• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.246-250
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• 2017

This study was performed to investigate the quality characteristics of noodles made from four different potato varieties: Atlantic, Go-un, Sae-bong, Jin-sun, and wheat flour. Quality characteristics of five noodles were analyzed by general components analysis, cooking quality (rate of water absorption, cooking loss, and volume increase), and mechanical textural properties. Some variations existed in wheat- or potato-based noodles for the general components analysis, but no clear trend was observed. Higher values in the rates of water absorption, cooking loss, and volume increase were observed for the wheat flour noodle, while some variations were observed for potato noodles depending on the variety. The wheat flour noodles exhibited higher values of textural characteristics obtained from the texture profile analysis, except for adhesiveness. Higher gluten contents as well as lower ash contents in the wheat flour noodles compared to the potato noodles are thought to be the two key factors contributing to this finding.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2006

The quality characteristics of cookies containing black rice flour, which has a greater variety of functional components than wheat flour, were studied. The results of the pasting properties shows that the inclusion of black rice flour to the wheat flour-mixture did not affect the pasting temperature but increased the enthalpy, indicating that more energy is needed for the starch gelatinization. The total dietary fiber and total polyphenol content increased and the cookies color became darker and deeper with increasing black rice flour content. According to the results from TA on texture, the hardness decreased and the crispness increased significantly (both, p<0.001) with increasing black rice flour content. From the acceptance test, the appearance, aroma and texture of the cookies with added black rice flour were significantly (p<0.001) lower than those of the wheat flour cookies. However, the taste and overall acceptance of the cookies with added black rice (lour did not differ significantly from those of the wheat flour cookies. According to the results from the sensory evaluation, the aroma, black rice flavor, crispness, graininess and color(gray-violet) of the cookies increased significantly(p<0.001) with increasing black rice flour content and those of the cookies with 30% black rice flour had the highest values among the cookies which weren't significantly different from those of the cookies with 20% black rice flour. From the above results, the optimal ratio for the addition of black rice flour to the cookies was 10% from the viewpoint of the sensory evaluation and functional components.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.1474-1481
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• 2011

부드러운 식감을 선호하는 소비자들의 기호에 맞는 맞춤형 우리밀 파스타 제조의 일환으로 durum wheat rimachinata에 우리밀가루 0, 15, 30, 45 및 60%를 대체하여 제조한 파스타의 물리 화학적 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 입도분포는 우리밀이 250 ${\mu}M$ 이하의 작은 입자가 전체의 87.03%를 차지하며, durum rimachinata는 250 ${\mu}M$ 이상이 68.70%를 나타내었다. 일반성분은 durum rimachinata에서 단백질과 회분이 각각 13.84${\pm}$0.03, 0.70${\pm}$0.02로 우리밀보다 높게 나타났다. 반죽의 farinograph 특성은 우리밀의 대체량이 증가할수록 수분흡수율은 증가하고 반죽형성시간은 높게 나타났고, 안정도와 연화도는 증가하였다. Amylograph 특성은 우리밀의 대체량이 증가할수록 호화개시온도는 상승하고, 최고점도는 감소하였으나 우리밀 30% 대체까지는 550 B.U. 이상으로 면류제품의 물성변화에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 조리특성은 우리밀 대체량 15% 미만에서 중량, 부피, 수분흡수율, 탁도 및 조리손실율이 대조구와 유사하여 부드럽고, 탄력성이 있는 파스타 면을 만들 수 있었다. 색도는 우리밀 대체량이 증가할수록 L값과 a값은 증가하였고, b값은 감소하였다. 물성측정 결과 조리면의 경도 및 점착성은 우리밀 대체 30% 이상에서 낮은 값을 나타내었으며, 탄력성, 검성, 씹힘성은 높은 값을 나타내었다. 전반적인 기호도는 대조구가 가장 높게 나타났으나 우리밀 대체 45% 이상에서 높은 기호도를 나타내었다. 따라서 우리밀을 대체한 파스타의 제조시 반죽 및 조리특성에서는 우리밀 15% 대체수준이 적합하나 조리된 파스타의 기계적 물성측정 및 관능평가 결과에서는 30% 대체 이상에서 높게 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2001

This study investigated the quality characteristics of yeast breads with addition of hot air-dried yam powder (HDYP) and freeze-dried yam powder (FDYP), using several physical and sensory examinations. Breads were made of imported wheat flour (IWF) or Korean wheat flour (KWF). HDPY and FDYP were added to the bread formula at three levels of 3, 5, and 7%. The addition of yam powders required an increase of water absorption. As the addition of HDYP/FDYP increased, IWF dough stickiness increased and thus handling property became inferior to the control. Especially, handling property of KWF bread dough containing FDYP was most poor among the dough samples. With HDYP/FDYP, final volumes of bread made from IWF were similar to the control when 3~5% HDYPs were added whereas loaf volumes decreased significantly as the amount of added FDYP increased, indicating volume depressing effect. In bread scoring, texture scores increased when yam powders were added that hardness, chewiness, cohesiveness and guminess of KWF bread increased as the amounts of yam powders increased. The "L" value of IWF bread crumb decreased with the addition of yam powders. From sensory evaluation using acceptability scores, the results gave us that appearance, grain, texture, flavor, taste and overall acceptability of KWF bread could be more improved with the addition of yam powders than those of IWF bread.IWF bread.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.766-773
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to make rice pie, a bakery item, to enhance use of rice flour and analyze quality characteristics of rice pie by adding roasted peanut flour and peanut sprout flour. Water content of rice pie adding roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is lower than that of wheat pie. The pH of rice pie is lower than that of wheat pie, and pH becomes higher when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added. Density of dough is lower in rice pie than in wheat pie, and when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added, rice pie reveals higher density. Loss rate is higher in rice pie than in wheat pie, and when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added, rice pie reveals lower loss rate. When roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added to rice pie, its brightness (L) and yellowness (b) decrease, while redness (a) increases. Hardness is higher in pie made of rice powder than in wheat pie, and when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added, hardness becomes lower. Regarding composition of fatty acids in rice pie, saturated fatty acids observed are myristic acids, palmitic acids, and stearic acids. Monounsaturated fatty acids found are mainly oleic acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids detected are linoleic acids, and are found more in pie made of rice powder, than in wheat pie.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.385-393
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• 2014

This study investigated both the chemical and antioxidative characteristics of wheat flour added with 10, 20 and 30% immature chalssalbori flour; further, the quality characteristics of bread dough during yeast fermentation were assessed. As the addition rate of chalssalbori flour into wheat flour increased, the DPPH radical scavenging capacity, water absorption index, water solubility index and viscosity were all increased. Moreover, the bread dough with an increased addition rate of chalssalbori flour demonstrated an increased pH, reduced fermentative expansion power and a darker yellowish color. The bread dough added with chalssalbori flour after mixing showed higher hardness, gumminess and adhesiveness, but lower cohesiveness and springiness compared to the control; however, these texture characteristics were changed during fermentation. In the present study, the mixed flour with 10% immature chalssalbori flour conveyed similar pasting characteristics to those of wheat flour; moreover, its bread dough showed higher springiness and fermentative expansion power. Furthermore, a delay effect of starch retrogradation can be expected compared to the control.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.521-527
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• 1989

국산 소맥의 제분성(製粉性), 이화학적(理化學的) 특성(特性), 리올로지 성질, 제품적성(製品適性)을 미국산 소맥과 비교 검토하였다. 공시품종(品種)의 제분률(製粉率)은 한국산이 71.1%, 미국산이 71.6%로서 비슷하였으며, 한국산 3개 품종(品種)의 AWRC는 평균 61.8%로서 경연질(硬軟質) 소맥의 분류기준인 60%를 상회하는 선에 있었다. 한국산 소맥의 쿠키직경(直徑)은 $8.5{\sim}8.9cm$로서 비교적 좋은 cookie spread를 보였으며 top grain score도 우수하였다. Sponge cake의 부피는 $975{\sim}1,175cc$로서 표준분(標準粉)에 비하여 약 $4{\sim}20%$의 차이가 있었으나 제품(製品)의 평점은 도리어 미국산 소맥보다 높았다. 특히 원광은 쿠키 및 스폰지케익의 적성(適性)이 우수한 품종(品種)으로 선발되었다. 빵의 부피는 $924{\sim}l,055cc$의 범위로서 영광이 1,020cc로 제(製)빵용 표준분을 제외한 공시 품종(品種) 중 제(製)빵적성(適性)이 가장 우수하였으며, 제(製)빵을 위한 제(製)빵용 표준분(標準粉)에 대한 국산 소맥분의 적정혼합비율(適正混合比率)은 30%이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2001

Cookie baking properties and relationships between cookie baking properties and flour characteristics were evaluated for two years, 1997 and 1998, and at two locations, Suwon and Deokso, with Korean winter wheat cultivars and lines. Cookie baking parameters, except for cookie diameter and top grain score, were influenced by locations and years. Chokwang, Suwon 274, Suwon 275, Suwon 277 and Urimil showed larger cookie diameter and excellent top grain score compared to the other Korean winter wheat cultivars and lines. Among the flour characteristics, protein content, damaged starch content, alkaline water retention capacity and flour swelling volume showed high positive correlation coefficients with cookie baking parameters. Friabilin-present lines showed larger cookie diameter, suitable surface structure of cookie and softer snapping force than the friabilin-absent lines.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 1993

A Nuluk, a Korean traditional koji for brewing, was made with wheat flour and Rhizopus japonicus T2 which had a good aroma and strong abilities in producing saccharogenic and proteolytic enzymes, and cultural conditions for the production of those two enzymes were tested. The productivity of saccharogenic enzyme was markedly improved when Nuluk was made with unsteamed wheat flour as compared with that with steamed one, but that of acid protease was reduced. The addition of water containing 0.5% hydrochloric acid was unfavorable for the production of saccharogenic enzyme and neutral protease. The optimum ratio of water added to wheat flour for the production of saccharogenic enzyme and proteolytic enzyme was 28% on the basis of wheat flour. The productivity of saccharogenic enzyme was enhanced "when the Nuluk was molded after 10~20 hours precultivation but that of proteolytic enzyme was reduced as compared with no molding. The optimum temperature for the production of saccharogenic enzyme was 28f and that of proteolyic enzyme was also 28$^{\circ}C$. The optimum cultural time for the production of saccharogenic enzyme was 36 ~72 hours at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and that of proteolytic enzyme was 36 hours.ours.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 1994

A nuluk, a Korean traditional koji for brewing, was made with wheat flour and Aspergillus usamii mot. shirousamii S1 which had strong abilities in producing amylase and protease. The cultural conditions for the production of saccharogenic and proteolytic enzymes were tested. The productivities of saccharogenic and dextrogenic enzymes were improved when nuluk was made with unsteamed wheat flour as compared with steamed one, but those of proteolytic enzyme and organic acid were reduced. The addition of water containing 0.5% of hydrochloric acid was unfavorable for the production of saccharogenic, dextrogenic and proteolytic enzymes. The optimum ratios of water added to wheat flour for the production of saccharogenic enzyme and proteolytic enzyme were 32% and 28%, respectively on the basis of wheat flour. The optimum temperatures for the production of saccharogenic enzyme and proteolytic enzyme were 36$^{\circ}C$ and 28$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The activity of saccharogenic enzyme reached its maximum after 120 hours of cultivation at 36$^{\circ}C$, but that of proteolytic enzyme 96 hours. The productivity of saccharogenic enzyme was enhanced when the nuluk was molded after 24 hours of precultivation but that of proteolytic enzyme was reduced as compared with no molding.