• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.10 no.1 s.19
• /
• pp.55-57
• /
• 2004

On occasion there were reports of foreign body of paranasal sinuses. Most common site is the maxillary sinus. But it is very rare to experience a long-term foreign body in maxillary sinus. There are two types of maxillary foreign bodies according to etiology, one is caused by various traumatic accidents, and the other is iatrogenic cause which mainly retaining gauze or medical instruments after sinus operation or teeth extraction. We experienced an interesting case of over fifty yews resided metal foreign body in maxillary sinus caused sinusitis, and report with a brief literature review.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.122-142
• /
• 2018

In the virtual fitting system, the use of a 3D avatar is not a simple garment model, but it should be able to reproduce the size and shape of the customer using a fitting system. Although various virtual fitting systems have their own 3D avatar sizing systems and provide 3D avatars that match the size of the customer, there are limitations in realizing the actual body shape in actual use by the consumer. The purpose of this study is to realize a 3D avatar with excellent size and conformity for customer use. Therefore, this study aims to provide basic data for the formation of a 3D standard avatar of Korean women aged in their 20's, by comparing and analyzing the degree of the consumer user friendly system change of a body type, and the consumer's ability in selecting a consumer representative body type. Based on the survey data of 'Size Korea' conducted from 2004 to 2015 at three times, we examined the change of body shape over 10 years. Then, based on the results of 6th and 7th data, 4 factors of the concurrent body shape change of women of the consumer demographic studied were selected through the use of a factor analysis. Following this analysis, the 4 extracted factors were clustered again and finally released 7 representative body types, which were obtained based on height and weight. The size of each representative figure is derived by the use of a regression analysis, and it is used as a basic data for 3D avatar formation of the virtual fitting system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.28 no.910
• /
• pp.1219-1230
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to compare the physical shapes of Korean males in their 20s between those residing in Yenbien, China and those living in Korea. Measurements were checked fur 57 items on 167 Korean male residents in Yenbien, China and 295 Korean male residents in Seoul and the other large cities around it. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The comparison of 58 items in physical measurements of Korean male residents in China and those in Korea showed differences in 49 items. Korean male residents in China had the smaller physical shapes short in limbs and height. 2. The comparison of the factor analysis results for physical measurements did not reveal big differences. In terms of the contribution of variables, however, obesity played an exceptionally large role fur Korean residents in China, while the importance of obesity and vertical length were similar for those in Korea. 3. The comparison of the physical shapes according to the grouping resulted in three types each for both groups, with different features for individual types. Korean residents in China were grouped according to the obesity factor rather than the changes in height, while those in Korea were classified according to both vertical length and obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.55 no.4 s.94
• /
• pp.49-61
• /
• 2005

This study is to research the types and formation of the pieces for fastening the clothing in the western and oriental world from 18c to 19c. The pieces for fastening the clothing, depending on their formation, are classified as the ribbon type, the belt type, the button type, and the compound type. The ribbon type indicates fastening the clothing with the strips attached to the clothes. It is divided into the symmetry type and the asymmetry type by the looks of the ribbon alter it is tied. The belt type means fastening the clothing with a string or a belt, separated from the clothes. It is divided into the string type and the belt type. The button type is to fasten the clothing with buttons, button holes, and hooks. It is divided into the basic type, the wrapping type, and the knot type. The compound type is a mixture of two or three types out of the ribbon type, the belt type, and the button type. The pieces for fastening the clothing has aesthetic features as well as their functional characteristics. It has beautiful features like the harmonious beauty of Yin and Yen shown in the asymmetrical types, the beauty of spell wishing for health, long-life, wealth, wisdom, and so on, the beauty of decency showing the intention of refraining from exposing their body in public, the beauty of eroticism emphasizing the beauty of the human body, and the beauty of representing their social class, authority, affiliation, and so on.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.1 no.3
• /
• pp.233-240
• /
• 1997

Neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus are involved in descending modulation of nociceptive transmission. In this study, we attempted to investigate electrophysiological properties of the NRM neurons dissociated from the postnatal rat medulla. The NRM neurons in the coronal slices of and the dissociated neurons from the postnatal rat medullae were immunohistochemically identified using antibody against serotonin. Relatively small number of neurons were positively stained in both preparations. The positively stained neurons displayed large cell body with double or multiple neurites. Using whole-cell patch clamp configuration ionic currents were recorded from the dissociated NRM-like neurons selected by criteria such as size and shape of cell body and cell population. Two types, high- and low-threshold, of voltage-dependent calcium currents were recorded from the dissociated NRM-like neurons. Some neurons displayed both types of calcium currents, whereas others displayed only high-threshold calcium current. Voltage-dependent potassium currents were also recorded from the dissociated NRM neurons. Some neurons displayed both transient outward and delayed rectifier currents but others showed only delayed rectifier current. These results suggest that there are at least two types of calcium currents and two types of potassium currents in the dissociated NRM neurons.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.319-327
• /
• 2001

The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of thermal radiation environments on human thermal comfort, depending on different canyon types and surface materials on the human thermal comfort in a housing complex in Pohang city, Korea. For this purpose, the operative temperature and new effective temperature were calculated based on the modified mean radiant temperature of canyon models variated by the existence of direct radiation existence, surface materials, and the width and length of the street spaces in a housing complex. These indices for the canyon have been calculated from the meteorological data of Pohang city, which include air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, global solar radiation and cloud. And the monthly averages of these climate factors measured at noon have been used. The results are as follows: (1) It is revealed that the short-wave radiosity reached the human body is affected by direct solar radiation and surface materials, and the long-wave radiosity by canyon types. (2) The existence of direct solar radiation, the kinds of surface materials and canyon types affect operative temperature($OT_n$) and new effective temperature($ET^*{_n}$). (3) The analysis of the human heat balance in the canyon indicates that the influence of radiation on human body is marc likely to be affected by the existence of direct solar radiation on human model.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.7-18
• /
• 2019

The "Imwon Gyeongjeji(林園經濟志)", the largest encyclopedia of the Late Joseon Dynasty covers the details of the materials and construction methods related to everyday life's facilities. It is very useful to examine the "Imwon Gyeongjeji" for studying the materials and construction methods of the fences in traditional dwellings. Therefore, we tried to find the characteristics of the traditional fences exhibited in the "Imwon Gyeongjeji" by examining the construction methods shown in the book by structure of the fence. The results are as follow. First, the nine types of fence were listed in the "Imwon Gyeongjeji". Second, we could figure out the construction methods according to the structure of fences. The fence is divided into three parts: foundation, body, and roof. The body of the fence is a characteristic part distinguishing the types of fence. The foundation and the roof are related to the durability of the fence, regardless of the type of fence. The "Imwon Gyeongjeji" showed a robust manner in building fences than known today. Third, we found that the introductions and transformations of certain fence types. Fences such as Chuibyong(翠屛), Jeon Doldam(甎墻) and Bunjang were originated from China, yet has developed unique Korean styles in Joseon. It could also be seen that Kajo Zhang(哥窯墻) and Yonglong Zhang(玲瓏墻) were special fence types imported from China. It is not certain that the fences depicted in the "Imwon Gyeongjeji", represent the whole features of Joseon fences, but it is certainly an important literature to understand the structure and design of traditional fences of the Late Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.10
• /
• pp.117-127
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the direct measurement data of 40-59 year old middle-aged men from Size Korea's 7th anthropometric survey, and to identify the body shape characteristics and to type the body shape of middle-aged men. Through this, this study aimed to provide basic data necessary for the clothing patterns of middle-aged men with excellent fit. The data was SPSS Ver. 24.0 program analysis. Factors extracted six including body horizontal, vertical, shoulder, waist front length, leg thickness, and shoulder deflections. The body shape of middle-aged men was classified into three types. Type 1 had a thin body circumference, a narrow width, a low height, a short waist front length, and a thin ankle and calf. Type 2 had a high body height, a long waist front length, a normal circumference and width, a thick ankle, a calf, and a sagging shoulder. Type 3 had a large body circumference, a wide body, a wide shoulder, and a long waist front length. A prominent feature of the changes in body shape of middle-aged men is the increase in the circumference and thickness items due to abdominal protrusion and fat accumulation. Therefore, pattern design according to these physical characteristics is considered to be necessary.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.590-599
• /
• 2009

In this paper, a method of modeling seat belts on crew seat during dynamic seat testing was studied. The body segments of the occupant were modeled with joints. The joints consisted with various stiffnesses, dampings, and frictions. Three types of seat belt restraint systems were investigated. The analysis for on the injury assessment of helicopter's crew under drop impact was conducted. The effectiveness of the seat belt system for crashworthiness and safety was evaluated. As the results of impact analysis, head, neck and spine of the crew can be easily damaged in the vertical direction more than the longitudinal direction. Based on the verified model, behavior of human body was studied with three-point restraint systems. The displacement and injury level of the 12-point restraint system was the smallest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.749-753
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to design of a linear feeder using a multi body dynamic program, and to analyze a dynamic motion of the feeder that can transport small mechanical parts uniformly. In order to establish the analysis model of the linear feeder, each parts of the feeder are divided into two types which the rigid and flexible body. For the dynamic simulation, RecurDyn, which is a commercial multi-body dynamic package, is used. We also consider the design parameters for optimal dynamic motion such as centroid, stiffness, and mass of the feeder system. In order to analyze the dynamic motion of a linear feeder, the displacements of the feeder are measured by several accelerometers when it is in an operating condition. After the signal data from the accelerometers are captured in the time domain, the dynamic motion in the space is visualized by using graphic computer software.