake was conducted from September to December 1983 and May 1984. A summary of the surveyed results is as follows 1. In Dongbock Lake, pH ranged from 7.2-8.1, D.O.: 8.2-12.6mg/l, B.O.D.: 4.4-22.1 mg/l, C.O.D.: 1.0-3.4rag/l, Cl$^-$: 5.9-11.9mg/l, Total-P: 0.001-0.071 mg/l, and Total -N: 0.016-0.697 mg/l, respectively. 2. In Changsung Lake, pH ranged from 7.2-8.1, D.O.: 8.1-9.8mg/l, B.O.D.: 0.9-2.9mg/l, C.O.D.: 1.9-3.4mg/l. Total- P: 0.006-0.016mg/l and Total -N:0.006-0.033mg/l, respectively. 3. The Phytoplankton identified in this investigation were distributed in a total of 46 genera and 76 spedes in Dongbock Lake 37 genera and 45 species in Changsung Lake. 4. In Dongbock Lake, it was found that the dominant algae were Melosira sp., Microcystis sp. and Synedra sp. in September Melosira sp. and Microcytis sp. in October, but Cymbella sp., Naviculla sp. and Nitzschis sp. were also observed in OctoberAsterionella sp., Melosira sp. and Microsystis sp. in November and Melosira sp., Asterionella sp sp. and Synedra sp. in December 1983. 5. In Changsung Lake, it was found that the dominant algae were Melosira sp., Lyngrbya sp. and Microcystis in September Melosira sp. and Synedra sp. in October and November and Melosira sp., Lyngbya sp. and Asterionella sp. in December 1983. The dominant algae were Melosira sp., Lyngbya sp. and Euglena sp. in May 1984. 6. It was found that the dominant algae in both Dongbock and Changsung Lakes were Microcystis sp., Melosira sp. and Asterionella sp.. Which are strongly related with water-bloom. Therefore, it could be suggested that the eutrophication phenomena is going to occur very easily in Dongbock Lake and possibly in Changsung Lake.