• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2015

Seasonal variation in marine macroalgal community structure was examined at the intertidal zones of Geumgap, Jindo, Korea, from October 2013 to August 2014. In total, 56 macroalgal species were identified, including 9 green, 12 brown, and 35 red algae. Annual seaweed biomass was 548.96 g wet wt. /$m^2$ with seasonal range between 371.08 g wet wt. /$m^2$ at summer and 32.91 g wet wt. /$m^2$ at winter. The dominant seaweed in terms of biomass was Sargassum thunbergii and subdominant species were Gelidium elegans, Sargassum fusiforme, and Ishige okamurae. The vertical distribution of seaweeds from the upper to lower intertidal zones was Gloiopeltis spp., Ulva spp.- S. thunbergii, S. fusiforme, Ishige okamurae - S. thunbergii, S. fusiforme, G. elegans. Annual seaweed coverage, richness index (R), evenness index (J'), and diversity index (H') values were 27.95%, 6.10, 0.38, and 1.38, respectively. Coarsely branched form was the most dominant functional group in terms of species number and biomass among benthic macroalgal species.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2005

Seventy-three fungal species belonging to forty-three genera were isolated from 40 samples of Saccharrum officinarum (collected from Naage-Hamadi canal in Qena Governorate, Egypt). Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Mucor and Pythium were the most common genera on the two isolation media. The dominant species of Aspergillus were A. niger, A. flavus, A. ustus, A. terreus and A. wentii. Some species were dominant on 40 g/l sucrose such as Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Emericella nidulans, Trichoderma viride, Torula herbarum and Mamaria echinoeotryoides, while the dominant species on 10 g/l glucose were Mucor circinelloides, Aspergillus niger, Torula herbarum and Trichoderma viride. Mycotoxins including aflatoxins $B_1,\;B_2,\;G_1\;and\;G_2$, zearalenone and diacetoxyscirpenol were detected in the examined samples of Saccharrum officinarum. The mycelial growth of A. flavus, A. niger, Fusarium moniliforme and Torula herbarum decreased with the increase in Dimethoate concentrations, although 25 ppm was less effective than the higher levels of the insecticide ($75{\sim}200\;ppm$). Dimethoate stimulated the activity of Go-Tin A. niger, F. moniliforme and T. harbarum, while the Go-T activity was inhibited in A. flavus with the Dimethoate treatments.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.133-146
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• 2000

밀양댐 상 하류 7개지점에 대하여 2000년 6월5일부터 6월6일까지 수서곤충을 조사하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 수서 곤충류의 총분류군은 7목 25과 49속 67종이었다. 총 출현종수 67종 중 하루살이류 29종, 날도래류 22종, 강도래류 7종, 파리류 6종이었으며, 기타 뱀잠자리목, 잠자리목, 딱정벌레목이 각 각 1종씩 출현하였다. 출현한 개체수비율은 하루살이류가 71%, 파리류 11.9%, 날도래류 11.2%, 강도래류 5.1%, 딱정벌레류 4.6%로 나타나, 하루살이류가 가장 높은 점유율을 보였다. 전체 분류군에서의 제1우점종은 Epeorus latifolium이었고 제 2우점종은 Epeorus aesculus였으며 우점도지수는 0.36였다. 우점종은 전지점 하루살이류였고, 우점도지수는 제6지점이 0.55로 가장 높게 나타났고 제3지점이 0.13로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 종다양도지수는 제3지점이 4.25로 가장 높게 나타났고, 제7지 점이 3.11로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 종다양도지수에 근거한 오수생물계열로 볼 때, 전지점이 Oligosaprobic으로 나타났으며, 전체적으로 극히 양호한 수환경상태를 보였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2023

As the destruction of habitats due to recent development continues, there is also increasing interest in endangered species. Mankyua chejuense is a vulnerable species that is sensitive to changes in population and habitat, and it has recently been upgraded from Endangered Species II to Endangered Species I, requiring significant management efforts. So in this study, we analyzed the potential habitats of Mankyua chejuense using MaxEnt(Maximum Entropy) modeling. We developed three models: one that considered only environmental characteristics, one that considered artificial factors, and one that reflected the habitat of dominant tree species in the overstory. Based on previous studies, we incorporated environmental and human influence factors for the habitats of Mankyua chejuense into spatial information, and we also used the habitat distribution models of dominant tree species, including Ulmus parvifolia, Maclura tricuspidata, and Ligustrum obtusifolium, that have been previously identified as major overstory species of Mankyua chejuense. Our analysis revealed that rock exposure, elevation, slope, forest type, building density, and soil type were the main factors determining the potential habitat of Mankyua chejuense. Differences among the three models were observed in the edges of the habitats due to human influence factors, and results varied depending on the similarity of the habitats of Mankyua chejuense and the dominant tree species in the overstory. The potential habitats of Mankyua chejuense presented in this study include areas where the species could potentially inhabit in addition to existing habitats. Therefore, these results can be used for the conservation and management planning of Mankyua chejuense.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.37-59
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• 2017

The Korean peninsula belongs to the temperate forest biome dominated by many deciduous oaks. We quantitatively and qualitatively studied vertical and horizontal distributions and habitat characteristics on the major oak species such as Quercus mongolica, Q. serrata, Q. variabilis, Q. dentata, Q. aliena and Q. acutissima. A total of 5,278 samples were analyzed with a species coverage and 6 principal environmental variables extracted from public database of nationwide natural environment survey. Correlation analysis was accomplished by the CANOCO using Canonical Correspondence Analysis and the Pearson correlation coefficient using PASW Statistics. The hierarchical distribution tendency of six oaks was finalized using the Goodman-Kruskal lambda coefficient of non-metric multidimensional scaling by SYN-TAX 2000. The utmost factor on the distributional segregation of oak species was the elevation, i.e. temperature. Q. serrata and Q. mongolica show clearly a diametrical distribution patterns with zonal distribution. Q. variabilis was determined as a thermophilic and xerophilous species that is a component of not only natural pseudo-climax forest but also secondary forest. The highest frequency of the dominant forest was found Q. mongolica. Whereas, Q. serrata showed the highest frequency of individual tree but the relatively lower frequency of dominant forest, which is resulted from the original habitat loss. By the benefit of the traditional Soopjeong-E, Q. acutissima dominant forests were remained rather largely. Individuals of Q. dentata occurred horizontally nationwide, but its dominant forest was the poorest. Dominant forest of Q. aliena, which is a natural vegetation, was the most rare due to a limited potential habitat.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.355-365
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• 1997

Macrozoobenthic community structure was studied on the mud-tidalflat around Mokpo coastal area, Korea, from September 1995 to May 1996. Ten sampling stations were chosen along the 1km transect with a 100 m intervals. Triple macrozoobenthos sampling were conducted with a stainless box core sampler (size $13{\times}22{\times}30$ cm) at each station on the seasonal basis. A total of 119 species of macrobenthos was sampled with a mean density 2,357 $ind./m^2$ and biomass of 180. 94 $g/m^2$ during the study period. Of these species, there were 51 species of mollusce (43%), 36 of crustaceans (30%), 27 of polychaetes (23%). Molluscs were density-dominant faunal group with a mean density of 1,804 $ind./m^2$, comprising of 75% of the total density of the benthic animals. It was followed by polychaetes with 347 $ind./m^2$ (15% of the total density). Molluscs were biomass-dominant faunal group with a mean biomass of 147.51 $g/m^2$ (82% of the total biomass). The number of species, abundance and biomass showed increasing trends toward the lower intertidal stations from the higher stations. Major dominant species were Musculista senhousia (bivalve), Capitellidae spp. (polychaetes) with a density of 1,640 $ind./m^2$ and 179 $ind./m^2$ , respectively. The density of M. senhousia was more than 63% of the total density of benthic organism on the tidal area. Small gastropod Cerithideopsilla umumriensis was another dominant epifaunal species between st.1 and 2 with a mean density of 100 $ind./m^2$. Cluster analysis showed that the benthic community could be divided into three stational groups, that is, upper, middle and lower groups by the exposure duration.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1982

A study on the water pollution of Gumho river by the relationship between physio-chemical conditions and water quality level by phytoplankton was examined at 7 sampling positions during the period from Aug. 1 to Nov. 30, 1981. Examination of physio-chemicat water analysis such as temperature, pH, DO, BOD, and biological analysis are as follows: 1. pH was in the range of 6.6-7.3. 2. At all positions DO was0.5-11.9 mg/l. But at Shinchun bridge and Gangchang was 0.5-3.9 mg/l. 3. BOD was in the range of 3.4-29.2 mg/l. Banyawol, Dongchon and Gumdan was shown good condition. But at Shinchun bridge was 21.1-29.2 mg/l. 4. The plankton identification in this study period showed, Cyanophyceae is 7 genera 13 species, Bacillariophyceae is 11 genera 32 species, and Chlorophceae is 17 genera 27 species: total 35 genera 72 species. 5. In the point of phytoplankton classification, upper stream of Banyawol, Dongchon and Gumdan which BOD was 3.4-8.7 mg/l, dominant phytoplanktons were Synedra ulna, Ulothrix sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Frusturia rhomboides. At Shinchun bridge which BOD was 21.1-29.2 mg/l, Microcystis aeruginosa, Closterium acerosum and Oscillatoria sp were found a small. At 3rd gongdan which BOD was 9.2-12.5 mg/l, dominant species were Synedra ulna, Hormidium sp and Actinastrum hantzschii. At Paldal which BOD was 7.8-9.2 mg/l, dominant species were Nitzschia palea, Synedra ulna and Scenedesmus bijuga. At Gangchang of down stream which BOD was 6.9-9.2 mg/l, dominant phytoplanktons were Closterium acerosum, Microcystis aeruginosa and Actnastrum hantzschii. 6. The results of biological water analysis by saprobic system were as follows: Banyawol was from oligosaprobic to $\beta$-mesosaprobic, Dongchon and Gumdan was from $\beta$-mesosaprobic to $\beta$-mesosaprobic, Shinchun bridge was polysaprobic, 3rd gongdan was from $\alpha$-mesosaprobic to $\beta$-polysaprobic, Paldal was $\beta$-polysaprobic and Gangchang was $\alpha$-polysaprobic.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.206-218
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• 2011

The seed-borne mycoflora of sorghum and foxtail millet collected from different growing areas in South Korea were isolated and taxonomically identified using dry inspection, standard blotter and the agar plate method. We investigated the in vitro and in vitro germination rates of disinfected and non-disinfected seeds of sorghum and foxtail millet using sterilized and unsterilized soil. The percent recovery of seed-borne mycoflora from the seed components of sorghum and foxtail millet seeds was determined and an infection experiment using the dominant species was evaluated for seedling emergence and mortality. A higher number of seed-borne fungi was observed in sorghum compared to that of foxtail millet. Eighteen fungal genera with 34 fungal species were identified from the seeds of sorghum and 13 genera with 22 species were identified from the seeds of foxtail millet. Five dominant species such as Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme and Phoma sp. were recorded as seed-borne mycoflora in sorghum and 4 dominant species (Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme) were observed in foxtail millet. The in vitro and in vitro germination rates were higher using disinfected seeds and sterilized soil. More seed-borne fungi were recovered from the pericarp compared to the endosperm and seed embryo. The percent recovery of seed-borne fungi ranged from 2.22% to 60.0%, and Alternaria alternata, Curvularia lunata and 4 species of Fusarium were isolated from the endosperm and embryo of sorghum and foxtail millet. Inoculation of the dominant seed-borne fungi showed considerable mortality of seedlings. All the transmitted seed-borne fungi might well be a primary source of infection of sorghum and foxtail millet crops.

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2003년도 학술대회
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• pp.92-97
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• 2003

Community structure of macrobenthos was studied on Angol clam farming ground of Chinhae Bay in the southern coast of Korea. Macrobenthos samples were collected monthly using a quadrate at each station from March 1998. Macrobenthos samples were seived by 1.0mm mesh seive. Mean grain size was 0.267 mm. A total of 111 macrobenthos species were sampled with a mean density of 1,651ind/m$^2$and biomass of 1466.7wwt.g/m$^2$. Annelida was density-dominant faunal group with a mean density of 818ind/m$^2$, comprising of 49.6% of the total density of the macrobenthos. It was followed by Mollusca with 660ind/m$^2$(40.0%). Mollusca was biomass-dominant faunal group. Major dominant species in the number of individual were Ruditapes philippinarum (375ind/m$^2$), Batillaria cumingi (208ind/m$^2$), Cirrformia tentaculata (167ind/m$^2$), Ceratonereis erithraeensis (151ind/m$^2$), Capitella capitata (111ind/m$^2$) and Sigambra tentaculata (91ind/m$^2$). Major dominant species in the biomass were Ruditapes philippinarum (1156.6wwt.g/m$^2$), Batillaria cumingi (111.0wwt.g/m$^2$) and Cyclina sinenis (106.2wwt.g/m$^2$). The species diversity was increased gradually during the study period. Increasing of species diversity was due to not only increasing of number of species but also decreasing of dominance of some polycheates. Contents of silt-clay was increased gradually in the intertidal zone.

• 환경생물
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.428-438
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• 2003

Benthic marine algal community of Hakampo in the western coast of Korea was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. Seasonal assessments of species composition, biomass, dominant species in biomass and vertical distributional pattern were carried out from spring to winter. A total of 121 species was identified; 6 blue-green, 18 green, 16 brown, 81 red algae. In three sites investigated, 96 species were collected at Bunjeomdo, 75 at Maoe, and 57 at Doranggol, respectively. Dermocarpa sp. and Acrochaetium microscopicum were collected for the first time in Korea through this investigation. Dominant species in specific proportions of biomass were Sargassum thunbergii, Gloiopeltis furcata, Corallina spp., Symphyocladia latiuscula and Monostroma nitidum. Seasonal fluctuations of mean biomass were 31.59-427.69 g dry wt$.$$\mu \textrm m^{-2}$ at Bunjeomdo and 20.98-473.48 g dry wt$.$$\mu \textrm m^{-2}$ at Maoe, respectively, which were comparatively high in the western coast of Korea. Vertical distribution in intertidal zones was Gloiopeltis furcata-Gloiopeltis furcata and Corallina spp.-Corallina spp. and Sargassum thunbergii.