• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.349-353
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• 2009

Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the soybean meal as a substitute for the fish meal in diet (experiment I), and experimental practical diet and commercial diet (experiment II) for growth of far eastern catfish. In the experiment I, three replicate groups of juveniles (average weight 7.2 g) were fed one of diets containing 0, 10 and 20% soybean meals for 66 days. Survival and final mean weight were not significantly affected by dietary soybean meal levels. No significant differences were observed in feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and protein retention of fish fed between 0% (control diet) and 20% soybean meal diets. However, fish fed 10% soybean meal diet showed the lower feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and protein retention, and higher daily feed intake compared with fish fed control diet and 20% soybean meal diet. The contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash in the whole body were not significantly affected by dietary soybean meal levels. In the experiment II, three replicate groups of juveniles (average weight 7.3 g) were fed either the formulated diet or commercial diet for 66 days. Survival and final mean weight were not significantly different among treatment. Significantly higher feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and protein retention, and lower daily feed intake were observed in fish fed experimental practical diet compared with fish fed commercial diet (P<0.05). Proximate compositions of the whole body were not significantly affected by diets. The results of these studies suggest that soybean meal can be used as a substitute for fish meal up to 20% in diet, and the dietary formulation used in the experiment II could be applied to the practical feed for far eastern catfish.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1973

Sodium chloride plays an important role as the main condiment at daily meal. It is well known that humans require sodium chloride as an essential nutrient to keep the homeostasis of electrolytes. The amounts of salt intake may be a reflection of geography, culture and food habit rather than necessity. Lee has reported (1962) that Koreans ingest high amounts of sodium chloride in their meals, with an intake of excess carbohydrate (80-90% of total Calories) and low protein in their diet. This includes large amounts of rice, Kimchi and other fermented soybean products common in the Korean diet. This investigation was designed to study the dietary relations of sodium chloride to other nutrients in the Korean diet. Twenty four albino male rats, weighing from 290-300g, were divided into four dietary groups according to the amounts of carbohydrate, protein and fat in the basal diet. Each diet contained a rice powder as a carbohydrate source. Diet I was a control diet, Diet II, low protein, Diet III, low protein and low fat diet and Diet IV, low fat diet. All rats were provided with 3% sodium chloride solution. Diet and salt solution were given ad libitum. The experiment was carried out for 9 weeks during which time the body weight, the food intake, and 3% sodium chloride solution consumption were determined. At the 9th week, the urine was collected the blood sample from the artery of each rat for the analysis of sodium and potassium and other chemical studies. The rats were sacrificed and the kidney, adrenal, liver and spleen were measured, and observed changes of the pathological tissue in the kidney and adrenal. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The growth rate was higher in Diet I than in the other experimental diets (II, III and IV) after 4 weeks. There was no significant difference found between the experimental Diets II, III and IV. 2) The daily food intake was greater in the experimental diets II, III and IV than in the control diet. However, there was no difference among the high carbohydrate diets Diet II, III and IV. 3) The daily water (3% sodium chloride solution) intake was also greater in the Diets II, III and IV, than in the control diet. However, there was no difference between Diets II, III and IV. 4) The concentration of sodium and potassium in the blood were within the normal range in all diets. 5) The amount of sodium chloride in the urine was significantly greater in Diets II, III and IV than in the control diet. Diets II, III, IV had a larger amount of sodium solution consumption. 6) Observation of pathological tissue in the experimental diets found a cell proliferation in the glomerlulus of the kidney, while such change was not found in the control diet.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.376-384
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• 2022

This study was performed to develop a K_diet-index based on the definitions and characteristics of traditional Korean food. The Korean Food Pattern Index (K_diet-index) for diseases was applied using dietary data from the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the association between K_diet-index and metabolic disease was confirmed. The study subjects were 1,971 Korean adults aged >40, and the components were classified according to 14 criteria used to establish the K_diet-index. Main ingredients up to the top 3 were designated using dish names, ingredients, and contents using KNHANES dietary data. K_diet-index was classified using scores of ≤3 points, 4-7 points, and ≥8 points and total K_diet-index were calculated by summing dietary scores. Correlations between K_diet-index and obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes were analyzed. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for obesity were 0.531, 0.385~0.732 and for elevated cholesterol (≥240 mg/dL) indices were 0.471, 0.282~0.788, respectively, which showed a significant decreased in the risk for each disease for K_diet-index of ≥8 points. This study confirms that metabolically related clinical results improved significantly as K_diet-index increased and that higher Korean food pattern indices are associated with lower risks of metabolic disease

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 1985

The present study was designed to compare the effect of soybean oils and corn oils on serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and free cholesterol in cholesterol-fed rats. The results are as fellows: 1. The average body weight gain in soybean oil diet group was lower than that of the control group. 2. The food efficiency ratio in soybean oil diet group was lower than corn oil diet group. 3. The serum levels of total cholesterol in soybean oil diet group than that in corn oil diet group. 4. The serum levels of free cholesterol in soybean oil diet group was lower than that in corn oil diet group. 5. The serum levels of HDL-cholesterol in soybean oil diet group than that in corn oil diet group. 6. The serum levels of VLDL-, LFL-cholesterol in soybean oil diet group was lower than that in corn oil diet group.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.525-530
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• 1998

The effects of godulbaegi(Ixeris sonchifolia H.) powder on body weight gain, lipid and protein concentrations, and enzyme activities were studied in growing male rats for 4 and 8 week. The fats (Sprague-Dawley) were fed diets containing 5% godulbaegi or without. The body weght gain, food efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value of rats fed godulbaegi diet were similar to the control diet. The ratio of spleen weight to body weight in godulbaegi group for 8 weeks was greater than in that of control group, but they were similar both feeding groups in liver and kidney. The concentrations of the total lipid and triglyceride in serum were increased in rats fed godulbaegi diet for 4 week than in those fed control diet, but those were decreased in rats fed godulbaegi diet for 8 week than in those fed the control diet. The concentrations of the phospholipid, total cholestrol and HDL-cholestrol in serum were decreased in rats fed godulbaegi diet for 8 week than in those fed control diet. The HDL-cholestrol/total cholestrol ratio and athergenic index were similar to both diet groups. There were no differences in growth, serum total protein, albumin concentrations, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities between rats fed godulbaegi diet and those fed the control diet.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.830-836
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to : (a) analyze the portion size & plate waste of normal & soft diets provided by dietetic departments in hospital, (b) investigate the factors affecting plate waste, and (c) determine the nutritional & monetary value of plate waste. A questionnaire for food preference and sensory evaluation was developed and a survey was carried out for the 46 normal diet and 56 soft diet patients in Sanggye Paik hospital in Seoul. Serving size and plate waste were weighed by the electric scale, and CAN-Pro program was used to evaluate the nutrition value. The data were analyzed using the SAS package program for descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The average plate waste rate for normal diet and soft diet were 30.3% and 49.6%. More plate waste amount occurred on female patients'diet than male patients'diets regardless of the kind of diet. The plate waste percentage of male patients were higher than those of female on normal diet. On soft diet, patients who hospitalized in surgery or pediatrics department were higher than in other wards. Plate waste of normal diet and amount were correlated positively, but wastage and preference were correlated negatively Negative correlation was between taste and plate waste, and between temperature and plate waste, too. On the other hand, plate waste caused the deficiency of some nutrients such as Ca, Fe, Vit. B$_2$and a great monetary loss.

• 한국영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국영양학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 초록
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• pp.56-56
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• 2000

본 연구는 철분결핍과 caffeine섭취가 흰쥐의 혈당과 과산화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해서 수행되었다. 생후 2주된 48마리의 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 흰쥐를 철분과 caffeine의 첨가 수준에 따라 6군으로 나누어 4주간 사육하였다(C0F0 : caffeine 0%, Fe 5 ppm diet, C1F0 : caffeine 1%, Fe 5 ppm diet, C4F0 : caffeine 4%, Fe 5 ppm diet, C0F1 : caffeine 0%, Fe 50 ppm diet, C1F1 : caffeine 0%, Fe 50 ppm diet, C4F1 : caffeine 0%, Fe 50 ppm diet).(중략)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1974

Biochemical studies such as growth rate, blood cholesterol and ascorbic acid contents in various organs of albino male rats were studied in the Garlic, Vitamin E, high and low protein diet fed groups. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1) Either single 10% or 30% protein diet fed rats were not shown growth rate properly. In supplementation of Vitamin E or Garlic on 30% protein growth rate was a more increased than that of the 10% protein diet group. 2) The rate of food consumption of rats fed a 10% or 30% protein diet supplemented with Vitamin E and Garlic was more increased than that of the control Group receving 10% or 30% protein diet alone. 3) No essential difference was observed between the cholesterol level in blood of rats fed 10% protein diet supplemented with Vitamin E and Garlic and that of rats Receiving 10% protein diet alone. But the cholesterol level in blood of rats fed 30% protein diet supplemented with Vitamin E and Garlic was lower than that of control receiving 30% protein diet alone. 4) The Vitamin C contents in various organs of rats fed the diet supplemented with Vitamin E and Garlic seems to be a little higher than that of the control group fed the protein diet alone.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.156-163
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• 2014

We investigated the effects of a high-protein diet and resveratrol supplementation on immune cells changes induced by abdominal irradiation in rats. Female Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: 1) control diet, 2) control diet with irradiation 3) 30% high-protein diet with irradiation, 4) normal diet with resveratrol supplementation and irradiation, and 5) 30% high-protein diet with resveratrol supplementation and irradiation. We measured blood protein and albumin concentrations, lipid profiles, white blood cell (WBC) counts, proinflammatory cytokine production, and splenocyte proliferation in rats that had been treated with a 17.5 Gy dose of radiation 30 days prior. A high-protein diet affected plasma total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, which were increased by the radiation treatment. In addition, the lymphocyte percentage and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentration were increased, and the neutrophil percentage was decreased in rats fed a high-protein diet. Resveratrol supplementation decreased the triglyceride (TG) level, but increased the IgM concentration and splenocyte proliferation. Proinflammatory cytokine production was lower in rats fed a high-protein diet supplemented with resveratrol than in rats fed a control diet. The results of the present study indicate that high-protein diets, with or without resveratrol supplementation, might assist with recovery from radiation-induced inflammation by modulating immune cell percentages and cytokine production.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2001

The effects of Cordyceps militaris on the weight gain, the food intake, the food efficient ratio, and the lipid concentrations of serum, liver, pancreas, heart and aorta in male rats fed cholesterol diet were studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were received 4 types of diets for 4 weeks, respectively : a normal diet(without cholesterol), a control diet(hypercholesterolemic diet), a hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 3% fruiting body of Cordyceps militaris(CF), a hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 3% mycelium of Cordyceps militaris(CM). The body weight gain of rats fed the control diet were significantly increased compared to those of the rats fed diets with CF or CM. But, the hepatic and pancreatic weights of rats fed diets with CF or CM were heavier than those of rats fed the normal diet. In serum of rats fed the CM diet, the concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index were significantly lower than those of rats fed the control diet. Also, serum HDL-cholesterol concentration and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio were significantly lower in rats fed the control, CF or CM diets than those in rats fed the normal diet. Whereas, the hepatic concentrations of the total lipid, the total cholesterol and the triglyceride were significantly higher in rats fed 3 hypercholesterolemic diets than those in the rats fed normal diet. The heart and pancreatic concentrations of total cholesterol were the highest in the rats fed diet with the CR among rats fed experimental diets. In conclusion, the CM feeding decreased the concentrations of the cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index in the serum of the rats. But the CF or CM feeding could not decrease the hepatic concentrations of the total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride in the rats fed hypercholesterolemic diets. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 265∼270, 2001)