• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.192-198
• /
• 2005

Objectives : This review examines the extent of harmonization between the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (fourth edition) (DSM-IV) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and International Classification of Diseases (tenth edition) (ICD-10) hyperkinetic disorder (HKD). Methods : PubMed review of the clinical literatures from 1980 to March 2005 was undertaken using the search term of ADHD, HKD, DSM, ICD, diagnostic criteria, algorithm, and validity. Results : There continues to be a substantial difference in the prevalence of ADHD and HKD. Based on the limited studies that directly compare the most recent two algorithms of ADHD and HKD, several implications for clinical practice and research are discussed. Conclusion : To understand further if the criteria for DSM-IV and ICD-10 for ADHD and HKD are converged or not, more researches on the validity of ADHD and HKD subtypes should be undertaken.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.336-343
• /
• 2019

In order to investigate the density of seasonal incidence of mosquitoes, a vector of infectious diseases in Jeju region, this study collected mosquitoes using a Black light trap (BL) and Biogents' Sentinel 2 Mosquito Trap (BG), dividing the region into cattle sheds, habitats for migratory birds, and the downtown area, twice a month for 9 months from March through November 2018. Then, this study conducted identification and classification and checked for the presence of Flavivirus using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). As for the mosquito population, 1,847 mosquitoes (six genera, 12 species) were collected. The places where most mosquitoes were collected were copses near craft workshops in habitats for migratory birds and Jungang-dong in the Seogwipo downtown area. For the population, Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species (76.9%), followed by Aedes albopictus (8.9%). Most of the population was collected in June, followed by August and October. This study conducted a RT-PCR test with 1,847 collected mosquitoes, which were divided into 50 pools if they had Flavivirus. All turned out to be negative. However, the results of the investigation show the presence of Culex tritaineniorhychus, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles sinensis and can be used as a basis for the comprehensive prevention management of mosquitoes.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.308-315
• /
• 2017

Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) test is a standardized ultrasound procedure that screens for and monitors atherosclerosis in a safe and non-invasive manner, even in individuals with no symptoms of heart disease. The purpose of this study was to research the relationship between CIMT, as measured by ultrasonography, and the degree of individual perceived stress. There was a total of 168 (male: 46, female: 122) university students in Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, without other diseases. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. CIMT was measured in the right and left common carotid arteries 1 cm below the bifurcation, and internal carotid artery, using non-invasive high-resolution Medison Accuvix V20 prestige ultrasound equipment and perceived stress, was measured with the 10-item PSS (Perceived Stress Scale) questionnaire. This study indicates that PSS may be appropriate to estimate perceived stress levels and weight. Failure to control stress anxiety could lead to weight and CIMT soaring to dangerous levels, resulting in a myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident. There was a statistically significant difference between left CIMT (p<0.05) and weight (p<0.05) according to each stress classification. The results of this study suggest that the weight measurement is influenced in part by one's generalized stress levels. Future continuous studies should be conducted to test the influences of perceived stress and generalized anxiety on CIMT when these are many continuous variables.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.83 no.3
• /
• pp.322-330
• /
• 1994

The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) has been widely used to predict long-term soil loss by incorporating several erosion factors, such as rainfall, soil, topography, and vegetation. This study is aimed to introduce the LISLE within geographic information system(GIS) environment. The Kwangneung Experimental Forest located in Kyongki Province was selected for the study area. Initially, twelve years of hourly rainfall records that were collected from 1982 to 1993 were processed to obtain the rainfall factor(R) value for the LISLE calculation. Soil survey map and topographic map of the study area were digitized and subsequent input values(K, L, S factors) were derived. The cover type and management factor (C) values were obtained from the classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper(CM) satellite imagery. All these input values were geographically registered over a common map coordinate with $25{\times}25m^2$ ground resolution. The USLE was calculated for every grid location by selecting necessary input values from the digital base maps. Once the LISLE was calculated, the resultant soil loss values(A) were represented by both numerical values and map format. Using GIS to run the LISLE, it is possible to pent out the exact locations where soil loss potential is high. In addition, this approach can be a very effective tool to monitor possible soil loss hazard under the situations of forest changes, such as conversion of forest lands to other uses, forest road construction, timber harvesting, and forest damages caused by fire, insect, and diseases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.39 no.3 s.260
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 2006

Background: Thoracoabdominal aortic replacement is an extensive operation that opens both the pleural cavity and abdominal cavity, which has high mortality and morbidity rate. The authors have reported 9 cases of the thoracoabdominal aortic replacement in 2001. Since 2003 we have applied the deep hypothermic circulatory arrest to the Crawford type I and II thoracoabdominal aortic replacement. Therefore, we analysed the effect of the changes in operative techniques. Material and Method: Between 1996 and 2005, we have performed 20 cases of thoracoabdominal aortic replacement. The underlying diseases were 8 cases of atherosclerotic aneurysm with 4 cases of ruptured aneurysm and 12 cases of aortic dissection with 10 cases of a previous operations. According to Crawford classification, there were 2 cases of type I, 7 cases of type II, 1 case of type III, 7 cases of type IV, and 3 cases of type V. We compaired the results of the patients who underwent thoracoabdmoninal replacement before 2001 which already has been reported and after then. Result: Before 2001 we have performed 9 cases of thoracoabdominal replacement and 5 patients were died of the operation. All three patients with type I and II were died. There was no case of thoracoabdominal replacement between 2001 and 2002, but after 2003 we have performed 11 cases of thoracoabdominal replacement which involved 1 case of type I, 5 cases of type II, 1 case of type III, 2 cases of type IV and 2 cases of type V. There was no mortality and no fetal complications. Conclusion: The deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is a safe method of extended thoracoabdominal aortic replacement.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the clinical utilization of radiation therapy (RT) in Korea between 2009 and 2013. Materials and Methods: We analyzed open claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The subjects were patients who had diagnostic codes C00-C97 or D00-D48 according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, with procedure codes indicating RT treatment. Results: The total number of patients who received RT in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 were 45,571, 49,593, 54,671, 59,172, and 61,485, respectively. Among them, the total numbers of male and female patients were 20,780/24,791 in 2009, 22,711/26,882 in 2010, 24,872/29,799 in 2011, 27,101/32,071 in 2012, and 27,941/33,544 in 2013. The five cancers that were most frequently treated with RT between 2009 and 2012 were breast, lung, colorectal, liver, and uterine cervical cancers. However, the fifth most common cancer treated with RT that replaced uterine cervical cancer in 2013 was prostate cancer. The three leading types of cancer among the male patients were lung, colorectal, and liver cancers, whereas in female patients, they were breast, uterine cervical, and lung cancers. The type of cancer most commonly treated by RT was cancer of the central nervous system in patients aged 20 years or less, breast cancer in patients aged 30-50 years, and lung cancer in patients aged 60 years or more. Conclusion: Data from this study provided the clinical utilization of RT in Korea between 2009 and 2013.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.234-250
• /
• 2024

Background The impact of diabetes on complication rates following free flap (FF), pedicled flap (PF), and amputation (AMP) procedures on the lower extremity (LE) is examined. Methods Patients who underwent LE PF, FF, and AMP procedures were identified from the 2010 to 2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP®) database using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes, excluding cases for non-LE pathologies. The cohort was divided into diabetics and nondiabetics. Univariate and adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Among 38,998 patients undergoing LE procedures, 58% were diabetic. Among diabetics, 95% underwent AMP, 5% underwent PF, and <1% underwent FF. Across all procedure types, noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were associated with significantly greater all-cause complication rates compared with absence of diabetes, and IDDM was generally higher risk than NIDDM. Among diabetics, complication rates were not significantly different across procedure types (IDDM: p = 0.5969; NIDDM: p = 0.1902). On adjusted subgroup analysis by diabetic status, flap procedures were not associated with higher odds of complications compared with amputation for IDDM and NIDDM patients. Length of stay > 30 days was statistically associated with IDDM, particularly those undergoing FF (AMP: 5%, PF: 7%, FF: 14%, p = 0.0004). Conclusion Our study highlights the importance of preoperative diabetic optimization prior to LE procedures. For diabetic patients, there were few significant differences in complication rates across procedure type, suggesting that diabetic patients are not at higher risk of complications when attempting limb salvage instead of amputation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.266-275
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of anatomical predisposing factors on the development of furcation involvement. Root trunk length, root divergency angle, buccal root trunk concavity and cervical enamel projection of the mandibular 1st and 2nd molars with(l03 teeth) and without(42 teeth) furcation involvement and enamel projection were classified by Lindhe's degree and Masters's classification, respectively, and buccal root trunk concavity was examined by probing. Statistical analysis was performed by means of ANOVA and CHI-SQUARE test in Microstat. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Root trunk length was longer in teeth without furcation involvement($4.20{\pm}1.05mm$) than teeth with furcation involvement(I : $3.62{\pm}0.68mm$, II : $3.64{\pm}0.86mm$, III: $3.61{\pm}0.74mm$)(p<0.05), but there was fno significant difference among furcation involvement group according to the degree of furcation involvement(p0>.05). 2. The root divergency angle was wider in teeth with furcation involvement(I : $53.14^0{\pm}15.11^0$, II : $44.82^0{\pm}14.26^0$, III : $52.69^0{\pm}16.09^0$) than teeth without furcation involvement($34.81^0{\pm}16.57^0$(p<0.05). 3. The group of teeth without furcation involvement showed significantly hign percentage of teeth without buccal root concavity, and the group of teeth with furcation involvement showed significantly hign percentage of teeth with buccal root concavity(p<0.05) 4. The group of teeth without furcation involvement showed higher percentage of teeth with grade I cervical enamel projection, teeth with furcation involvement I or II defect showed higher percentage of teeth with grade II enamel projection, and teeth with furcation involvement III defect showed higher percentage of teeth with grade III enamel projection(p<0.05) The results suggest that short root trunk length, wide root divergency, buccal root concavity and well-developed enamel projection could affect development and progression of furcation involvement as anatomical predisposing factors of periodontal diseases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 1968

This paper describes the incidence and some epidemiological features of drowning accident out of a series of our study on the epidemiology of various accidents in Korea. By the daily press it is apparent from the frequent reporting of swimming accidents that the incidence would be high. In the rural areas, there are, at present, about 1,250 artificial lakes and farm ponds to be utlized for rice production. The reservoirs, irrigation ditches and riversides are also used for recreation. In most places facilities for aquatic activities is meager, and safety measures for the prevention of drowning is not sufficiently enforced. In the survey crude data on drownings were collected from the concerned governmental statistic books for the period 1955 to 1967 which were compiled not in a uniform way. Drownings were classfied into two categories, one is accidental drowning, E 929 and the other is due to cataclysm, E 934, according to the WHO international classification of diseases. Epidemiological variables in relation to drowning accident were obtained through qualitative analysis of informations from the popular news papers. The following summary may be drawn; 1. The average number of deaths due to accidental drowning totaled 1,088 annually and the mortality rate per 100,000 population was 3.4, The 42.0% of all drownings were rescued and the remaining were not saved. 2. The sex ratio (M/F) of the victims for all ages was 5 to 1, which had a wide range of difference among the age groups. The young ages less than 20 years occupied 68.0% of all deaths. 3. The percentage distribution of the causes of accidents revealed 31.9% for careless swimming, 45.5% for unskilled, 10.6% for swimmer's cramp and 6.0% for drunked. The distribution of places where accidents occurred showed 88.0% for rivers, water reservoirs, irrigation ditches and 12.0% for regular swimming pools. The seasonal distribution of cases indicated 85.0% of the total were seen during the summer months, June-August, and 50.0% of them occurred on Sundays, 4. The average annual deaths due to cataclysm were 402 and mortality rate per 100,000 population was 1.6, but the number of victims due to cataclysm varied greatly each year. 5. The accident cases due to cataclysm were classified into 60.0% for injuries, 40.0% for deaths. The 26.8% of all deaths were missing cases. 6. The deaths due to either accidental drowning or cataclysm totaled 1,490, and the death rate per 100,000 for the whole country was 5.0.

• Brain Tumor Research and Treatment
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2018

Background Recently, modern technology such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), neuro-navigation and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) have been actively adopted for the treatment of thalamic tumors. We evaluated surgical outcomes and efficacy of the aforementioned technologies for the treatment of pediatric thalamic tumors. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 37 children with thalamic tumors between 2004 and 2017. There were 44 operations (27 tumor resections, 17 biopsies). DTI was employed in 17 cases, neuro-navigation in 23 cases and IOM in 14 cases. All diagnoses were revised according to the 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were calculated, and relevant prognostic factors were analyzed. The median follow-up duration was 19 months. Results Fifteen cases were gross total resections (GTR), 6 subtotal resections (STR), and 6 partial resections (PR). Neurological status did not worsen after 22 tumor resections. There were statistically significant differences in terms of the extent of resection between the groups with DTI, neuro-navigation and IOM (n=12, GTR or STR=12) and the group without at least one of the three techniques (n= 15, GTR or STR=9, p=0.020). The mean PFS was $87.2{\pm}38.0$ months, and the mean OS $90.7{\pm}36.1$ months. The 5-year PFS was 37%, and the 5-year OS 47%. The histological grade ($p{\leq}0.001$) and adjuvant therapy (done vs. not done, p=0.016) were significantly related to longer PFS. The histological grade (p=0.002) and the extent of removal (GTR/STR vs. PR/biopsy, p=0.047) were significantly related to longer OS. Conclusion Maximal surgical resection was achieved with acceptable morbidity in children with thalamic tumors by employing DTI, neuro-navigation and IOM. Maximal tumor resection was a relevant clinical factor affecting OS; therefore, it should be considered the initial therapeutic option for pediatric thalamic tumors.