• Title/Summary/Keyword: Korean Society of Plant Protection

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Morphology and Molecular Characterization of Alternaria argyranthemi on Chrysanthemum coronarium in China

  • Luo, Huan;Xia, Zhen Zhou;Chen, Yun Yun;Zhou, Yi;Deng, Jian Xin
    • Mycobiology
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.278-282
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    • 2018
  • Chrysanthemum coronarium is an economically important plant in Asia, and used medicinally, ornamentally and as a vegetable. In April 2017, leaf spot disease on C. coronarium was observed in Shiyan, Hubei, China. A single-spore isolate was obtained and identified based on morphology and sequence analysis using four regions (rDNA ITS, GAPDH, $EF-1{\alpha}$, and RPB2). The results indicated that the fungus is Alternaria argyranthemi. The pathogenicity tests revealed that the species could cause severe leaf spot and blight disease on the host. This is the first report of leaf spot disease on C. coronarium caused by A. argyranthemi in the world, which is also a new record of Alternaria species in China.

Characteristics of the Infection of Tilletia laevis Kuhn (syn. Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro.) in Compatible Wheat

  • Ren, Zhaoyu;Zhang, Wei;Wang, Mengke;Gao, Haifeng;Shen, Huimin;Wang, Chunping;Liu, Taiguo;Chen, Wanquan;Gao, Li
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.437-445
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    • 2021
  • Tilletia laevis Kuhn (syn. Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro.) causes wheat common bunt, which is one of the most devastating plant diseases in the world. Common bunt can result in a reduction of 80% or even a total loss of wheat production. In this study, the characteristics of T. laevis infection in compatible wheat plants were defined based on the combination of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. We found T. laevis could lead to the abnormal growth of wheat tissues and cells, such as leakage of chloroplasts, deformities, disordered arrangements of mesophyll cells and also thickening of the cell wall of mesophyll cells in leaf tissue. What's more, T. laevis teliospores were found in the roots, stems, flag leaves, and glumes of infected wheat plants instead of just in the ovaries, as previously reported. The abnormal characteristics caused by T. laevis may be used for early detection of this pathogen instead of molecular markers in addition to providing theoretical insights into T. laevis and wheat interactions for breeding of common bunt resistance.

Molecular Mechanism of Plant Growth Promotion and Induced Systemic Resistance to Tobacco Mosaic Virus by Bacillus spp.

  • Wang, Shuai;Wu, Huijun;Qiao, Junqing;Ma, Lingli;Liu, Jun;Xia, Yanfei;Gao, Xuewen
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.19 no.10
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    • pp.1250-1258
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    • 2009
  • Bacillus spp., as a type of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), were studied with regards promoting plant growth and inducing plant systemic resistance. The results of greenhouse experiments with tobacco plants demonstrated that treatment with the Bacillus spp. significantly enhanced the plant height and fresh weight, while clearly lowering the disease severity rating of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at 28 days post-inoculation (dpi). The TMV accumulation in the young non-inoculated leaves was remarkably lower for all the plants treated with the Bacillus spp. An RT-PCR analysis of the signaling regulatory genes Coil and NPR1, and defense genes PR-1a and PR-1b, in the tobacco treated with the Bacillus spp. revealed an association with enhancing the systemic resistance of tobacco to TMV. A further analysis of two expansin genes that regulate plant cell growth, NtEXP2 and NtEXP6, also verified a concomitant growth promotion in the roots and leaves of the tobacco responding to the Bacillus spp.