• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.119-130
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• 2018

In the late 1950s, departing from their unquestioning following of Soviet architecture, North Koreans attempted to discover the specificities of traditional Korean architecture and apply them to their contemporary monuments. This paper examines the ways in which North Korean architects developed their unique version of Socialist realism in the making of Pyongyang Grand Theater. The traditional elements in harmony with North Korea's political ideology-an early form of Juche ideology-and modern building technologies were to be viewed as contemporary elements, and not as a simple revival of the past. This study applies Socialist realism's compositional principle "national in form and socialist in content" to Pyongyang Grand Theater and examines specifically what "socialist content" and "national form" were and how the two were combined in the construction of Pyongyang Grand Theater. By situating the building in the context of localization of Socialist realism which is universal art principle of the communist world, this study contributes to the deeper and wider understanding of North Korea's Modern Joseon Architecture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.84-93
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyse the fashion image behind the colour black formed by existentialism in the 20th century. Human beings started to ask themselves questions about their nature and existence by undergoing two world wars in the 20th century. Existentialism was born out of these philosophical thoughts and in particular, French existentialists led the public discourse of the time and expressed their philosophical thoughts and ideas through black fashion. Therefore we revealed the existentialistic meanings of black by studying the French existentialist ideology and their black fashion. The thoughts of existentialism became popularized in France by French philosophers. Sartre especially played a big role in the popularization of existentialism in France. The black fashion worn by existentialists became popularized along with the ideology that it expressed. Sartre's thoughts on existentialism are summarized in existence Precedes Essence, self-reliance, and engagement. From these, the fashion image behind the colour black formed by existentialism was analogized to resistant image, nihilistic image and self-reliance image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.777-787
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to consider various characteristics in the graffiti-look in the modem fashion by interpreting meanings and properties of graffiti, transferred from street art to a new main stream in art. The scope of this study is limited to works from the 1990s to the present, and the materials for the literatures and exploratory study are fashion-related portfolios and the domestic and foreign fashion magazines. The first characteristic is satire. The graffiti-look conveys directly or indirectly with phrase or symbol various messages of politics, social ideology, wealth and poverty, environmental pollution, anti-war, etc. Body is even more used for graffitiand designers express freely their identity or ideology through the formative style of graffiti. The second characteristic is pleasure. Fantastic expressions from a fairy-tale or fable in the graffiti-look give humor meaning freedom and sense of liberation in a sense of catharsis to the modem people's emotion. The graffiti-look uses graffiti works to introduce its original message of humanism, happiness, humor, etc. to clothing; as a result, the graffiti-look features pleasure. The third characteristic iscommercial application. Brand logo designed by graffiti style is decorated with clothing, accessory, or ornament. This may not only emphasize brand name through lingual function of graffiti, but also be used for a distinctive marketing strategy against other brands. Logo which is regarded motive or pattern of design leaves a image instead of a meaning and performs a design function stressing formative sense.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.51-64
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the patterns of income and household expense arrangements within dual-income families. The data was obtained from the F-GENS Korea Panel Survey of Ochanomizu University. The responses were gathered from both married and unmarried people, primarily in Seoul and the metropolitan area, of ages ranging from 25 to 44. The sample for this study was comprised of data from 399 double-income households. Crosstab and multinominal logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows. First, dual-income families choose a pooling system as their income arrangement. Second, variables determining the income arrangement were the husband's age, school attainment, annual average income, and average working hour per day. Third, variables that affected the household expenses arrangement included the husband's level of schooling attained and the husband’s job type. Fourth, the ideology of the economic community effected both the income and household expenses arrangement.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2011

Urban scape of Gyeongju is overlapped by periods. So, a study of each Periodical urban scape is required to understanding the present urban scape. All it requires study is on account of different a characteristic and the meaning of the scape. Especially, unified Silla period was most flourished in all time, has Abundant image of urban scape, heavily influences present urban scape. The research was proceeded through the classifying the concept of Urban form and the basic ideology and adopting the representative landscape at that time with the literatures and maps, on Unified Silla Period. And then tried to find out the identity of landscape with the link between the concepts of the representative landscape and that of Urban form in chronological order. The identity of historical landscape in Gyeongju on Unified Silla Period from the result of research has been influenced on by the connection with natural environment, urban form revealed by grid, space organized by vigorously heading up the inside, and Buddhistic ideology and esthetics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.38
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• pp.369-392
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• 1998

In order to identify and describe the central core of fashion desire, the concept of“anti-aesthetics”and“open fashion”were analyzed based on the discourses of postmodernism dis-cussed in the field of sociology, culture, art and philosophy. In this paper, first, the new perspectives of fashion related to modernism and postmodernism were proposed, open concept, anti-aesthet-ics which is ephemerality but eternal ideology. Key principles of postmodernism as anti-aess-thetics mean the philosophy of nihilism proposed by Nietzsche indeterminency, the endd of original art(the death of art), the sublimity provided by Lyotard, and the pluralism to release human from the closed way of thinking, value, ideology. Second, the old and classical definition of fashion,“the differentiation of class”proposed by Veblen and Simmel has been changed into the“differentiation of taste”in postmodern condition. Third, the dichotomous system, that is, ration vs emotion, soul vs body, male vs female, culture vs nature, and so on has been deconstructed and disolved in the postmodern fashion phenomenon using the technique of anti-formalism, such as pastich, parody, bricolage an kitsch for the expression of sublimity and freedom of human.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.93-116
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• 2011

This qualitative study focused on the dual earner families' work and family life to explore the possibility of ideal work-family balance. Seven employed married women and two men were interviewed about their work-family balance during two months in 2010. We described four representative cases of having difficulty in work and life balance. And we identified the three dimensions to make their work-family balance difficult. They are motherhood ideology, ideal worker, and the limit of men's housework participation. For ideal work-family balance, we suggested alternatives. First, the companies should make various work-life balance programs and allow their workers to use them actively. Second, the government should support the needs of work-life balance and carry out various family-friendly and child care polices. Third, husbands have to participate the housework much more and the model of 'good' parents need to be modified.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.127-144
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to identify intrapsychic processes of self socialization in sex role development during late childhood and adolescence. For this purpose I investigated the sex-role stereotypes, sex-role ideology, sex-role identity, and self-esteem of 6th, 8th, and 10th graders and examined the causal relationships among these sex-role variables. Data were gathered through questionnaires administered twice with an interval of three months. The methods of analysis were one-way ANOVA, $x^2$, and multiple regression. The results showed, (1) Adolescents' sex-role stereotypes had significant relationships with sex typing. Subjects with low scores on sex-role stereotypes were more likely to show opposite sex typing. (2) Sex-role ideologies had significant relationships with sex typing. As Subjects agreed more with egalitarianism, they were more likely to exhibit opposite sex typing. (3) Adolescents' sex typing had significant relationships with their self-esteem. The androgynous group exhibited the highest scores on self-esteem. (4) Path analysis from the multiple regression analysis indicated different processes between sexes in sex-role development. In the boys' sex-role development, it was found that only masculinity contributed to self -esteem. Girls' masculinity also contributed most to self -esteem, but other sex -role variables such as femininity and sex-role stereotypes made some contributions to girls' self-esteem.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.8
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• pp.103-128
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• 1981

This study has two aims. one is to devide the ideology of reference service into three groups such as conservative, moderative, and progressive theories, and then investigate the validity of each theory as well as any problems to be suggested. The other is to establish appropriate standards of reference service according to the types of libraries and users, based on the analysis of such theories. Each theory has its own merits and demerits. Accordingly, it seems to be difficult to apply uniformly and theory into users who have different types of question and educational levels. And also it is difficult to apply into various libraries which have different aims of establishment, characteristics, and the users of each library. Consequently, it is suggested to set up a norm of reference service according to the types of libraries and users respectively. The conservative theory is applicable to small and medium sized public libraries, school libraries, and college and university libraries of which the users are mainly students and citizens. The progressive theory is desirable for special and academic libraries as well as large public libraries where the users are mainly specialists. and scholars.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.117
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• pp.137-160
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• 2011

This article aims to elucidate the meaning of Conservativeness and Progress through the hermeneutical discussion about Tradition and Ideology. This study is concerned with Contemporary Hermeneutics, especially H.G. Gadamer, J. Habermas, and P. Ricoeur's Hermeneutics. We will find conservative aspects of Gadamer's Hermeneutics and progressive aspects of Habermas's Hermeneutics through debate on Hermeneutics between Gadamer and Habermas. And we will deal with the meaning of the concept of Conservativeness and Progress in context of Hermeneutics. Then, we will find the difference and common feature, the uppermost limits between Gadamer and Habermas's Hermeneutics in terms of Ricoeur's view. In this context, we will lastly pursue a way of solution about problem of Idea, that is Conservativeness vs Progress through hermeneutical Synthesis.