• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.193-193
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• 2011

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.502-502
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• 2021

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.388.4-389
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• 2001

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2006

An array of surveys was designed to improve current Pesticide Management Law and Acts by investigating farmers' usage of pesticides and by assessing applicability of Plant Protection Certificate to register local pesticide markets or related businesses. This study indicates that most farmers choose pesticide recommended by local pesticide market dealers. This survey also indicates serious misuse or overuse of pesticides by farmers probably due to inappropriate recommendations. To guarantee rational use of pesticides by the end users, most experts in the plant protection areas have realized the importance of the Certificate as a license to register the local pesticide markets. To the end, current Pesticide Management Laws and Acts need to be revised to ask pesticide-dealing workers to take the Plant Protection Certificate.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.788-797
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• 2018

In many countries, vaccines are used for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). However, because there is no protection against FMD immediately after vaccination, research and development on antiviral agents is being conducted to induce protection until immunological competence is produced. This study tested whether well-known chemicals used as RNA virus treatment agents had inhibitory effects on FMD viruses (FMDVs) and demonstrated that ribavirin showed antiviral effects against FMDV in vitro/in vivo. In addition, it was observed that combining the administration of the antiviral agents orally and complementary therapy with vaccines synergistically enhanced antiviral activity and preserved the survival rate and body weight in the experimental animals. Antiviral agents mixed with an adjuvant were inoculated intramuscularly along with the vaccines, thereby inhibiting virus replication after injection and verifying that it was possible to induce early protection against viral infection prior to immunity being achieved through the vaccine. Finally, pigs treated with antiviral agents and vaccines showed no clinical signs and had low virus excretion. Based on these results, it is expected that this combined approach could be a therapeutic and preventive treatment for early protection against FMD.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 1987

The present researches were carried out to differentiate the species of Colletotrichum by elecrophoretic method. C. gloeosporioides, C. dematium and Gloeosporium fructigenum could be differentiated by the isozyme patterns of esterase, leucine aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. Especially. G-strain and R-strain of C. gloeosporioides were differentiated by the enzyme patterns. The G­strain damaged all stage fruits (green and red fruits) of Capsicum annum. The R-strain could not infect the unripe (green) fruits, but it could damage only ripe (red) fruit of Capsicum annum.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.512-520
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• 2021

In this study, we report genetic characterization of Orobanche cumana, the causal agent of sunflower wilting in Serbia. The genetic diversity of this parasitic plant in Serbia was not studied before. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and partial rbcL gene sequences analysis were used to characterize the O. cumana populations at the molecular level. While phylogenetic analyses of RAPD-PCR amplicons were performed using unweighted pair-group Method analyses, rbcL gene sequences were analyzed using neigbor joining method and minimum spanning tree. Molecular analyses of RAPD-PCR analysis revealed high genetic diversity of O. cumana populations which indicated high adaptive potential of this parasitic weed in Serbia. Further analyses of rbcL gene using minimum spanning tree revealed clear differences among diverse sections of Orobanche genus. Although this molecular marker lacked the resolution to display intrapopulation diversity it could be a useful tool for understanding the evolution of this parasitic plant. Our results suggested that O. cumana has great genetic potential which can lead to differentiation of more virulent races which is important for determining crop breeding strategies for their control.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2001

The author has analyzed the ecological problems caused by city development and the comprehensive benefits of green space(e.g. ecological, social and economic benefits). The important role of green space in city sustainable development was discussed. Through benefits analysis of green space in city development in Kunming City, the author offered specific measures for green space protection in Kunming: strengthen plant management according to law; enhance nation awareness of plant protection; rationally plan city green land system;and use scientific forms of green land.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.70-74
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• 2020

Sinowilsonia henryi is a rare and endangered plant, as well as an endemic species in China. In July 2018, leaf spot and blight disease was observed on S. henryi in Yichang, Hubei, China. A fungus isolated from disease tissues was identified as Gonatobotryum apiculatum based on morphology and sequence analyses of ITS and LSU regions. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the species belongs to Dothioraceae (Dothideales). Morphologically, the species produced two distinct types of conidia from authentic media, both conidia were described here. Pathogenicity tests showed that the fungus is a pathogen causing leaf spots on S. henryi. This is the first report of leaf spot and blight disease on S. henryi caused by G. apiculatum in China.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2021

Cascading failure is the main cause of large blackouts in electrical power systems; this paper analyzes a cascading failure in Hanbit nuclear power plant unit two (2) caused by a circuit breaker (CB) operation failure. This malfunction has been expanded to the loss of offsite power (LOOP). In this study, current practices are reviewed and then the methodologies of how to prevent cascading failures in protection power systems are introduced. An overview on the implementation of IEC61850 GOOSE messaging-based zone selective interlocking (ZSI) scheme as key solution is proposed. In consideration of ZSI blocking time, all influencing factors such as circuit breaker opening time, relay I/O response time and messages travelling time in the communication network should be taken into account. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the effect of cascading failure in NPP electrical power protection system and propose preventive actions for this failures. Finally, the expected advantages and challenges are elaborated.