• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.97-116
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• 2013

최근 들어 이런 환경문제와 관련된 가장 큰 특징은 선진국들을 중심으로 무역과 환경을 연계시키려는 움직임이 나타나고 있다는 것이다. 기후변화협약체제는 단순히 환경문제에만 국한되지 않는다. 경제활동에 있어 주요 동력원인 화석연료에 대한 규제는 곧 생산활동에 대한 규제로 직결되기 때문에 경제 및 무역에 미치는 영향은 지대한 것이다. 우리나라는 무역의존도가 매우 높으나 환경기준은 선진국에 비해 매우 낮기 때문에 환경문제가 무역과 연계가 강화된다면 우리나라 경제는 상당히 악영향을 받을 수밖에 없을 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기후변화협약체제가 무역에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 살펴보고, 우리나라의 대응방안을 체계적으로 수립하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 위하여 무역과 환경문제와의 상호관계를 살펴보고, 기후변화협약과 교토의정서의 무역관련 연계에 관해 분석하여 우리나라의 대응방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.297-324
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• 2008

온실가스의 배출이 늘어남에 따라 세계 기후도 변화하고 있다. 특히 이산화탄소는 배출량이 가장 높은 인위적인 온실가스로 1970년에서 2004년 사이 전체 온실가스 방출량의 80%를 차지할 정도였다. 유엔기후변화협약의 부속의정서인 교토의정서의 제안에 따라 온실가스 배출량 세계 2위인 EU는 자체적으로 배출권 거래제도를 실시하며 탄소 배출량 감축에 적극적으로 나서고 있다. 본 연구에서는 탄소 배출권 거래제도 시행의 모범이 되고 있는 EU의 배출권 거래제도와 배출권 거래시장을 중심으로 EU의 배출량 감축 정책 및 현재까지의 감축 결과를 살펴보았다. 2단계에 걸쳐 진행되는 EU의 배출권 거래제도는 현재 1단계를 거쳐 2008년부터 2단계가 발효되고 있다. 현재까지 EU의 배출권 거래 제도는 성공적이라 할 수 있을 만큼 탄소 배출량이 감소하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 EU의 성공적인 정책의 고찰을 통해 배출량 감소 이행국에서 제외된 국가들의 향후 감축의무 부과에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 농업기술회보
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.25-26
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• 2011

교토의정서(Kyoto Protocol) 기후변화협약에 따른 온실가스 감축에 관한 의정서. 1997년 교토에서 열린 유엔기후변화협약 당사국 총회에서 채택. 선진국은 2008~2012년 사이에 온실가스 배출량을 1990년 배출량 대비 평균 5.2% 감축토록 규정. 한국은 의무감축 대상국이 아니며 미국은 교토의정서를 비준하지 않았음.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.420-421
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• 2006

The cost-effective reduction of greenhouse gas(GHG) emission to avert the most severe impacts of climate change remains one of the widely accepted priorities for global action. In order to facilitate cost-effective abatement strategies, the Kyoto Protocol introduced three mechanisms, or flexible instruments, the Emissions Trading(ET), the Joint Implementation(JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism(CDM). The CDM enables Annex I countries to the Kyoto Protocol to partially meet cost-effectively their emission reduction commitments by undertaking GHG mitigation Projects in developing countries, which do not have any GHG abatement obligations and where the emission reductions are cheaper. One of the major barriers hampering the wide spread implementation of CDM is the high transaction costs associated with the initial identification of promising CDM projects. This paper presents development of a pre-validation program of CDM. The developed program may provide a useful aid to potential investors and project developers as a supportive pre-evaluation tool, and may become an effective tool for the promotion of renewable energy and fuel switching projects.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2009년 학술대회 논문집 2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2009

Japan is one of the major forest-rich countries in the world with two thirds of its national territory covered with forests. The various functions of forests, including the prevention of global warming, conservation of national land, recharging of water resources, and maintenance of biotic diversity, play an important role in our safe, secure, and comfortable living. With the increasing national expectations on the role of forests to contribute to the prevention of global warming and "Accelerating forest carbon-sink measures to achieve Kyoto Protocol Commitment", it is necessary to make efforts toward a large-scale forest regeneration in order to secure an absorption of 13 million carbon tons through forest carbon sink for the achievement of the target of six percent reduction under the Kyoto Protocol. Most importantly, however, is to accelerate the measures for forests as absorption sources, including thinning and other forestry management activities. However, there is a situation, among others, where thinning is not implemented properly due to the decreased willingness of forest owners to manage forests, because of the long-term low demand for domestic lumber and lumber prices. In addition, forestry workers are aging and decreasing in number. Thus, the circumstances surrounding forestry are severe. It is necessary for the protection of our precious forests to make efforts to create and maintain forests with activities that involve citizens such as the "National Movement for Utsukushii Mori Zukuri(Fostering Beautiful Forests)".

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.355-379
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• 2007

With the effectuation of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol in 2005, ever growing concern on the importance of overseas forestation is diffusing worldwide. However, fierce international competition to secure overseas forestation sites, inherent uncertainty in UNFCCC or overseas forestation projects, and imbalances among policies on overseas natural resources development make it difficult to realize Korean long-term overseas forestation objective to secure 1 million ha by 2050. In view of necessity of overseas forestation projects for sustainable forest management and securing sinks of carbon to mitigate climate change, various efforts to reform current Korean overseas forestation systems are required. This study suggests several alternatives to improve current Korean overseas forestation systems including expanding financial support for overseas forestation projects, cultivating overseas forestation experts, establishing official organization for overseas forestation, constructing effective support system for overseas forestation projects, fostering international cooperation in the field of forest resources, and so on. Many theoretical, empirical or policy-oriented studies on the influences of UNFCCC and countermeasures on it in various Korean industries should follow this study.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2009

교토 프로토콜이 2008년 발효됨에 따라, 온실가스를 감소시키기 위한 다양한 옵션들이 검토되고 있다. 그 중 전력산업의 발전부문은 온실가스를 배출하는 주요 원인으로서, 향후 온실가스 배출감소를 위한 노력이 요구되고 있다. 발전부문에서 석탄화력 부문은 특히 배출가스가 많은 발전원으로서 저렴한 발전원가로 인해 현재의 전원구성에서 차지하는 비중이 높은데, 배출가스 부문에 대한 규제가 강화되고, 이러한 요소가 비용화 될수록 타 발전원으로의 점진적인 대체가 요구된다. 본 논문은 전원구성 변화에 의한 배출권거래의 경제적 효과를 분석하고, 이러한 배출권 제약조건을 고려한 최적 전원구성을 산출하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2009

Forests potentially contribute to global climate change through their influence on the global carbon (C) cycle. The Kyoto Protocol provides for the involvement of developing countries in an atmospheric greenhouse gas reduction regime under its Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Carbon credits are gained from reforestation and afforestation activities in developing countries. Bangladesh, a densely populated tropical country in South Asia, has a huge degraded forestland, which can be reforested by CDM projects. To realize the potential of the forestry sector in developing countries like Bangladesh for full-scale emission mitigation, the carbon sequestration potential should be integrated with the carbon trading system under the CDM of the Kyoto Protocol. This paper discusses the prospects of carbon trading in Bangladesh, in relation to the CDM, in the context of global warming.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2012

The United Nations (UN) has tried to make international agreement to restrict artificial greenhouse gas emissions and the UN has concluded the UN Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto protocol. Moreover, in 2012, the European Union announced that they will enforce the Directive 2008/101/EC. Therefore, after 2012, aircraft carriers that depart or arrive from EU will follow that regulation. For these reasons, Korea should prepare systematic and effective policy to reduce greenhouse gas emission from aviation activities. The purpose of this study is to find out effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission from aviation activities through research by countries all over the world. Here are the 4 measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission from Aviation activities that were found through research UK and Japan's policies. First, Korea should implement aggressive incentive policies. Providing proper incentive can attract voluntary participation of aircraft carriers to reduce greenhouse gas emission. Second, the government should adopt environmental tax on use of fossil fuels. Third, Korea should adopt the greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Lastly, the Korea government should pull in with the international community to establish world-wide environmental policies.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2015

This study has aimed to compare an emission trading system (ETS) in the EU and Japan that introduced the scheme prior to Korea and provided the latter with a benchmarking model. Especially, the EU has a reputation for its well-organized and evolving system, and Japan has also successfully established the system despite its similar condition with Korea, such as an industrial structure and the degree of energy dependence. However, there are noticeable differences between the EU and Japan in their ETS. Whereas Japan has focused on securing certifications in CDM as the implementation of Kyoto protocol, EU has shown a tendency to transform the trading market from a parallel structure of EUA and CER transaction to only the EUA transaction after ending of 1st commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. Since the differences were mainly caused by not only in a design of the system but also in internal governance and their national circumstance, it is meaningful to analyse the Korean case with a similar framework. This study may contribute to designing an appropriate system for emission trading in Korea through the comparison of the EU and Japanese case.