• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-99
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• 2003

Geostatistics is defined as the theory of modeling of regionalized variables and is an efficient and elegant methodology for estimation and uncertainty evaluation from limited spatial sample data. In this study, we have made a theoretical comparison between kriging estimation and geostatistical simulation methods. Kriging methods do not preserve the histogram of original data nor their spatial structure, and also provide only an incomplete measure of uncertainty when compared to the simulation methods. A practical procedure of geostatistical simulation is suggested in this study and the technique is demonstrated through an application, in which it was used to identify the spatial distribution of RMR as well as to evaluate the spatial uncertainty. It is concluded that the geostatistical simulation is the appropriate method to quantify the spatial uncertainty of geotechnical variables such as RMA. Therefore, the results from the simulation can be used as useful information for designer's considerations in decision-making under various geological conditions as well as the related terms of contract.