• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.371-382
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate correlation theory of planned behavior, self efficacy and health locus of control about smoking cessation behavior for university student. We sampled 204 university student smokers using questionnaires and analyzed the data using Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There were significant positive correlation between theory of planned behavior(intention : r=.215, p=.005, attitude : r=.160, p=.025, perceived behavior control : r=.298, p=.000) and self efficacy. 2. There were significant positive correlation between theory of planned behavior(attitude : r=.228, p=.002) and internal health locus of control. There were significant positive correlation between theory of planned behavior(attitude : r=.203, p=.004, subjective norm : r=.141, p=.047) and external health locus of control. There were significant negative correlation between theory of planned behavior(perceived behavior control : r=-.152, p=.034) and accidental health locus of control. This study has shown a correlation between theory of planned behavior and self efficacy and health locus of control. As a result of these findings, I suggest to develop the intervention program for smoking cessation.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2024

The author recommends the creation of a nationwide career guidance program at the national level through the establishment of a long-term cohort, involving collaboration among medical schools nationwide. This cohort would be constructed for the purpose of analyzing correlations from admission to medical school to post-graduate education, facilitating the development of a career guidance program. This will aid in career development through students' self-analysis and competency building. Each medical school should operate a systematic career guidance program. Career guidance for post-graduate major selection should be included in the regular curriculum. Schools are advised to operate student counseling rooms for various career guidance services. For example, medical schools can operate 1:1 career counseling, academic counseling, career guidance surveys, psychological tests, and counseling. It is advisable to establish a mentor-professor system, connect mentor professors, and build a network of experts related to majors to provide immediate support according to students' needs. Professional mentor training should be provided to mentor professors. To provide opportunities for students to experience their career paths in advance, early clinical exposure, long-term integrated clinical practice, community-based clinical practice, participation in student research programs, career fairs, and student internship programs are recommended. In South Korea, it is necessary to systematically operate the internship system and make improvements to facilitate optical career choices. Additionally, considering the significant influence of social factors on students' career choices in South Korea, efforts should be made to identify and address the issues related to these social factors.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.70-80
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• 2007

"Susehyunseo" is an unpublished writing of Kimyounghun, a Korean doctor who was active in the Japanese occupation era. This book reveals the details about the traditional medical education of his time rather than his medical opinion because he had written it as a student to check his own medical system. Many representative TKM texts such as "Donguibogam", "Yixueruwen", and "Bangyakhappyun" are mentioned, but many medical documents that are lost now are also mentioned, making it a useful document in understanding the medical education circumstances of those times.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.303-310
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of dental caries among an urban population. Methods: This study was conducted among 2000 people 15-40 years of age living in Kurdistan, Iran in 2015. Using a questionnaire, data were collected by 4 trained dental students. The dependent variable was the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMF) index. Using principal component analysis, the socioeconomic status (SES) of families was determined based on their household assets. Inequality was measured using the concentration index; in addition, the Oaxaca analytical method was used to determine the contribution of various determinants to the observed inequality. Results: The concentration index for poor scores on the DMF index was -0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.40 to -0.36); thus, poor DMF indices had a greater concentration in groups with a low SES (p<0.001). Decomposition analysis showed that the mean prevalence of a poor DMF index was 43.7% (95% CI, 40.4 to 46.9%) in the least privileged group and 14.4% (95% CI, 9.5 to 9.2%) in the most privileged group. It was found that 85.8% of the gap observed between these groups was due to differences in sex, parents' education, and the district of residence. A poor DMF index was less prevalent among people with higher SES than among those with lower SES (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.52). Conclusions: An alarming degree of SES inequality in oral health status was found in the studied community. Hence, it is suggested that inequalities in oral health status be reduced via adopting appropriate policies such as the delivery of oral health services to poorer groups and covering such services in insurance programs.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the sugars intake through processed foods and its related factors in college students. Methods: The findings of this study was based on the data obtained from the self-administered questionnaire survey of the sugars intake through processed foods. The self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 245 college students between March and April, 2015. Results: The amount of sugars intake through processed foods was 45.9g in male collegians and 47.1g in female collegians. In the bivariate analysis, the amount of sugars intake was significantly different by department of major, current smoking status, subjective health status in female collegians (p<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the amount of sugars intake was related significantly with current drinking status, sleeping time, degree of depression in male students and student's department of major, current smoking status, whether or not of snack intake in female (p<0.05). Conclusions: The program for college students to decrease the sugars intake through processed foods would be necessary, especially in student of non-health department.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2020

The gold standard method for diagnosis of tuberculosis is the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through culture, but there is a probability of cross-contamination in simultaneous cultures of samples causing false-positives. This can result in delayed treatment of the underlying disease and drug side effects. In this paper, we reviewed studies on false-positive cultures of M. tuberculosis. Rate of occurrence, effective factors, and extent of false-positives were analyzed. Ways to identify and reduce the false-positives and management of them are critical for all laboratories. In most cases, false-positive is occurring in cases with only one positive culture but negative direct smear. The three most crucial factors in this regard are inappropriate technician function, contamination of reagents, and aerosol production. Thus, to reduce false-positives, good laboratory practice, as well as use of whole-genome sequencing or genotyping of all positive culture samples with a robust, extra pure method and rapid response, are essential for minimizing the rate of false-positives. Indeed, molecular approaches and epidemiological surveillance can provide a valuable tool besides culture to identify possible false positives.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.182-189
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• 2021

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between sleep quality during pregnancy and preterm birth. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted between August 2018 and May 2019. The participants were 150 pregnant women who had been referred to 7 healthcare centers in the city of Qazvin, Iran and met the inclusion criteria. The Petersburg Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and 2 questions about daytime sleep status and a demographic questionnaire were administered at 14-18 weeks and 28-32 weeks of gestation. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, the Fisher exact test, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Results: In the present study, poor sleep quality affected 84.7% of the participants at 14-18 weeks and 93.3% at 28-32 weeks of gestation. The final model for preterm birth prediction incorporated age and the Petersburg Sleep Quality Index score in the second and third trimesters. Preterm birth increased by 14% with each unit increase in age. With each unit increase in the Petersburg Sleep Quality Index score in the second and third trimesters, preterm birth increased by 42% and 28%, respectively, but the p-values of these factors were not significant. Conclusions: Although a significant percentage of pregnant women had poor sleep quality, no significant relationship was found between sleep quality during pregnancy and preterm birth.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.320-325
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• 2018

Objectives: This pilot study tested the effectiveness of a brief alcohol-related intervention delivered by the social media app WeChat to teach about ethanol-induced facial flushing and increase the willingness of students who see another student flushing to suggest that he or she should reduce or stop drinking. In the context of Chinese drinking culture, it is sometimes socially difficult to refuse a drink, even when experiencing physical discomfort, such as flushing. Methods: Classrooms of students in a medical university in China were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Students in the intervention group were invited to view 3 alcohol education lessons on WeChat during a 2-week period. A pretest and posttest before and after the 2-week period assessed changes in students' willingness to intervene if they saw someone flush while drinking. Data were collected about students' alcohol use and their ratings of the lessons. Results: Mixed-design analysis of variance yielded a significant time-by-treatment interaction effect on the variable of willingness to suggest that a flushing person stop or slow down their drinking, and the change was significant between the intervention and control groups. One-way analysis of covariance yielded a significant treatment effect at the posttest, after controlling for the pretest score. Students rated the lessons above the midpoint of the scale for being informative, interesting, and useful. Conclusions: The pilot study showed that a brief alcohol-related intervention delivered by WeChat could produce a measurable positive change in the willingness of university students to suggest that a student who flushes should stop drinking. This pilot study also suggested improvements for future lessons and evaluation design.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 1998

Personality characteristics were studied by means of SCL-90-R test, Behavioral problem and pain site was studied Isleep disturbance, irregular eating habit, decreased physical activity, decreased social activity, increased emotional tension) by examination sheets. This study was conducted to examine the mature and extent of psychological difference between the students who failed the college-entrance examination and freshment and to determine whether psychological distress acts as a precipitate for craniocervical pain. 96students who failed the college-entrance examination (examination-failed student) and 86 freshmen were included in this study. The obtained results were as follows : Mean T-score of SCL-90-R primary scaled and global Indies in examination-failed students were significantly higher than the freshmen group. In comparison with examination-failed student group, the prevalence of neck and shoulder pain was significantly higher than the freshmen group. When the study and control group were compared in behavioral problem the study group had not more sound sleep than the control group. The study group had more irregular eating habit than control group. The study group had the lower physical activity than control group. The study group had poor social activity than control group. There was no significant difference in emotional tension.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2024

Anxiety disorder is a prevalent psychiatric issue that affects 4.05% of the global population. As complementary and alternative medicine gains popularity, many individuals with anxiety symptoms seek herbal remedies. This systematic review aims to explore the sedative efficacy of chamomile as an herbal medicine for anxiety treatment. Our search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases until August 2023. Among 389 papers found, after removing duplicates and irrelevant papers, 10 clinical trials investigating the effect of oral consumption of chamomile on anxiety were included. Two researchers independently completed all steps, including the screening process and data extraction. Out of the 10 articles selected, 9 studies have concluded that chamomile is effective in reducing anxiety. Even though, the exact mechanism of chamomile's anxiolytic action is not well understood, evidence suggests that its active compounds, including apigenin, may modulate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis by affecting neurotransmitter pathways. This systematic review showed that chamomile potentially has an anxiolytic effect. In addition, due to the side effects of drugs used to treat anxiety disorders, the use of chamomile seems to be effective and less dangerous.