• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2024

조류를 모티브로 디자인한 작품은 예나 지금이나 꾸준히 인기를 끌고 있다. 특히 신화에 나오는 조류를 모티브로 디자인 작품들이 큰 사랑을 받고 있다. 그래서 본 연구는 중국 신화의 대표작인 산해경 중에서 조류를 모티브로 한 주얼리 디자인을 연구하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 산해경에서 등장한 조류의 특징을 분석하였으며, 그 조류들을 모티브로 한 디자인 사례를 조사하였다. 산해경에 등장하는 조류는 크게 신조(divine birds)와 괴조(monstrous birds)로 구분되며, 신조는 주로 다양한 색상의 조합 및 통일된 색조로, 괴조는 주로 대비가 강한 적색, 녹색 및 흰색으로 표현하고 있다. 산해경 속의 조류를 모티브로 한 장신구의 형태, 색상 및 상징성을 분석했다. 이러한 작품들은 주로 다양한 색상(multicolored color), 녹색 및 적색을 사용했다. 시대 배경 및 디자인 형태의 관련성을 통해 산해경의 기원과 관련된 시대에서 형태와 패턴을 적용하여 디자인했다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 신화적인 조류 디자인에 관심을 가지는 디자이너들에게 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2003

Habitat pattern and distribution of the water birds were analyzed along the Hyungsan River on nine sites during fifteen months from January 2001 to March 2002. Water birds including 16,186 individuals and 86 species in total were observed from all the surveyed sites at the downstream of the Hyungsan river. Site 5, which has been observed 4,669 individuals and 60 species of the birds, was the most favorite habitat for the water birds in the Hyungsan River. And the diversity of water birds from the Hyungsan river showed the fewest species and individual numbers of the water birds at the site 2 located at the estuary of the river and site 3, the small reservoir for filtering of the draining water from the industrial area. The similarity between habitats in the Hyungsan river was divided of three groups by the cluster analysis with the bird species and individual numbers such as coastal area, estuary sites, and rice paddy field areas.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine elementary teachers' perception on birds and problems on teaching it. For this study, the science textbooks from 3rd grade to 6th grade according to the 7th national curriculum were analyzed. Results revealed that, firstly, there were 34 bird species recorded and these were described 55 times in the surveyed textbooks. Secondly, the survey showed that $20\%$ of the teachers were interested in birds despite the fact that $98\%$ of them had no special knowledge about birds nor had studied them in college. Additionally, it was revealed that $41\%$ of the teachers felt lacking in specialist knowledge about birds and this lead to difficulties in teaching on this subject. Thirdly, academic backgrounds had an affect teachers' perceptions on teaching this area. The teachers' levels of interest in birds and the teachers' ratio of teaching on this topic tended to increase as their academic careers developed, and the proportion of male teachers in this category were higher than female teachers. To overcome difficulty in teaching on this area, it is suggested that a reconstitution of subject materials, as well as a revision of the teachers' guidebooks be undertaken.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.970-984
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• 2022

Thermal stress is a tremendous health predicament encountered by poultry farmers with adverse effects on the performance, product stature, health condition, survival, and overall welfare of poultry birds, and so requires urgent dietary user-friendly strategy to curb. This study was conducted with 200-day old broilers for the purpose of investigating the potential of phytogenics in refining the negative effects of heat stress on broiler chicken. Moringa, Phyllanthus and mistletoe leaves were processed as phytogenic supplements and incorporated into standard ration for broilers as treatments B1 (control), B2, B3 and B4 diet during the peak of thermal discomfort in humid tropics. Growth and carcass indices were monitored in a 49-day trial and blood samples were harvested at the end of the ordeal period to assess haematology, serum biochemical and oxidative stress markers with the use of standard procedures. The results obtained showed that the prevailing environmental condition in the study site indicated that the birds were exposed to heat stress. Birds fed on moringa and mistletoe supplements had higher performance index than birds without supplementation during heat stress condition, while birds fed on mistletoe supplement had the highest survival rate across the treatments. The liveweight, slaughter weight, dressed weight and eviscerated weight of heat stressed birds fed on moringa, phyllanthus and mistletoe supplements were significantly higher than birds on control treatment. Heterophyl/lymphocyte ratio of heat stressed birds without supplement were higher than birds on phytogenic supplements, with least values recorded in phyllanthus and mistletoe fed birds. Birds on phytogenic supplement tend to have lower cholesterol profile, lipid peroxidation and better antioxidant profile than birds on control treatment during heat stress conditions. Mistletoe supplementation in broiler ration enhances the survival rate, as well as promotes growth indices better among the phytogenic supplements. However, phytogenic supplements did ameliorate the negative effects of thermal discomfort on performance, physiological and oxidative stress in heat-stressed broiler chicken.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 1991

성형목탄가루 함유사료(CPD)를 급여한 밝은 대조에 비해서 분질소(FN)는 유의하게 (P＜0.05)많이 요질소(UN)는 유의하게(P＜0.05) 낮게 배설하였다. 단백질 소화율은 88∼92％였으며 대조에 비해서 CPD를 급여하면 유의하게(P＜0.05) 낮아졌으나 목초액 또는 양조식초의 영향은 관찰되지 않았다. 총질소섭취량(NI)에 대한 요질소(UN/NI)와 흡수질소(AN)에 대한 요질소(UN/AN)의 비율은 대조에 비해서 CPD를 급여하면 유의하게 (P＜0.05) 낮아지나, 이에 비해서 목초액 함유사료(PWV)에서는 높아지는 경향이 있고 양조식초 함유사료(PFA)에서는 유의하게 (P＜0.05) 높았다. 총질소 섭취량에 대한 요산태 질소(UAN/NI) 및 UAN/AN도 대조에 비해서 CPD를 급여하면 유의하게 낮아지나, 이에 비해서 PWV에서는 높아지는 경향이 있고 PFA에서는 유의하게 (P＜0.05) 높아졌다. 그러나 총질소 또는 흡수된 질소에 대한 암모니아태 질소율은 대조에 비해서 실험사료를 급여하면 일반적으로 높아지는 경향이 있었고 PPA에서는 유의하게(P＜0.05) 높았고, 크레아틴 및 요소태 질소의 배설은 실험사료의 영향이 관찰되지 않았다. 에너지 소화율(DE/GE)은 80∼84％로 실험사료 사이에 유의차가 발견되지 않았으나, 대사율(ME/GE또는 MEn/GE)은 대조사료를 급여한 것에 비해서 CPD및 V를 급여하면 높아지는 경향이 있었고 PFA를 급여한 것에서는 낮아지는 경향이 있었다. 한편 ME/GE는 PFA를 급여한 것에 비해서 PWV를 급여한 것에서 유의하게 (P＜0.05) 높았고, MEn/GE는 PFA를 급여한 것에 비해서 대조 및 CPD를 급여한 것에서 유의하게 (P＜0.05) 높았다. 이러한 대사율의 변화에 미치는 분에너지의 비율은 실험사료에 관계없이 16∼23％가 되었고, 요에너지는 2.3∼3.0％로 적었다. 그러나 대사율에 미치는 실험 사료의 영향은 분에너지의 변화보다는 주로 요에너지 변화에 기인하였고 요에너지 변화는 주로 요산에너지의 변화에 기인한다는 것이 관찰되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2012

For this paper, a study targeting 9 forest patches in Dangjin to suggest for the wild birds, was conducted. The correlation between the emergence of wild birds and the forest vegetation was analyzed, and the patterns of forest vegetation for the improvement of species diversity were suggested by classifying wild birds and foraging guild by the type of forest vegetation. As for the characteristics of the wild birds emerged, more species and bigger population appeared in the vegetation type of mixed stand forest where the natural deciduous broadleaf trees and evergreen needleleaf trees coexisted in the large scale vegetation area. Thus, it was known that the advent of summer migratory birds and resident birds were affected the most by forest patches and vegetation types. As for foraging guild, the larger the forest paches the more the species and the population of the wild birds inhabiting in shrubs and bushes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2018

Cryptosporidium is the most common protozoan that can infect a wide range of animals, including mammals and birds. Avian Cryptosporidium spp. can cause enteric and respiratory diseases which can be fatal in birds and some species are zoonotic. Companion birds have the potential as reservoir due to their close contact with humans. Pet shops are the major source of companion birds. However, few reports are available regarding Cryptosporidium spp. infection among companion birds kept in pet shops. The present study reports the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. among companion birds kept in pet shops in Japan. A total of 265 fresh fecal samples were obtained from birds kept in 4 pet shops; these birds belonged to 41 species in 3 bird orders. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the small subunit rRNA gene was employed for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. A total of 24 samples (9.1%) were positive, and Cryptosporidium spp. were detected from all pet shops. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in each of the bird orders was 6.5% (10/153) in Psittaciformes, 14.4% (13/90) in Passeriformes, and 4.5% (1/22) in Galliformes. Based on sequence analysis, 13 (54.2%) isolates were classified to C. galli, 8 (33.3%) were avian genotype III, and the remaining 3 (12.5%) were C. baileyi. No infection with zoonotic C. meleagridis and no coinfection with multiple Cryptosporidium spp. and/or genotypes were observed. The zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. infecting companion birds kept in pet shops in Japan is likely to be low.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.635-644
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• 2016

Birds play a main role in the formation and change of forest structures as they are seed-dispersal agents. This study aims to identify birds consuming fruits and seeds of the tree and their associated fruits and seeds on Jeju Island in the context on the forest restoration in Korea. We conducted field surveys twice a month from 2013 to 2015 at nine study sites located across Jeju Island and collected available photographic and observation records. A total of 50 species of birds consuming fruits and seeds of the tree were identified and birds belonging to Bombycillidae, Pycnonotidae, Zosteropidae, Sturnidae and Fringillidae were confirmed as major birds consuming fruits and seeds of the tree. Gulping was the dominant type of feeding as well as crushing, but relationship between the size of a bird and the number of fruit and seed species used by the bird was not significant. We also documented that 118 fruit and seed species were consumed by birds and that shrubby fruits and seeds were more consumed by birds than those of other plant types. The relative consumption rate of fruits and seeds ranged from 0.02 to 0.44, but five species were the most important fruits and seeds for birds. Our finding suggest that avian frugivorous gulpers will benefit the seed dispersal, especially of five fruiting plants, providing useful baseline data for forest restoration and urban park design.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.927-936
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• 2022

The effects of seasonal differences and crating densities on the preslaughter losses, breast meat quality, and physiological indices of broilers were determined. A total of 600 broilers aged 35 days were divided into 10 treatment groups based on five crating densities (10.3, 11.5, 12.8, 14.1, 15.4 birds·m^-2) with two seasons (i.e., summer and winter) to give six replicates and were placed at various locations in the truck. The birds were transported in crates having dimensions of 1.0 m × 0.78 m × 0.26 m. The transportation distance was 20 km for 40 minutes (average 30 - 50 km·h^-1) during the early morning. The results revealed that broilers transported at densities of 14.1 and 15.4 birds·m^-2 recorded lower (p < 0.05) pH, water-holding capacity (WHC), and muscle redness compared to those at densities of 11.5 birds·m^-2. Furthermore, higher (p < 0.05) cooking loss was found in birds stocked at more than 14.1 birds·m^-2 compared to the other treatments. However, no effect (p > 0.05) with different crating densities on body weight loss, carcass traits, glucose, lactate, or muscle yellowness was observed. Crating density of 14.1 birds·m^-2 showed lower (p < 0.05) cortisol contents compared with birds at 10.3 and 15.4 birds·m^-2. Winter transportation had higher (p < 0.05) relative breast meat weight, cooking loss, muscle redness, and cortisol contents whereas summer transportation had higher (p < 0.05) glucose and lactate contents in the blood plasma of broilers. In conclusion, the stocking of 12.8 birds·m^-2 is recommended to minimize stress responses and undesirable changes that could negatively affect muscle quality.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 2017

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of avian pox on wild bird population by investigating the avian pox infection in migratory birds of a stopover site. 3,565 birds in 116 species were examined for avian pox in migratory birds at the Heuksando island in South Korea during the spring and fall of 2011. 20 birds in 12 species were found pox-like lesions and 5 birds were diagnosed by avian pox using PCR: Pale Thrush (Turdus pallidus), Yellow-breasted Bunting (Emberiza aureola), Yellow-throated Bunting (Emberiza elegans), Rustic Bunting (Emberiza rustica), Black-faced Bunting (Emberiza spodocephala). To our knowledge, this is the first report of avian pox detected in these 5 species of the world.