• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 1997

Six rape (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera) cultivars have been recommended as the government recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, the forage performance and quality have been mostly tested at two locations, such as Suweon in the Middle Northwestern Coast Region and Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of already recommended four government rape cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keongsan and Kwangju fiom 1992 to 1994 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Among the rape cultivars tested, 'Bamapoli' and 'Sparta' (including 'Ramon' at Kwangju) gave the highest yields at all locations in 1992-94, whereas 'Akela' had the lowest yield. Mean plant heights varied fiom 50 to 69cm and 'Bamapoli' was the tallest rape, followed by 'Sparta', 'Ramon' and 'Akela' at all locations. Mean ADF contents for rape cultivars ranged fiom 16.7% for 'Akela' to 19.3% for 'Bamapoli', while mean NDF contents ranged fiom 22.3% for 'Akela' to 24.9% for 'Bamapoli'. The government recommended rape cultivars tested were generally well adapted across the country, however, in forage production situations in the fall where high yield is more important, 'Bamapoli', 'Sparta' and 'Ramon' might be preferable.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.54-63
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the anatomical and ultrastructural responses of the oxyfluorfen-tolerant and -susceptible rice cultivars with barnyardgrass, a typical susceptible weed by oxyfluorfen and the herbicides having similar mode of action treatment. After the treatment of $10^{-5}M$ oxyfluorfen, the tolerant rice cultivars no showed the structural damage of leaf surface, but the susceptible rice cultivate was damaged in the wax and the susceptible barnyardgrass was even destroyed in the tissue irregularly. Also in the susceptible rice cultivars and barnyardgrass the thickness of leaf blade was greatly decreased. The anatomical change was not observed in the tolerant rice cultivars but epidermal cells, mesophyll cells and bundle sheath cells were badly broken in the susceptible rice cultivars and barnyardgrass and especially after 24 hours of the treatment the structure of susceptible rice cultivars was completely disintegrated. The irregularity of chloroplast shape and the distortion of chloroplast envelope were generally observed and the starch tended to decrease by oxyfluorfen treatment regardless of rice cultivars. Such a structural damage were appeared more badly in the susceptible rice cultivars and bamyardgrass than in the tolerant rice cultivars. By the treatment of diphenyl ether herbicides, the thickness of leaf blade greatly reduced in the order of oxyfluorfen > acifluorfen > bifenox > oxadiazon, and the susceptible rice cultivars showed more reduction than the tolerant rice cultivars. Especially, the susceptible rice cultivars showed that the leaf structure was badly broken down with damage epidermal cells and bundle sheath cells.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.4
• /
• pp.434-445
• /
• 2021

The content of major constituents and antioxidant activities of nine onion cultivars, namely yellow domestic cultivars Meapsihwang, Sinsunhwang, Yeonsinhwang, Yeongbohwang, and Yeongpoonghwang, red domestic cultivar Eumjinara, green domestic cultivar Sweetgreen, yellow-introduced cultivar Sunpower, and red-introduced cultivar Cheonjujeok, were compared. Yeongbohwang and Cheonjujeok had the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents among the six yellow and two red cultivars, respectively. The red cultivars displayed the highest DPPH and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activities (DRSAs and ARSAs, respectively) and reducing power (RP). Among all cultivars, Cheonjujeok and Eumjinara had the highest DRSA, while both red cultivars had similar ARSAs. Among the yellow cultivars, Sinsunhwang and Yeongbohwang showed excellent DRSAs. The RP of the domestic cultivars was slightly higher than that of the introduced cultivars. Thus, the domestic cultivar Yeongbohwang exhibited excellent characteristics among the yellow cultivars, while the red cultivars Eumjinara and Cheonjujeok were similar.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2007

The properties of two cultivars of japonica rice, Odae (early ripening variety) and Ilpum (late ripening variety), were compared. They grew on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium but the growth of both cultivars was strongly retarded by 50 mM or more salt. There was no clear difference between the growths of seedlings of the two cultivars for the first 24 h after germination. The amylopectin chain-length profiles of the two cultivars did not differ significantly, and amylopectin content was estimated at $16.0{\pm}0.4%$ in cv. Odae and $16.4{\pm}0.4%$ in cv. Ilpum. A total of 114 RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) fragments ranging from 0.4 to 2.5 kb were isolated from the two cultivars, 61 from cv. Odae and 53 from cv. Ilpum, indicating that there is little genetic variation between them.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.257-268
• /
• 2016

Physiological characteristics of five new apple cultivars from the Korean apple breeding program were evaluated as a function of harvest time and storage after harvest. Internal ethylene concentration (IEC), flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) were measured in 'Summer Dream', 'Summer King', 'Green Ball', 'Picnic', and 'Hwangok' apples at harvest, during shelf life at $20^{\circ}C$, and one day after cold storage at $0.5^{\circ}C$ in air. IEC increased during shelf life in 'Summer Dream', 'Summer King', and 'Green Ball' but not in 'Picnic' or 'Hwangok', regardless of harvest time. Flesh firmness decreased towards harvest time and decreased gradually with time in cold storage only in the former three cultivars. In turn, IEC increased during cold storage in the first three cultivars but not for the last two cultivars, irrespective of harvest time. Changes in SSC and TA did not consistently relate to harvest time or storage period but TA tended to decrease as IEC increased. Furthermore, IEC was negatively correlated with flesh firmness except in the 'Green Ball' cultivar but the significance level was much greater in 'Summer Dream' and 'Summer King' (p < 0.0001) than in 'Picnic' (p < 0.01) or 'Hwangok' (p < 0.05) cultivars. Flesh firmness was positively correlated with TA in the first three cultivars but not in the last two cultivars. Overall, the results indicate that cultivars for which IEC increased after harvest had reduced flesh firmness and TA after storage.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.339-344
• /
• 1998

Since the leaf inoculation procedures are time-consuming and require considerable growth chamber space, a rapid dioassay method for screening of pathogenicity of Didymella bryoniae, a casual agent of gummy stem blight in watermelon, was established in this paper. The method produced reliable results within 8 days ( 5 days for growing seedlings and 3 days for rapid disease response in the seedlings). After contaminants in the root of 4~5 day-old seedlings had been washed using sterilized water, 5 seedlings were dipped into a vial containing 12 ml of conidial suspension (106 cells/ml). After the vials were placed in a growth chamber (22$^{\circ}C$, RH 50%, 14hr light/10hr darkness) for 3 days, susceptibility and resistance of cultivars were determined by the degree of disease response on cotyledon. The result of obtained by the dip-inoculation method was well coincided with the results by the leaf inoculation procedures and the result that had been observed for several years in the field. Screening of collected watermelon cultivars by the dip-inoculation method revealed that all the 21 domestic cultivars collected were susceptible and only 3 foreign cultivars (PI 189225, PI 482322 and IT 188207) were resistant among 18 cultivars A cucumber cultivar (Marketer) and bitter cucumber were proven to be resistant against the D. bryoniae among 8 other different cucurbits tested. The SDS-PAGE patterns of total proteins from a susceptible (Keumcheon) and a resistant (PI 189225) watermelon cultivars were compared 0, 12, 24 and 36 hrs after inoculation. The amounts of two distinct protein bands (24 kDa and 70 kDa) were gradually increased after inoculation in both cultivars.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.264-273
• /
• 2007

In order to examine the cross-tolerance of two chilling-tolerant cultivars (Donganbyeo and Heukhyangbyeo) and two chilling-susceptible cultivars (Hyangmibyeo and Taekbaekbyeo) to salt, paraquat, and drought, changes of physiological response and antioxidant enzymes were investigated. The seedlings were grown in a growth chamber until the 4-leaf stage. The seedlings were exposed to chilling at $5^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. For drought treatment, the seedlings were subjected to drought by withholding water from plants for 5 days. For paraquat study, plants were sprayed with $300{\mu}M$ paraquat. For the salt stress, the seedlings were transferred to the Hoagland's nutrient solution containing 0.6% (w/v) NaCl for 4 days. Chilling-tolerant cultivars showed cross-tolerant to other stresses, salt, paraquat, and drought in physiological parameters, such as leaf injury, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and lipid peroxidation. The baseline levels of antioxidative enzyme activities, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities in chilling-tolerant cultivars were higher than in the chilling-susceptible cultivars. However, there were no differences in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities between chilling-tolerant and -susceptible cultivars in untreated control. CAT activity in chilling-tolerant cultivars was higher than that in chilling-susceptible cultivars during chilling, salt, and drought treatments, but not during paraquat treatment. However, other antioxidative enzymes, APX, POX, and GR activities showed no significant differences between chilling-tolerant and -susceptible cultivars during chilling, salt, paraquat, and drought treatments. Thus, it was assumed that CAT contribute to cross-tolerance mechanism of chilling, salt, and drought in rice plants.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.50 no.spc1
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2005

Three new rice farming systems, i.e. (1) straw-mulched no-till rice cropping system(SMNTRCS), (2)straw-mulched no-till rice-vetch cropping system (SMNTRWCS), (3)conventional rice-barley cropping system(CRVCS) have been established and compared with (4)conventional rice cropping system(CRCS). Grain appearance of brown rice of Korean native rice cultivars in SMNTRCS and SMNTRVCS were better than those in CRBCS and CRCS. Grain appearance of milled rice in SMNTRCS was better than those of other cropping systems. Korean native rice cultivars showed more white belly and broken rice than those of recommended rice cultivars. Mg and K contents of Korean native rice cultivars were the highest in SMNTRVCS. Protein contents of all the cultivars tested were the highest in SMNTRCS. Protein contents of Korean native cultivars were higher than those of recommended cultivars. Amylose contents of the cultivars tested were from 16 to 22 percent, while those of Aedal and Jenmjo were significantly higher than those of the other cultivars. Alkali digestibility values(ADV) of milled rice grain, tested in $1.2\%$ potassium hydroxide for 23 h at $30^{\circ}C$, showed varietal differences and the cultivars grown in CRBCS were the highest and the lowest in CRCS.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.203-206
• /
• 2000

Although lignans of sesame seed, sesamolin and sesamin have been known as possessing an antioxidant activity, it is less known about their contents of the sesame cultivated in Korea. Collections of sesame cultivated in Korea were used for studies on their lignans content of the seed and fatty acids composition of the oil. The sesamin content of sesame seed with white-coat were 370.29 mg/100g seed, while that of sesame seed with black-coat were 246.58mg/100g seed. Also, the sesamolin contents of sesame seed were 202.22 mg/100g seed in white-coat cultivars and 132.68 mg/100g seed in black-coat sesames. Hence, the lignan content of white-coat sesame cultivars was significantly hi임or than that of black-coat ones. Korean sesame cultivars also showed considerably higher sesamin content than sesamolin content in seeds. The correlation between sesamin and sesamolin contents was not recognized in Korean sesame cultivars. The stearic acid of white-coat sesame was significantly higher than that of black-coat one (p＜0.05).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.563-569
• /
• 2007

RAPD analysis showed that all the OTUs of 'Sandolbae' were the same species because amplified band patterns of all samples generated by each of 5 random primers were identical. Even though there were different environmental conditions, all the "Chuiangne" trees from three different places were the same species, and also all the "Cheongshilli" trees were the same species too. No genetic variations were detected between native Korean pears grown in the habitats and in the research field. Because 212 polymorphic bands were generated by 9 primers selected through primer screening, they were possible to analyze genetic relationship among naturally growing three native Korean pears and nine cultivars of Pyrus pyrifolia and P. communis. Based on the RAPD analysis, three main groups were formed. The first group represented the Six P. pyrifoia cultivars, the second group was the three native Korean pears, and the last group was the three P. communis cultivars. Genetic distance between 'Wonwhang' and 'Chojuro' was closer than other cultivars in group 1 since dissimilarity index value between these two cultivars was 50.82. However, genetic distance between 'Niitaka' and 'Chojuro' was the most distant compared to the others in group 1. In group 2, 'Sandlobae' was genetically closer to 'Chuiangne' than 'Cheongshilli' because dissimilarity index value between 'Sandlobae' and 'Chuiangne' was smaller, 50.82, than the value between 'Sandlobae' and 'Cheongshilli', 63.636. In group 3, 'Old Home' was genetically closer to 'Bartlett' than 'Kaiser Alexander(or Bosc)'. Group 3 composed of P. communis cultivars was genetically further than other two groups, P. pyrifolia cultivars and native Korean pears.