• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1997

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) 생합성의 $C_5$ 경로의 전구물질인 L-glutamic acid가 Rhodospirillum rubrum N-1 새포내에서 ALA 생산의 역할을 검토하였다. Lascelles의 기본배지에 L-glutamic acid와 levulinic acid (LA)를 각각 30, 20 mM 첨가배양으로써 균체외 ALA 생산성이 40배 증가(76 mg/l)하였다. 한편 $C_4$ 경로의 기질인 glycine과 succinic acid를 대수기 중기에 각각 60 mM 첨가함으로써, 균의 증식은 억제되었으나 균체외의 ALA는 52 mg/l에 달하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.210-217
• /
• 1992

토양으로부터 ${\delta}-aminolevulinic$ acid(ALA)의 생산성이 우수한 광합성세균 KUP-74f주를 분리하여 균학적 성질을 검토한 결과 이 균주는 Rhodocyclus gelatinosus로 동정되었다. 균의 배양은 $30^{\circ}C$, pH 6.8, 4Klux 텅스텐 광조도하에서 혐기적 정치배양하였으며, 배양 10일 후의 균체외 ALA 생산량은 5mg/l이었다. L-Glutamic acid를 제외한 Lascelles의 기본배지에 glycerol 0.5%(v/v)를 첨가 배양함으로써 ALA는 8 mg/l까지 증가하였으며, glycine과 succinic acid를 각 10 mM 첨가 배양함으로써 12 mg/l의 ALA가 생산되었다. 30 mM glutathione(redo-cod)의 첨가배양에 의하여 ALA 생산은 저하 되었으며, D,L-glutamic acid 및 D,L-glutamine에 의하여 ALA 생산이 late induction 되어 최고 21 mg/1에 이르렀다. ALA의 최대 생산량에 소요되는 배양시간은 ALA 생합성에 관한 $C_4$, $C_5$ pathways의 precursors 첨가시 각각 107 시간과 262시간이었다. 기본배지에 10 mM levulinic acid(LA)와 10 mM glycine을 동시에 첨가 배양함으로써 ALA 생산량은 40mg/l로 증가하였다.

• 식품과학과 산업
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2017

monosodium L-glutamate (MSG), composed of 88% L-glutamic acid (GLU) and 12% Na, is considered as Generally Recognized as Safe. GLU is accounting for 15% of the total amino acid content in our body. Daily GLU intake is large 3.5-10.6 g from food and 1.3 g from food additive. The daily formed GLU in the body, via degradation of the total protein, is 48-50 g (70 kg of male) and the maintained GLU in the body is total bound GLU (1.4-2.0 kg) and free GLU (10 g). About 88% GLU are consumed at digestive tract, and only 12% GLU enter the blood stream. GLU is generally known to precursors of N-acetyl glutamate and glutamine, substrates for protein synthesis, a neurotransmitter (GABA), and the active site of the enzyme. In addition to protein synthesis, GLU has these key functions within the body, thus this amino acid is critical for healthy body maintenance and function.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.492-496
• /
• 1986

환원탈지유배지에서 자란 Lactobacillus helveticus YM-1의 cell-free filtrate로부터 Streptococcus thermophilus CH-1의 생육촉진을 확인한 결과 이 물질은 분자량이 5,000정도의 peptide로 나타난다. 이 peptide 중에는 aspartic acid, Iysine, proline, leucine, valine, alanine, glutamic acid등의 amino산이 비교적 풍부하였으며, 그중에서 glutamic acid 함량이 가장 높았다. 또 이 Peptide가 생육 촉진효과 나타내는데 가장 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것은 glutamic acid와 Phenylalanine으로 판단되었다.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 1987

For the amino-N -ratio and N- solubity, irradiated samples were higher than non - irradiated them, that is, 15KGy(l9, 72), 7KGy(l9, 55) of amino-N-ratio were more those of 5KGy(17. 91) and l0KGy(l8, 06). during the fermentation of samples. For the Solubility of nitrogen, irradiated samples were decreased sequencely, such as 10KGy, 7KGy, 15KGy and 5KGy. For the amounts of amino acid, Content of the glutamic acid was the highest in the all samples and the main free amino acids in the Steamed Soybeans Were glutamic acid, proline, arginine, and alanine etc. However the amount of amino acid in the irradiated Sample was notably increased in Comparison with the nonirradiated $(10.8017\%)$ and 7KGy amino acid $(15.4166\%)$ was highest.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.357-362
• /
• 2005

Poly-${\gamma}$-glutamic acid (${\gamma}-PGA$), which is extracted from fermented soybeans, is a high molecular weight, adhesive, and negatively charged(anionic) polymer. Recently, ${\gamma}-PGA$ has gained attention due to its potential as polymer. The objectives of this study were to examine the applicability of ${\gamma}-PGA$ as a coagulant and/or a coagulant aid, to evaluate the efficiency of ${\gamma}-PGA$ for the removal of Organic and Ammonium substance in wastewater treatment. The effect of coagulation was evaluated for the removal of SS and organic matter using poly aluminum chloride(PACI) as well as newly developed ${\gamma}-PGA$. The maximum COD removal rate of 63% and the SS of 78% were occurred at the dosage of 50mg/L ${\gamma}-PGA$ only. The most effective removal for particulate and organic matter was occured when both PACI and ${\gamma}-PGA$ were applied at the rate of 20:1(10mg/L PACI and 0.5mg/L ${\gamma}-PGA$). When mixed with PACI, only small portion of ${\gamma}-PGA$ was enough to improve removal efficiencies of organic and particulate matter in wastewater. This result showed the positive potential of ${\gamma}-PGA$ as a new coagulant materials for wastewater treatment.

• 식품보건융합연구
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2023

In this study, we tried to compare and analyze the taste components of Korean Ganjang made by a conventional method on a small scale and aged for 3 years and brewed Ganjang produced by a large company. As a result of the study, a total of 22 types of free amino acids in liver were detected. The main amino acids of Korean Ganjang were glutamic acid, lysine, serine, citrulline, alanine, and leucine, then, the main amino acids of brewed Ganjang were leucine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, valine, serine, alanine. The content of glutamic acid in the composition of free amino acid was 12133.69 mg/mL, more than twice as much as that of Korean Ganjang. The content of leucine (bitter taste) was 5933.37 mg/mL of brewed Ganjang, which was 2.9 to 7 times higher than that of Korean Ganjang. Overall, the content of glass amino acids with savory, sweet, and bitter flavors was found to be very high in brewed Ganjang (BGS) than in Korean Ganjang (KAS, KBS, and KCS). On the other hand, GABA was 456.43 mg/mL for Korean Ganjang KBS, 3.3 times higher than brewed Ganjang. Brewed Ganjang had higher glucose content, inorganic content, iron (Fe), organic acid lactic acid and acetic acid content than Korean Ganjang. Korean Ganjang was found to contain high saturated fatty acids, calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na).

• 약학회지
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 1998

5-Aminosalicyl-L-aspartic acid (5-ASA-Asp) and 5-aminosalicyl-L-glutamic acid (5-ASA-Glu) were synthesized as new colon-specific prodrugs of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), their apparent partition coefficients, and the extent of conversion in the homogenates of tissue and contents of various G.I. Tract segments of rats were evaluated. These prodrugs were stable in the homogenate of tissue and contents of stomach, proximal small intestine (PSI) or distal small intestine (DSI). Release of 5-ASA from 5-ASA-Asp after incubation with the cecal and colonic contents for 8hrs at $37^{\circ}C$ was 18%, and 8%, respectively. No significant conversion of prodrug was observed in the cecal and colonic contents of rats pretreated with kanamycin sulfate, which indicated that microbial enzymes were responsible for the cleavage of these prodrugs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.565-567
• /
• 1995

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 1992

Saccharomyces속 효모를 사용하여 미강을 배지로 하여 에탄올을 발효특성을 조사하였다. 액화효소와 당화효소를 전처리한 미강에서 여러 Saccharomyces속 효모들을 배양한 결과 Saccharomyces cerevisiae IFO 2346이 높은 에탄올 생성 및 유리아미노산 함량을 나타내었다. 균체성장은 발효 24시간에 $3\times 10^8$cell/ml로 증가하였으며, 발효 72시간후 4.7의 에탄올을 생성하였다. 유리아미노산 총량은 발효과정중 1,099mg/l에서 829mg/l로 감소하였으나, glutamic acid, histidine 및 isoleucine은 오히려 각각 218%, 31%5 및 1%48로 증가하였다.