• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-32
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• 2014

This paper provides a corpus study on subjunctives in Korean in a way of comparative semantics. The whole arguments of this paper are bolstered by distributional evidence taken from naturally occurring bitexts (i.e. a bilingual corpus), in which one sentence in a language is aligned with one translation in the other language. Since previous studies regard past tense morphology as the main component to express irrealis and uncertainty, this paper accordingly checks out whether the past tense morpheme (e/a)ss in Korean is also responsible for conveying the meaning of subjunctives. My finding is that the past tense morpheme (e/a)ss is a sufficient condition for forming subjunctives in Korean. The current corpus study verifies that the past tense morpheme is not obligatorily used in present conditional counterfactuals in Korean, unlike English. Yet, if (e/a)ss is used and the antecedent denotes a present situation, the conditional sentence can only be interpreted as conveying counterfactuality. On the other hand, wish constructions in Korean, irrespective of the semantic tense, often contain the past tense morpheme. Hence, this work substantiates Iatridou (2000)'s theory of 'fake past tense' is applicable to Korean subjunctives. The present corpus study, additionally, reveals that a conditional marker telamyen is a component of expressing past counterfactuals in Korean.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.251-255
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of using songs for the acquisition of English Prosody in elementary school. For the purpose, 8 classes were chosen to teach songs for four months, and listening tests and reading test were performed for analyzing the effect. The result is as follows : (1) The result of listening test showed that the average scores of the experimental classes were higher than those of comparative classes, and it was more effective in lower grades than in upper grades. (2) In pronunciation tests, the pronunciations of experimental classes were more similar to native speaker's pronunciation that those of comparative classes in intonation, lexical stress and sentence stress. (3) Singing songs repeatedly is more important than learning many songs. It means that to give the chances to sing as many times as possible is advisable for teaching pronunciation.

• 인지과학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.301-321
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• 2013

본 논문은 텍스트의 응집도 측정과 텍스트 자동생성 시스템을 위한 기초기술 중 하나인 문장정렬 과제에 대한 연구로, 개체기반적(entity-based) 접근의 한 유형인 개체격자 모형(Entity-Grid model)과 벡터공간 모형에 기반한 LSA(Latent Semantic Analysis)를 모두 시도하고 결과를 서로 비교하였다. 개체격자 모형에 대한 기존 연구들에서 논의된 명사들의 통사역(syntactic role) 정보가 한국어 텍스트 정렬과제에 미치는 영향을 실험하고자 하였으며, 기존 독일어권 응용연구 결과와는 달리 긍정적인 결과를 얻었다. 이 과정에서 한국어의 격조사를 활용하는 전략을 취했으며, 이는 한국어의 격표지 정보가 한국어 텍스트의 응집성을 측정하는 데에 유용할 수 있다는 점을 보인 것이다. 그리고 개체격자 모형을 통한 결과를 LSA 기반 모형결과와 비교하여 양 모형의 장단점과 향후 개선점을 아울러 논의하였다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제65호
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• pp.51-65
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to compare ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) children with normal children in terms of the prosodic features. Materials are collected by the reading of Korean read sentences. They are composed of 10 declarative sentences, each of which was consisted of 5-6 words. Subjects are consisted of 10 ASD and 10 normal male children with a receptive vocabulary age of 5;0-6;5 years. We found out that both groups showed the differences not only in the tonal patterns at the end of the prosodic phrases, but also in both the degree of rising and falling slope related to pitch contour. While HL% and HLH% were highly emerged in sentence final position in normal group, HL% and HLH% were prominent in ASD group in the same position. LH% and LHL% IP types were observed only in ASD group in sentence medial position. The slope showing the variation in the fundamental frequency at the end of the prosodic phrase was twice as steep in the group of ASD children as in the group of normal children.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

Now a days in our society, occupation boundaries have become blurred, and come into the limelight in the prior occupation or miss about new workplace. Medical area is no exception also, So we face urgent problem about protecting and spreading RT work-sphere simultaneously. This research allow to identify on RT role area of digital environment that is obscure profession-realm specially, and open up a new field hereafter. We examined present RT role area of digital environment in the more than thirty medical facility(general or university hospital) through questionnaire/visit survey from PACS administrator. Survey sentence comprises total 29 sentence over all main quadrisection-(eX. hospital formation & treatment state and PACS team composition & organization and PACS team workplace and PACS team daily workload), We performed comparative analysis in general contents perspectively. further more, divided main 5 section based on upper analysis and then manufactured output in consideration of each medical facility's operation state. There are comparative problem of hospital policy, So we maintained information security of each facility exhaustively. First, we separated a survey output into main 5 section as follows-(eX. PACS server & maintenance manage, Client/interlock manage, PACS data conversion, 3D reconstruction, PACS data im/export)-that received by 35 medical facility. And then manufactured output with comparative analysis about RT role area each section, general IT managing team about medical environment was out of existence that fill up with RT manpower in the surveyed medical facility consequently. What is worse, hospitals that entirely fill up with another worker were 3 place amazingly. Our specific statistic results show, the respondents was 63% that agree with reorganization of formation base on independence team, and supplement of the personnel average -continuous with upper agreement simply-was about 2.64. Further more, if reorganization break out with only RT manpower, quota TO will increase by geometric progression. Protecting and spreading role workplace is much accounted of the our inevitable project surely and more than 95% PACS administrator's have confidence in this proposition unconditionally. Henceforth, look forward to meeting the RT vision of many-sided multiplayer, based on acquire a specialized IT knowledge actively and open up a new work-field with frontier spirit.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2011

This paper investigates whether listeners perceive a different level of politeness when the duration of the Korean sentence-final auxiliary particle '-yo' is varied. A total of 10 Korean sentences were manipulated by lengthening and shortening '-yo' by 10%, 20%, and 30%. The participants included native Korean speakers and Chinese and Japanese learners of Korean (n=10, respectively). They were asked to rate the level of politeness of the stimuli on a 9-point scale. It was found that Korean listeners perceived decreased politeness as the duration of '-yo' was shortened and increased politeness as it was lengthened. However, Chinese and Japanese listeners did not perceive a different level of politeness from the manipulated sentences. This finding suggests that it is important to teach L2 speakers that the duration of the auxiliary particle '-yo' plays a role in Korean listeners' perception of politeness.

• 음성과학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2004

This paper investigates previous theories on English focus realization and attempts to find out the overall acoustic characteristics of English focus. It has been argued in previous studies that English focus can be defined as a new information that is not recoverable from the context (Halliday 1967), a complementary element of presupposition (Jackendoff 1972), and what is predicated about the topic in a sentence (Sgall 1973, Gundel 1974). The phonetic realization of English focus in an utterance has been said to be either L+H*/H*, or falling accent. Yet it is a more or less simplified pattern not based on real data obtained from native speakers of English, and it does not consider the various pragmatic and contextual situations. In our experiments we found that native speakers uttered English focus sentences in different ways according to the different focus structure. Another notable result is that Korean speakers, when provided with the same experimental material, are neither able to distinguish different focus types nor deaccent the elements that are not focused in an utterance.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2003년도 5월 학술대회지
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• pp.219-222
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• 2003

In this paper, we study the usage of phoneme duration information for rejection garbage sentence. First, we build a phoneme duration modeling in a speech recognition system based on dicicion tree state tying, We assume that phone duration has a Gamma distribution. Next, we build a verification module in which word-level confidence measure is used. Finally, we make a comparative study on phoneme duration with speech DB obtained from the live system. This DB consistes of OOT(out-of-task) and ING(in-grammar) utterences. the usage of phone duration information yields that OOT recognition rate is improved by 46％ and that another 8.4％ error rate is reduced when combined with utterence verification module.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2021년도 제33회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.444-449
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• 2021

자연어처리에서 임베딩이란 사람의 언어를 컴퓨터가 이해할 수 있는 벡터로 변환한 것으로 자연어처리의 필수 요소 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 단어 기반 임베딩인 Word2Vec, GloVe, fastText와 문장 기반 임베딩 기법인 BERT와 M-USE, RoBERTa를 사용하여 한국어 문장 임베딩을 만들어 NSMC, KorNLI, KorSTS 세 가지 태스크에 대한 성능을 확인해보았다. 그 결과 태스크에 따라서 적합한 한국어 문장 임베딩 기법이 달라지며, 태스크에 따라서는 BERT의 평균 임베딩보다 GloVe의 평균 임베딩과 같은 단어 기반의 임베딩이 좋은 성능을 보일 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2021

읽기와 관련된 운율은 내용의 전체적인 맥락에 연결되어 독자가 전달하고자 하는 의미를 자연스럽게 표현할 수 있도록 음도, 강도, 발화속도 등의 변화로 나타난다. 읽기장애아동은 자연스러운 운율을 사용한 읽기에 어려움이 있어 표현력 있게 정보를 전달하지 못하는 경향이 있다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구는 문장 유형에 따른 읽기 과제를 통하여 읽기장애아동 집단과 일반아동 집단 간의 운율 특성 차이를 규명하였다. 초등학교 3-6학년 읽기장애아동 15명, 일반아동 15명을 대상으로 통사적으로 다양한 문장 유형(단문, 의도, 가정/조건, 관형절 내포문)에 따른 읽기 과제를 실시하였다. 읽기장애아동은 일반아동에 비해 음도 범위가 넓었으며 읽기 속도와 조음 속도가 느렸다. 또한 휴지 빈도가 높았으며 전체 휴지 지속시간도 길었다. 읽기장애아동은 문미 억양구와 문장 내 어절 단위 음도 기울기에서 일반아동에 비해 기울기 값이 컸으며 이상의 내용은 모두 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결과적으로 문장 유형에 따른 읽기 과제에서 읽기장애아동은 일반아동에 비해 자연스럽고 표현력 있는 읽기에 어려움을 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 읽기장애아동의 운율 특성을 파악하였고, 효과적인 중재를 위한 접근 방법의 필요성을 제시했다.