• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.451-461
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• 2008

In this study, factor and cluster analysis have been conducted to group the differences in Korean view on national economic policy in the sample of the 2006 Korean General Social Survey (KGSS). According to the 2006 KGSS, the 6 items with a 5-point Likert scale include the questions about whether or the extent to which each respondent supports the specific types of governmental economic policy. In our study, at first, the factor analysis has converted the original 6 items into the 3 composite variables that account for 81% in the total variability. As the second step of factor analysis, factor scores have been computed. Then, the K-means cluster analysis based on the factor scores has been conducted to group the survey respondents into the 3 clusters. In particular, the cross-tabulation analysis has shown that the distribution of the 3 clusters varies with the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.999-1012
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine depression in adulthood caused by the influence of negative life events (disaster accident, physical violence and emotional abuse) in pre-adulthood and explore the mediator effect of interpersonal maladjustment. To carry out such task, 974 people who have had negative life event experiences before the age of 18 were chosen based on the data from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey(KGSS) and Stata 10.0 was used to do the analysis. As a result, it was found that there was a direct relationship between negative life events in pre-adulthood and depression in adulthood. Specifically, experiences from an accident or disaster had a direct impact on depression. Moreover, experiences of physical violence and emotional abuse not only had a direct influence on depression, but also through maladjustment, it had an indirectly partial mediator effect that increases the chances of depression. Through this result, it was evident that negative life events from pre-adulthood had a negative effect on continuous interpersonal maladjustment as well as psychological welfare throughout the adulthood. Therefore, there needs to be thorough prevention measures on negative life events in pre-adulthood and strongly take post treatment into consideration. Through building a safe life environment, great deal of social support from social organizations should be prepared systematically.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.193-202
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• 2014

This study was attempted in order to measure the level of Korean people's social capital and their multicultural acceptance, and to explain the relationship between the sub-factors of social capital(trust, reciprocity, and participation) and the multicultural acceptance. Furthermore, this study aimed to examine the relative influence of the sub-factors of social capital on the multicultural acceptance and to suggest which social capitals should be reinforced. Data on 'social capital' and 'multicultural acceptance' used in this study were obtained from the data of the 8th Korean General Social Survey (KGSS) in 2010. The results of analyses are as follows. First, social capital was lower with increase in age (F=28.18, p<.001), and higher with increase in academic qualification (F=15.49, p<.001), and total household income (F=8.85, p<.001). Second, the multicultural acceptance was higher in men (t=9.98, p<01) and lower with increase in age (F=27.29, p<.001), and higher with increase in academic qualification (F=28.99, p<.001), and total household income (F=11.92, p<.001). Third, among the three social capital factors influencing the multicultural acceptance, 'trust' was found to have a significant positive (+) effect. Based on these results were suggested various strategies for enhancing Korean people's multicultural acceptance.

• Survey Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.127-147
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• 2017

Despite the importance of questionnaires, little survey methodology research on questionnaire design has been conducted in Korea. The purpose of this study was to explore whether two questionnaire forms (close-ended vs. open-ended questions) about 'the most important problem in Korea' elicited similar responses. During the 2016 Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), a random half of respondents were asked the open-ended question form and the remaining half were asked the close-ended question form. While the economy is the most mentioned response (35% vs. 33.2%) to both close-ended and open-ended question forms, there is similarity in the order of highly mentioned responses if we consider that 'politics' is not provided as one of response categories in the close-ended question form. The order of second to fourth response category is crime (24.4%), education (15.4%), and poverty (6.3%) to the closed-ended question form, and politics (10.8%), crime (9.5%), and education (7.6%) to the open-ended question form. Also, the characteristics of respondents who responded with the economy as being the most important are slightly different between the two halves in terms of age, household income, and satisfaction with economic condition. Our findings suggest that we need to be careful when we adopt questions developed in other countries and to consider using survey experiments in pre-testing questionnaire items.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.87-126
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• 2017

This study aims to examine the level of precariousness among young adults in South Korea and analyze the factors affecting their subjective well-being by adopting the three forms of precariousness suggested by Rodgers(1989) such as lack of resource, uncertainty and disempowerment as its analytical framework. Structural Equation Model was used for analyzing the path model of self-rated health, income level and social support(three forms of resource) affecting subjective wellbeing through uncertainty and disempowerment. Study population include young adults aged between 19 to 34 with a sample size of 415 using data of the 8th wave of the Korean General Social Survey(KGSS), 2010. Study population is divided into lower-age group (aged between 19-26) and upper-age group (aged between 27-34) in order to examine the differences between age groups by using Multiple Group Analysis. Study results show that three forms of resources, uncertainty and disempowerment had direct effect on the subjective well-being of South Korean young adults and disempowerment had the most significant effect among the factors. In addition, self-rated health and income level had indirect effect on subjective well-being through both uncertainty and disempowerment while social support had indirect effect on subjective well-being only through disempowerment. Results from the Multiple Group Analysis indicate that among the two age groups, income level only has a significant effect on subjective well-being in the upper-age group. In addition, disempowerment had greater effect on subjective wellbeing among upper-age group than the lower-age group. Based on the study results, this paper suggested policy implications and discussion for further research.

• Survey Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.51-76
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• 2011

Analyzing the 2009 Korean General Social Survey(KGSS), this study attempts to elucidate the mechanism how content-irrelevant response patterns are formed in the social survey. This study investigates the relationship between personality traits and response styles. Specifically, the effects of Big Five factors(extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience) of personality on the acquiescent response styles(ARS) and extreme response styles(ERS) are examined, controlling for individual characteristics and interview contexts. The results show that ERS is positively affected by extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, whereas ARS is not significantly associated with any dimension of personality traits. The implications of findings and the methods to reduce response bias are discussed.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.156-175
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• 2016

This paper considers whether random sampling always produces more accurate survey results in the case of South Korea. We compare information from the 2010 census to the demographic variables of three public opinion surveys from South Korea: Gallup Korea's Omnibus Survey (Survey A) is conducted every two months by Gallup Korea; the annual Social Survey (Survey B) is conducted by Statistics Korea (KOSTAT); the Korean General Social Survey (KGSS or Survey C) is conducted annually by the Survey Research Center (SRC) at Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU). Survey A uses quota sampling after randomly selecting the neighborhood and initial addresses; Survey B uses random sampling, but allows replacements in some situations; Survey C uses simple random sampling. Data from more than one year was used for each survey. Our analysis suggests that Survey B is the most representative in most respects, and, in some respects, Survey A may be more representative than Survey C. Data from Survey C was the least stable in terms of representativeness by geographical area and age. Single-person households were underrepresented in both Surveys A and C, but the problem was more severe in Survey A. Four-person households and married persons were both over-represented in Survey A. Less educated people were under-represented in both Survey A and Survey C. There were differences in income level between Survey A and Survey C, but income data was not available for Survey B or the census, so it is difficult to ascertain which survey was more representative in this case.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.147-177
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• 2018

To form a foundation of basic materials to contribute in improved mental health of one-person households, the purpose of this study is to investigate the association of interpersonal relationships and depression and to identify indirect effect of satisfaction with life. To this end, the study used structural equation modeling, employing data from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey(KGSS), a nationally representative survey and targeted 300 living alone people who is older than 20 years old. The findings are as follows: First, the quality of interpersonal relationships has a negative effect on depression and can relieve depression. It also revealed that one-person households are not isolated from relationships and they utilize not only kin relational resources but non-kin resources while forming a positive relationships. Second, the quality of interpersonal relationships effects one's life satisfaction which ultimately has an effect on depression. It verifies that, within interpersonal relationship and depression, there are indirect effect resulting from satisfaction with life. Based on the result of current study, practical intervention programs to improve life satisfaction and prevent depression were suggested.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.219-241
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of women 's perception of economic risk on the fertility gap. This study analyzed how the economic risks such as the risk of unemployment and poverty, the risk of housing insecurity, the risk of financial instability and the risk of economic downturn affects the gap between the actual number of children and the ideal number of children. For this purpose, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed using the KGSS(Korean General Social Survey) 2014 dataset. The result of the analysis shows that women who perceived economic risk seriously had fewer children but had a higher fertility gap. This study suggested policy suggestions based on the above results.

• Survey Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.143-172
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• 2011

The relationship between body weight and body image, an objective and subjective measure of body shape, respectively, has long been a recurrent concern in the area of medical sociology and health-related studies. This concern stems from the argument and findings in the literature indicating that the two are not necessarily likely to be strongly correlated due mostly to the fact that one's own idea or conception about his/her body shape could be pretty different from one's actual shape. This study tries to empirically address the two issues based on the analysis of a national sample survey data in Korea: to what extent body weight and body image are correlated with or deviated from each other, on the one hand, and what factors help to account for the relationship between the two, on the other. The latest(2010) national sample data of KGSS(Korean General Social Survey) is used to evaluate the issues. Results of data analysis demonstrate that body weight and image have a moderate amount of correlation, and that the correlation tends to vary to a large extent depending on a few major socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Most important, the risk factor analysis attempted in this study could identify several salient risk factors, which include gender, age, chronic diseases, smoking, physical exercises, and medical checkup. To be precise, those who may be best characterized as particularly risky to weight gains are females, who are in their 20's, who have chronic diseases, non-smokers, who exercise regularly, and who conduct medical checkups on a regular basis. To extrapolate, the findings suggest that the most typically risky kinds of individuals in Korea are "young women who care very much for their health." The findings are interpreted and discussed with suggesting a recommendation for further studies.