• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2014

This study was conducted to identify lily species native to Korea from formosan lily (Lilium formosanum) belonging to Longiflorum section. Due to flowering time, flower color and orientation, long shelf life and resistant to diseases, the native lily species can be valuable genetic resources for interspecific hybrids. One of the chloroplast genes, matK, was used to clone and sequence to explore any base changes. The matK was successfully amplified into 1,539 bp (94% of the gene) and phylogenetic tree demonstrated 6 clades for those 11 lily species used in this study. There were one or two base substitutions among 10 lilies native to Korea, while formosan lily native to Taiwan exhibited 6 base substitutions in matK gene, rendering it genetically distant. A restriction enzyme NruI recognized one of the six base changes, and digested the matK gene of 10 native lily species only, but not in formosan lily. The confirmed cleavage characteristic of the target region in matK gene was designed into a CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences) marker which will be available to estimate compatibility of interspecific hybridization and to trace the pedigree when those native lilies are crossed with the formosan lily.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 2010

This study was carried out to breed a self-compatible variety of Tiger Lily from the seedlings originated from Chinju city, Gyeongsangnam-do. The morphological characteristics, ploidy, and the resistance of seedlings to virus infection were investigated. A progeny test was also conducted to examine whether the propagated progenies had the same characteristics as the mother plant. The self-compatible diploid lily variety developed in this study showed a tall type like native triploid lily, Lilium tigrinum, and bulbils were formed on both lily varieties. The morphological characteristics of the flowers and leaves were not much different between the varieties, while the size of the bulbils and bulbs showed significant differences. The percentage of seed generation by self-pollination was 72.6% for the self-compatible variety, while there was no seed generated for native triploid lily. The number of chromosome was 2n = 26 (x = 13, diploid) for the self-compatible variety, while 2n = 39 (x = 13, triploid) in native lily variety. The progenies of the self-compatible diploid lily variety showed the same characteristics as those of its mother plant in morphology, seed germination, and polyploidy. The mother plant of the self-compatible diploid lily variety showed 58% pollen germination and the 2-year-old and 3-year-old progenies showed similar germination percentages. The pollen grains of Korean native triploid lily, however, never germinated.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.158-164
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• 2019

Molecular characterization of different genotypes reveals accurate information about the degree of genetic diversity that helps to develop a proper breeding program. In this study, a total of 30 EST-based simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers derived from trumpet lily (Lilium longiflorum) were used across 11 native lily species for their genetic relationship. Among these 30 markers, 24 SSR markers that showed polymorphism were used for evaluation of diversity spectrum. The allelic number at per locus ranged from 1 at SSR2 locus to 34 alleles at SSR15 locus, with an average of 11.25 alleles across 24 loci observed. The polymorphic information content, PIC, values ranged from 0.0523 for SSR9 to 0.9919 for SSR2 in all 24 loci with an average of 0.3827. The allelic frequency at every locus ranged from 0.81% at SSR2 locus to 99.6% at SSR14 locus. The pairwise genetic dissimilarity coefficient revealed the highest genetic distance with a value of 81.7% was in between L. dauricum and L. amabile. A relatively closer genetic distance was found between L. lancifolium and L. dauricum, L. maximowiczii and L. concolor, L. maximowiczii and L. distichum (Jeju), L. tsingtauense and L. callosum, L. cernuum and L. distichum (Jeju ecotype), of which dissimilarity coefficient was 50.0%. The molecular fingerprinting based on microsatellite marker could serve boldly to recognize genetically distant accessions and to sort morphologically close as well as duplicate accessions.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.730-734
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• 2019

Cryopreservation is one of the ideal and suitable methods for long-term storage of plant germplasm. The plant contaminated with diseases and pathogens are decreased the multiplication rate, survival rate and high quality of plants after cryopreservation. The aim of this work was to improve a micropropagation method for lily in Korea, which is indigenous plant. In the last process of rinsing scales after surface-sterilization, we tried to control the diseases and pathogens lived within the tissue by rinsing in 0.03% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) instead of sterile distilled water. Bulb scales of Lilium were cultured in vitro on MS medium supplemented with Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM). The results showed that L. tsingtauense accessions were observed ranged from 53.9 to 100% with a mean value of 76.8% and L. hansonii accessions were checked from 84.5 to 85.5% with a mean of 85% survival rate. The newly small bulb formed from bulb-scales was transferred to MS medium. We checked the presence of microorganisms and survival rate after 3 weeks in culture after examination of bacterial incidences. The results indicated that the non-contamination rate were shown ranged from 75.0 to 94.1% with mean value of 83.2% in L. tsingtauense species, and that L. hansonii were observed 85.1 to 91.7% with mean value of 88.4%. This study will provide a valuable basis for establishment of effective axenic cultures for in vitro micropropagation of Korean native lily species.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.231-235
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• 2000

The 3,000 nucleotides of 3'-terminal region of the genomic RNA of a new isolate of carlavirus from a Korean native lily (Lilum lancitoium) was cloned and its nucleotide sequences were determined. The coat protein (CP) gene of the virus showed 72.0% to 72.8% nucleotide sequence identities and 86.9% to 88.0% amino acid sequence identities with those of the four strains (two Korean, one Dutch, and one Japanese isolates) of lily symptomless virus (LSV). Interestingly, different amino acid sequences between the new isolate and LSV strains were located at the N-terminal region of the CP. Pairwise amino acid sequence comparison of the CP gene revealed sequence identities of 22.0% to 71.1% between the virus and other 9 carlavirus species. The 25 kDa and 12 kDa proteins genes of the virus share 30.7% to 76.3% and 31.1% to 85.8% amino acid sequence identities, respectively, with those of 8 other carlaviruses. The 16 kDa protein gene of the virus shares 16.7% to 72.9% amino acid sequence identities with that of 9 other carlaviruses. These data indicate that the virus, designated as lily latent virus (LiLV), is a distinct of the Carlavirus genus and distinguished from the known strains of LSV.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Differential display reverse transcription PCR (DDRT-PCR) analysis was performed on lily 'Marcopolo' bulb scale for isolation of expressed genes during bulblet formation. Cu/Zn lily-superoxide dismutase (LSOD) of 872 bp gene, with ability to scavenge reactive oxygen in stress environment, was isolated. Northern blot analysis showed expression levels of LSOD maximized 12 days after bulblet formation. Ti plasmid vectors were constructed with sense and antisense expressions of LSOD gene and transformed into potato. Southern blot analysis of transgenic potatoes revealed different copies of T-DNA were incorporated into potato genome. In transgenic potatoes, lily SOD gene was overexpressed in sense lines and not in antisense lines. In native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, additional engineered LSOD was detected in sense overexpressed transgenic line only. Transgenic potatoes were subjected to oxidative stress, such as herbicide methyl viologen (MV). Transgenic potato lines with sense orientation exhibited increased tolerance to MV, whereas in antisense lines exhibited decreased tolerance. In vitro tuberization of transgenic potato with sense orientation was promoted, but was inhibited in transgenic potato with antisense orientation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.49.2-50
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• 1999

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.891-899
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• 2015

The lily symptomless virus (LSV) is the most common virus in Korean native lilies and causes various types of damage to overall plant growth. This study was carried out to investigate the elimination rate of the LSV by the in vitro scale culture (scaling) method in Korean native lilies and to test reinfection rates of the LSV under several field culture conditions of bulb production. Four Korean native lilies (Lilium dauricum, L. distichum, L. lancifolium, and L. maximowitzii) were used and their scales were cultured in vitro for micro-scale formation. The micro-scales were subcultured repeatedly using MS culture medium supplemented with 30 or $90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose. The culture conditions were $24{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD with 16 hour daylength using fluorescent lamps and maintained at $22{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. The virus-free bulblets were grown for one to three years in the greenhouse and transplanted to the field in October or March. Virus infection rates were investigated by direct tissue blotting immunobinding assays and measurement of chlorophyll and protein contents. Virus-free plants could be obtained from the 5th subculture of micro-scales in L. lancifolium and L. maximowitzii or from primary culture in L. dauricum and L. distichum. LSV-free plants were reinfected during bulb production in the field. Reinfection rates were higher at older bulb ages and under higher planting density. The plants planted in October and at inland Gyeongsan had higher infection rates than those planted in March and at coastal area Pohang. The reinfection rate of L. maximowitzii was higher than those of L. dauricum and L. lancifolium. The LSV-infected plants had lower chlorophyll contents and unchanged protein contents compared to virus-free plants.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2018

Ethnobotanical knowledge on native plants is critical on the conservation and management of biological resources. We investigated traditional knowledge of ethnobotanical uses in the Mt. Gayasan National Park area. Interviews were carried out to 189 residents at 176 places, and verified species and usage information was categorized by taxonomic groups, usage, and used parts. The ethnobotanical species of the regions consisted of a total of 275 taxa in 91 families including 105 cultivars. Sunflower family (Asteraceae) is the most widely used family with 30 taxa (7 cultivars). Rose family (Rosaceae, 25 taxa with 11 cultivars), Bean family (Fabaceae, 15 taxa with 11 cultivars), Grass family (Poaceae, 15 taxa with 10 cultivars), and Lily family (Liliaceae, 14 taxa with 4 cultivars) followed. About 50 taxa belong to the Approved Species for Delivering Overseas designated by Korea Ministry of Environment, and six Korean endemic taxa have been traditionally valuable in the regions. Many cultivated species have been utilized for various purposes accompanied local and native plants. The main usage of the plants are edible (175 taxa) and medicinal (168 taxa). Leaves are most commonly used parts (105 taxa), followed by stems (93 taxa), fruits (73 taxa), roots (55 taxa), and wholes (54 taxa). The study does not only provides examples of traditional uses of native plants, but also facilitates conservation of natural resources and sustainable developments of ethnobotanical knowledge for the contemporary human society.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 2002

A new isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), identified as Li-CMV was isolated from a diseased Korean native lily (Lithium tsingtauense Gilg). Biological and serological properties of Li-CMV were characterized, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, restriction enzyme profiling of RT-PCR products, and nucleotide sequence analysis of RNA3 of the virus were performed in this study. Remarkable differences in symptoms between Li-CMV and ordinary CMV strains were found in tobacco plants and Datura stramonium. Li-CMV-infected tobacco plants (cv. Xanthi-nc and cv. Samsun) induced chlorotic ringspots on uninoculated upper leaves, and the symptom expression was delayed or faint whereas, ordinary CMV strains induced green mosaic symptoms on the plant. Systemic infections were observed on Nicotiana benthamiana with severe mosaic symptom. Restriction mapping analysis of RT-PCR products using MspI showed that Li-CMV belonged to CMV subgroup I. A full-length CDNA copy of RNA3 for the virus was amplified by RT-PCR, cloned, and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. The RNA3 of Li-CMV was 2, 232 nucleotides long, and consisted of two open reading frames of 843 and 657 bases encoding 3a protein (movement protein) and coat protein, respectively. Results of this study indicate that Li-CMV is a novel strain and belongs to subgroup I of CMV in the genus Cucumovirus.