• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.401-411
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• 2000

The objectives of the thesis were to investigate the general trends of clothing conformity and clothing attitudes and to figure out the relationships between clothing conformity and clothing attitudes, and differences of clothing conformity and clothing attitudes between different genders and ages. The conformity includes clothing conformity by informational influence, by identificational influence, and by normative influence. And the clothing attitudes are fashion interests, pursuit of individuality, clothing importance. It was turned out that three types clothing conformity were closely related with variables of clothing attitudes(fashion interests, pursuit of individuality, clothing importance). Particularly, the clothing conformity by normative influence was negatively correlated with pursuit of individuality. And other clothing conformities were positively correlated with the variables of clothing attitudes. It was also turned out that school girls marked high points on the clothing conformity by informational influence and by identificational influence. Middle school students were influenced by identification idol. Most of middle and high school students were believed to recognize the importance of clothing, and they were pursueing both fashion and individuality simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.801-812
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• 2007

In this research, 128 stimuli of same-color coloration of lipstick and clothing were evaluated to the degree of harmony in the coordination of makeup and clothing color depending on the combination of eyeshadow color, lipstick color, lipstick tone, clothing style, and clothing tone. As to the brown eyeshadow, vivid lipstick and vivid, dull clothing, dull lipstick and light, dull, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dull, dark clothing among the combinations of red lipstick and clothing, vivid lipstick and vivid, light, dark clothing, dull lipstick and light, dull, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dark, clothing among the combinations of orange lipstick and clothing were evaluated as harmonious coloration regardless of the clothing style. As to the violet eyeshadow, vivid lipstick and vivid clothing, dull lipstick and light, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dull, dark clothing among the combinations of red lipstick and clothing, vivid lipstick and vivid, dull clothing, dull lipstick and vivid, light, dull clothing, dark lipstick and vivid, dull, dark clothing among the purple lipstick and clothing were evaluated as harmonious coloration regardless of the clothing style. Thus, the degree of harmony cannot only be different according to the clothing style even in the same coloration, but also the same clothing style can be perceived to be different degree of harmony depending on how the color and tone of clothing and lipstick are coordinate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.142-156
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to examine the reason, = of clothing discard and to investigate the influences of demographic and clothing variables on the clothing discard behavior Data were collected from 610 women who lived in Seoul and Kwangjoo. By means of factor analysis, 6 general factors of clothing discard reason.; were extracted The 6 factors were named as dissatisfaction with appropriateness, physically worn out, dissatisfaction with clothing quality, fashion change, boredom, inconvinience. Among the five clothing items (suits or one pieces, jackets, jumpers, shirts or blouses, skirts or pants), there existed differences in the reason factors of clothing discard The relationships between clothing discard behavior (reason factors of clothing discard, peviods of clothing utilization) and variables like user's age, degrees of satisfaction with clothing, clothing items were also examined. There existed significant differences among the age groups and the groups classified by clothing satisfaction degrees in the reason factors of clothing discard and in the Periods of clothing utilization. Periods of clothing utilization were also differed by the clothing items. As user's a age grew older, periods of clothing utilization increased and the rates of clothing discard because of dissatisfaction with appropriateness, and dissatisfaction with clothing quality, boredom, inconvinience factors were decreased. As the degrees of satisfaction with clothes increased, the periods of clothing utilization also increased and the rates of clothing discard because of dissatisfaction with appropriateness, and dissatisfaction with clothing quality, inconvinience factors decreased. And the rates of clothing discard because of physically worn out factor increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.18
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• pp.195-210
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• 1992

The present research analyzed the social meaning of Korean clothing in women's magazine. The data were included the advertisements and publicity related to Korean clothing in two women's magazines and condensed at 5 year intervals with content analysis. The identified 276 advertisements and publicity were categorized into four areas. The categories were the trend of exterior growth of advertisements and publicity, appeals and approach, the elements of advertisements and publicity including background, the relation of models, situations, and styles of Korean clothing over times. The results of the study were as Follows: 1. In conjunction with external growth of advertisements and publicity of Korean clothing, the social meaning of Korean clothing has changed from ceremonial clothing to daily-wear clothing. Especially since 1980, the theme of advertisement and publicity of Korean clothing were changed form the beauty of traditional Korean clothing such as grace of dignity to the individuality which was the typical value of western Clothing. 2. The trends of appeals related to Korean clothing and applied Korean clothing have reflected the changing time and society. Since 1980, the emotional or mixed approach with metaphor have increased, whereas factual or situational approach were dominated in 1960s and 1970s. 3. The styles including silhouette, detail, textile and pattern of Korean clothing and applied Korean clothing also reflected the changing trends of Korean society. Especially since 1980, the applied style of Korean clothing has adopted the trends of western clothing. Implications for the future research were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.227-235
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to identify the variables influential on Normative Clothing Conformity, Identificational Clothing Conformity, Clothing Anticonformity, and Clothing Independence. Four clothing-related variables (importance of clothing, confidence of clothing, recognition of clothing norm, and perceived risk of clothing), two personality variables (confer-mistic character and self-esteem) and six demographic variable (sex, age, years of education, job, income, and length of career) were included in the analysis. The responses of 714 fulltime employeed subjects from four different cities were analyzed. Business wear was used as the situational stimulus. As the results, career people conformed more identificationally when they felt clothing was important, had conformistic character, had low self-esteem, and felt psychological risk of clothing. They conformed more normatively when they felt social risk of clothing, recognized the clothing norms of the fim, had confoirnistic character, and recognized the clothing norms of the society. They anticonformed more when they felt clothing was important, were female, did not have conformistic character, had confidence of clothing, and felt less performance risk of clothing. And they acted more independently in clothing behavior when they had confidence of clothing, did not have conformistic character, felt peformance risk of clothing, and felt less social risk of clothing.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.108-116
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• 2022

The children's clothing market continues to grow in Korea, despite the declining total fertility rate. This study aims to investigate the changes in Korean children's clothing market according to the launching time of brands. To this end, it analyzed 90 children's clothing brands in 2019. The results of this study are as follows. These children's clothing brands had been actively launched since 2000. Although the total fertility rate in Korea has dropped to approximately one percent, the number of children's clothing brands has increased significantly each year since 2005. Sixteen children's clothing brands were launched between 2005 and 2009, twenty-three were launched between 2010 and 2014, and thirty-five were launched between 2015 and 2019. Various brands are competing in Korean children's clothing market. Overseas brands have continued to expand their market share while the market share of domestic brands has decreased continuously. Clothing brands, including adult clothing brands other than children's clothing brands, are actively entering Korean children's clothing market. Many overseas, luxury, and sportswear brands have entered Korean children's clothing market. Many sportswear brands have launched children's clothing brands, with a significant increase since 2013. The results of this study show that Korean children's clothing market has changed from a local market to a global fashion market.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.488-500
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• 2011

This study analyzes medical clothing trends and provides future directions for research. Based on 38 patents in Korea and 221 patents in the USA, the contents of patents were analyzed by year, subject, clothing type, and specific content. The results are as follows. The number of patent applications in Korea and the USA was found to be increasing. The distribution by subject was in the order of patient clothing, medical personnel clothing, and materials for medical clothing. Clothing of various types such as upper garment, bottoms, pajamas, gowns, and jump-suits were observed in patient clothing comparatively. However, gowns occupied a higher portion in medical personnel clothing. Patents in the USA related to patient clothing included patient clothing that provided examination convenience, monitoring patient clothing, patient clothing revising appearance, and patient clothing that assisted in movement. Korean patents related to patient clothing include functional patient clothing, patient clothing providing examination convenience, clothing for Alzheimer patients, and monitoring patient clothing. Many of the patents related to medical personnel clothing were about surgery gowns and mainly concerned with developments related to devices that allows putting on gowns while maintaining a sterile state and functionality to prevent liquid permeation. Regarding materials for medical clothing, there were many applications on breathability and liquid impermeable materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.2 s.38
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• pp.173-187
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• 1991

The purposes of this study were to investigate the clothing attitude of college living in different culture area and to find out the critical factors which have an effect on their attitude. Samples subjected to this study were 774 college students consisted of 368 Korean students living in Seoul, 286 American students and 120 Korean students resident in New York. Clothing attitude was Measured by questionnaires composed of four variables; Clothing Attitude, the aspect of clothing habit, self·esteem and demographic variables. The statistical data were analyzed by t-test, $x^{2}-test$, ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test, Factor analysis, multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were as follows: 1. There was significant difference in all clothing attitude variables except expression of personality and personal satisfaction according to culture area. 2. There was significant difference in factors which have an effect on clothing attitude according to culture area. 2-1) Clothing attitude of Korean students were more affected by self-esteem than that of American students and Korean students resident in N.Y. 2-2) Clothing attitude of Korean students were more affected by sex, grade, major and income than that of American students and Korean students resident in N.Y. 3. The most influential variables on clothing attitudes of college students turned out to be self-esteem and cultural area. Other variables such as sex, major and income had some effect on clothing attitude such as sex, major and income had some effect on clothing attitude. 4. There was significant difference in the aspect of clothing habit according to culture area. 4-1) There was significant difference in all aspect of clothing wearing variables according to culture area; clothing wearing motives, influence by reference group about dress, dress accord- ing to uses. 4-2) There was significant difference in all of clothing buying behavior variables according to culture area; the factor on clothing selection, the place of clothing buying.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of clothing behavior with such psychological variables as self-esteem and impulsiveness, to disclose the relationship between children's clothing behavior and their mother's child-rearing attitueds, to investigate the levels of clothing behavior according to children's sex and their mothers having job. Questionaires for clothing behavior and child-rearing attitudes were chosen from ones which were used in privious studies, and the items were selected on the Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient. For mearsurement of impulsiveness, a portion of "personality Inventory" by Beommo Chung was used, while Robinson and Shaver's self-esteem scale was adopted for mearsutement of self-esteem. Clothing behavior was composed of 6 variables: clothing interest, clothing satisfation, clothing management, clothing sex-role, clothing comfort, and clothing independence. Samples were 380 boys and girls (4th, 5th, 6th grade) of three elementary schools in Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient, t-test, F-test, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Self-esteem had positive relations with clothing satisfaction, clothing management, and clothing sex-role. Girls who had higher self-esteem were less interested in traditional sex-role attitudes in clothing. Boys who had higher self-esteem were higher in clothing independence. 2. Those who had higher impulsiveness were higher in clothing interest, but lowere in clothing satisfaction, clothing management, and clothing independence. 3. Loving and receptive child-rearing attitude had positive relations with clothing satisfaction and clothing management, but a negative relation with clothing sex-role. When mothers had higher loving and receptive child-rearing attitude, their sons had higher traditional attitude in clothing sex-role. Democratic and self-regulating child-rearing attitude had no relation with clothing behavior. 4. To lpredict clothing satisfaction, 4 independent variables (selfesteem, impulsiveness, mother's loving and receptive child-rearing attitude, and mother's democratic and self-regulating child-rearing attitude) were selected. The explanatory power of the four variables was 15%. Clothing satisfaction was most influenced by self-esteem, and not significantly influenced by mother's child-rearing attitudes. 5. Clothing interest and clothing management were higher with the girls than with the boys, while clothing comfort was higher with the bodys. 6. When children's mothers had a job, the children tended to have higher liberal attitudes in clothing sex-role.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.4 s.218
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• pp.65-74
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between shopping value and clothing shopping orientation according to clothing involvement. The study subjdects comprised 298 females living in Seoul. The data were analyzed with factor analysis, correlation, t-test, cluster analysis and regression analysis. Clothing involvement, shopping value and clothing shopping orientation consisted of various factors. Clothing involvement influenced various shopping values and orientations. According to three clothing involvement factors, women were classified into two clusters(: high and low involvement groups). In the two groups, there was an intimate relationship between shopping value and shopping orientation, while there were significant differences in shopping value, clothing shopping orientation, and clothing purchasing behavior. In addition, shopping value have influenced shopping orientations and clothing purchasing behavior, while shopping orientations influenced clothing purchasing behavior. As a result, the successful marketer should know the consumer's clothing involvement and shopping value as well as clothing shopping orientation.