• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify clinical features of sound (non-lame) dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL). Medical records of 72 dogs diagnosed with MPL were retrospectively reviewed. There were no significances in breed, sex, body weight, body condition score (BCS), osteoarthritis (OA) score, inclination of the femoral head angle (IFA), and mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) between sound and lame dogs, respectively. The mean age of sound dogs was significantly higher than that of lame dogs (P < 0.05), especially in MPL grade 3. The frequency of sound dogs with MPL grade 1 and 2 was 2.3 times higher than that of sound dogs with MPL grade 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). The anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA) of sound dogs was significantly lower than that of lame dogs (P < 0.05). However, there were no statistical differences in aLDFA between sound and lame dogs in MPL grade 1, 2, and 4, except for MPL grade 3. This study suggests that in case of MPL grade 1 and 2, frequency of sound dogs is significantly high, and also that in MPL grade 3, if mean ± (standard deviation) age of the dogs is 7.4 ± 3.6 years old and the aLDFA is 105.6 ± 4.1 degrees, they are very highly possible to be sound dogs.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 1991

This study was carried out getting basic data for developing a new combine which is suitable for the cultivating situation in Korea or Southeast Asia. The relation of the amount of unthreshed grains and the axial displacement of crop in threshing process was attempted to formulate mathematically in a threshing chamber of axial-flow threshing unit. It was found that unthreshed grain is an exponetially-decaying functon of axial displacement of grains based on available data. Threshing experiments were performed to validate the mathematical model by changing various levels of pertinent variables for malting barley. Good correlation were obtained between the theoretical calculation and observed data for various test conditions, such as inclination, vane pitch, concave length, drum speed, feeding velocity, stream weight, moisture content. Therefore the model can be used for general purpose to find the amount of unthreshed grain if the mean rate of occurence of threshing of kernels(${\lambda}_{\tau}$) is properly calibrated considering some other operating conditions and crop conditions which are not involved in this analysis.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.661-669
• /
• 1995

A mobile robot, named KAEROT, has been developed for inspection and maintenance operations in nuclear facilities. The main feature of locomotion system is the planetary wheel assembly with small wheels. This mechanism has been designed to be able to go over the stairs and obstacles with stability. This paper presents the inverse kinematic solution that is to be operated by remote control. The automatic stair climbing algorithm is also proposed. The. proposed algorithms generates the moving pathes of small wheels and calculates the angular velocity of 3 actuation wheels. The results of simulations and experiments are given for KAEROT peformed on the irregular stairs in laboratory. It is shown that the proposed algorithm provides the lower inclination angle of the robot body and increases its stability during navigation.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.145-148
• /
• 2008

ICESat launched in Jan. 2003 has a capability to monitor polar regions with its inclination of 94 degree. ICESat carries GLAS (Geosciences Laser Altimetry System) to measure Earth's topography in unprecedented accuracy, and thus it can be applied for glacier variation due to recent climate changes. Here we present a new method to estimate velocity structure of Amery Ice-Shelf using ICESat altimtery data. ICESat data shows horizontal displacement of Amery Ice-Shelf, which can be directly used for velocity estimation. This method is expected to extend to other ice-shelves in Antarctica.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.10
• /
• pp.672-678
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop a stacking guidance system (SGS) of containers in the mobile harbor (MH). A mobile harbor is a floating structure especially designed for loading and unloading containers from and to a large container ship. A novel stacking guidance system was proposed for unloading the container in an effective way against possible vibrations of the floating body. The guidance system works as an aid for loading containers with a wider opening for easier stacking of a container into a moving storage cell due to waves. In order to determine the most effective inclination angle of the cell-guide, this study performed the dynamic analysis of the SGS equipped in the MH subject to fluctuations of the sea. The motions of the guidance system and a container loaded were calculated using ADAMS. The simulation results of the contact force between the two rigid bodies showed that a desirable angle of the cell-guide should be around 20 degrees from the vertical. This proposed SGS can considerably reduce the loading and unloading time, and will enhance the performance of the MH.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2000

This paper represents the vector fields and three dimensional mean velocities in the X-Y plane of cone type swirl gas burner measured by using X-probe from the hot-wire anemometer system. This experiment is carried out at flowrate 350 and $450{\ell}/min$ respectively in the test section of subsonic wind tunnel. The vector plot shows that the maximum axial mean velocity component is focused in the narrow slits distributed radially on the edge of a cone type swirl burner, for that reason, there is some entrainment of ambient air in the outer region of the burner and the rotational flow can be shown in the inner region of the burner because mean velocity W is distributed about twice as large as mean velocity V due to inclined flow velocity ejecting from the swirl vanes of a cone type baffle plate of burner. Moreover, the mean velocities are largely distributed near the outer region of burner within $X/R{\fallingdotseq}1.5$, hence, the turbulent characteristics are anticipated to be distributed largely in the center of this region due to the large inclination of mean velocity and swirl effect.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.397-408
• /
• 2001

A marine reactor shows very different thermal-hydraulic characteristics compared to a land- based reactor. Especially, study on the variation of flow field due to ship motions such as inclination, heaving and rolling is essential since the flow variation has great influence on the reactor cooling capability. In this study, the natural circulation characteristics of integral type marine reactor with modular steam generators were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics code, CFX-4, for inclined conditions. The numerical analyses are performed using the results of natural circulation experiments for integral reactor which are already conducted at Seoul National University. From the results, it was found that the flow rate in the ascending steam generator cassettes increases due to buoyancy effect. Due to this flow variation, temperature difference occurs at the outlets of the each steam generator cassettes. which is mitigated through downcomer by thermal mixing. Also, around the upper pressure header the flow from descending hot leg goes up to the ascending steam generator cassettes due to large natural circulation driving force in ascending steam generator cassettes. From this result, the increase of How rate in the ascending steam generator cassettes could be understood qualitatively.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.150-157
• /
• 1997

A precise determination of the fuel efficiency is important because North/South station keeping, which controls the inclination of the geostationary orbit, consumes most of the satellie fuel. We estimate the amount of fuel required during the lifetime of the KOREASAT when MFT(Minimum Fuel Target) technique is adopted, and the result is compared to those when MCT(Maximum Compensation Target) and TBCT(Track-Back Chord Target) technique are applied. From this computation, we find that if MFT technique is adopted, the lifetime of the satellite can be extended at least 45 and 15 days, respectively, compared to those consumed with MCT and TBCT technique.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2011

Radial-vaned air separators show a strong stall suppression effect in an axial flow fans. From a survey of existing literature on the effects and the author's data, a possible mechanism for the significant effects has been proposed here. The stall suppression is suggested to have been achieved by a combination of the following several effects; (1) suction of blade and casing boundary layers and elimination of embryos of stall, (2) separation and straightening of reversed swirling flow from the main flow, (3) induction of the fan main flow toward the casing wall and enhancement of the outward inclination of meridional streamlines across the rotor blade row, thus keeping the Euler head increase in the decrease in fan flow rate, and (4) reinforcement of axi-symmetric structure of the main flow. These phenomena have been induced and enhanced by a stable vortex-ring encasing the blade tips and the air separator. These integrated effects appear to have caused the great stall suppression effect that would have been impossible by other types of stall prevention devices. Thus the author would like to name the device "tip-vortex-ring assisted stall suppression device".

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.83-86
• /
• 2005

Purpose : To evaluate the effect of deviation of mandibular positioning, by changing the mandibular plane inclination, on the measured height and width of mandible in spiral conventional tomography. Materials and Methods : By means of the Scanora multifunctional unit, cross-sectional tomograms were taken from two human dried mandibles at the mandibular angulations: -15 degree, -10 degree, -5 degree, and 0 degree. Twenty-eight sites in two dried mandibles were imaged. One examiner measured the bone heights and widths at selected sites on the images and the actual bone heights were recorded. Results : The bone heights at the four mandibular inclinations overestimated real bone heights and the mean difference between actual heights and image heights on 0 degrees was the smallest (P<0.01). The bone widths on -15 degrees were narrowest and there were significant differences between bone widths measured at the four mandibular inclinations (P<0.001). We found statistically significant differences between both bone heights and widths as measured according to the mandibular plane angle for the posterior region (P<0.01). Conclusion : The use of different mandibular positioning may result in discrepancies in heights and widths when measured from the cross-sectional tomographic images. It is suggested that the mandibular positioning may play a significant role in the measurement of mandibular heights and widths.