• Title/Summary/Keyword: Kondo

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The Improved Success Rate of Integer Ambiguity Resolution by Using Many Visible GPS/GNSS Satellites

  • Kondo, Kentaro
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • v.2
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    • pp.243-246
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    • 2006
  • This study investigates the improvement in the theoretical success rate of the integer ambiguity resolution in GPS/GNSS carrier-phase positioning by using many visible satellites. It estimates the dependence of the rate on the baseline length in relative positioning under the condition of the use of double/triple-frequency navigation signals. The calculation results show that the use of 14 navigation satellites (i.e., seven GPS and seven Galileo ones) remarkably improves the success rate under the condition of very short baseline length, compared with the use of seven GPS ones. The numerical reliability of the calculated success rates is strictly tested by examining the tightness of the union and minimum-distance bounds to the rate. These bounds are also shown to be effective to investigate the realization of the high success rates.

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Quality-Sustainable Way to Business Excellence

  • Kondo, Yoshio
    • International Journal of Quality Innovation
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2002
  • Quality is distinguished from the other important management indicators, cost and profitability, by the features of its far longer history and of common concern to both manufacturer and customer. We may say from this that quality has a far more human aspect than either cost or profitability. We stress the importance of establishing “quality culture.” But we do not commonly use the terms of “cost culture” or “productivity culture.”In addition, we know from our experiences that improving quality by creative methods can lead to lower cost and higher productivity, although the converse is not necessarily true. In the Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, it is known that the character of human needs changes from extrinsic and material ones at lower levels to intrinsic and mental or spiritual ones at higher levels. We know from our experience that employee satisfaction is closely linked with quality, which is of more human nature and can further be deployed into the detailed elements of quality. The leaders and managers should positively display leadership and respond to the efforts of the subordinates. Without these managerial leadership and efforts, it is almost impossible to provide essential and true customer satisfaction. They are the indispensable elements for business excellence.

Hydrolytic stability of novel silane coupling agents with phenyl group

  • NiHeil, T.;Kuratal, S.;Ohashi, K.;Omotol, N.;Kondo, Y.;Memoto, K.U;Yoshino, N.;Teranaka, T.
    • Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.605-605
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    • 2003
  • Novel silane coupling agents containing hydrophobic phenyl group 3-(3-methoxy-4-methacryloyloxyphenyl) propyl-trimethoxysilane(p-MPS), -triisocyanatesilane (p-MBI), -trichlorosilane (p-MBC) were synthesized. The bonding durability of these silanes against water immersion and thermal stress was investigated. 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPG) was used as a control. The glass modified with those silanes at a concentration of 2wt% were kept for 3 minutes at $120^{\circ}C$, and then were bonded to the heaped metal with self-cured resin composite.(omitted)

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A study on the special signs In Shanghaibochujian-ZhouYi (상해박초간(上海博楚簡) 『주역(周易)』의 부호와 그 의미)

  • Won, Yong Joon
    • The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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    • no.30
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    • pp.161-190
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    • 2010
  • In Shanghaibochujian-ZhouYi, there are a few special signs in red and black that had never been found in previous ZhouYi texts. Pu Mao Zuo (?茅左), who first sorted out Shanghaibochujian-ZhouYi, classified the signs into six types and explained them in terms of Yin-Yang theory. On the other hand, Li Shang Xin (李尙信) classified the signs into seven types and argued that these signs show that the order of the hexagrams(卦序) in Shanghaibochujian-ZhouYi is completely identical with that of the current version of ZhouYi. Edward L. Shaughnessy also conjectured that the order of the hexagrams(卦序) of Shanghaibochujian-ZhouYi is identical with that of the current version of Zhouyi after his material analysis of the Bamboo slips(竹簡) substance. Kondo Hiroyuki (近藤浩之) is based his interpretation of the order of the hexagrams(卦序) on his own classification of the signs which identified nine types. All these opinions contain some problems and given that the number of the Bamboo slips(竹簡) are very limited, we have to be very careful when we draw a conclusion. Shanghaibochujian-ZhouYi's signs can be possible when we suppose a 64-hexagrams(64卦) system instead of the 8-trigrams(8卦) system, which demands a reexamination of the common view that the 8-trigrams system preceded the 64-hexagrams system.

Actionspectra for Circadian Melatonin Rhythms in the Avian Pineal In Vitro

  • Kondo, Chieko;Haldar, Chandana;Tamotsu, Satoshi;Oishi, Tadashi
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.249-251
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    • 2002
  • The avian pineal as well as the retina has been known to contain several types of photoreceptors with different visual pigments such as rhodopsin, iodopsin and the pineal specific opsin, pinopsin. These organs are also known to have circadian clock to regulate melatonin production. Exposure of animals to light causes a decline of the melatonin level and the phase shifts of melatonin rhythms in the pineal and retina. Therefore, the circadian clock system of these organs seem to consist of three elements, i.e., light input, oscillator and melatonin output systems. In birds, it was suggested that rhodopsin might be involved in the entrainment of pineal melatonin rhythms from the action spectrum experiment for controlling NAT activity rhythms. However, there are much more pinopsin-immunoreactive (Pino-IR) cells than rhodopsin (Rho-IR) and iodopsin (Iodo-IR) cells in the avian pineal. We found that Pino-IR cells appeared earlier embryonic stages than Rho-IR and Iodo-IR cells. So, we tried to identify the visual pigments involved in the circadian melatonin rhythms in the pineal and retina. Organ cultured pineals were exposed to monochromatic light to find out which opsin participates in regulation of melatonin rhythms. The action spectra showed a peak at 475nm, suggesting that pinopsin is the major photopigment to regulate melatonin production in birds.

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Comparison of Beef Color Stability during Display of Two Muscles between Japanese Shorthorn Steers and Japanese Black Steers

  • Muramoto, T.;Higashiyama, M.;Kondo, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.17 no.9
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    • pp.1303-1308
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    • 2004
  • The beef color stability during display of two muscles, m. longissimus thoracis and m. semitendinosus, of Japanese Shorthorn steers (n=14) was compared with that of Japanese Black steers (n=14). The beef color of each carcass was evaluated according to the Japanese Grading Standards at 24 h post mortem. Steak samples from muscles were over-wrapped with PVC film and displayed under fluorescent lights at $4^{\circ}C$ for 9 days. Metmyoglobin percentages of steak samples were determined at days 0, 3, 6 and 9. The overall grade of beef color of the carcasses of Japanese Shorthorn steers was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of Japanese Black steers. The metmyoglobin percentages during the display of two muscles of Japanese Shorthorn steers were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of Japanese Black steers. These results suggested that though beef color evaluation of the carcasses of Japanese Shorthorn steers was lower than that of Japanese Black steers, the beef color stability during the display of the muscle of Japanese Shorthorn steers was higher than that of Japanese Black steers.

THE CENTRAL REGION OF THE BARRED SPIRAL GALAXY NGC 1097 PROBED BY AKARI NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

  • Kondo, T.;Kaneda, H.;Oyabu, S.;Ishihara, D.;Mori, T.;Yamagishi, M.;Onaka, T.;Sakon, I.;Suzuki, T.
    • Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.257-258
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    • 2012
  • With AKARI, we carried out near-infrared spectroscopy of the nearby barred spiral galaxy, NGC 1097, categorized as Seyfert 1 with a circumnuclear starburst ring. Our observations mapped the galactic center region. As a result, we obtain the spatial distributions of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon $3.3{\mu}m$ and the aliphatic hydrocarbon $3.4-3.6{\mu}m$ emission. The former is detected from all the observed regions and the latter is enhanced near the bar connecting the ring with the nucleus. In addition, we detect absorption features due to $H_2O$ ice and CO/SiO at the ring and the galactic center, while we detect the hydrogen recombination line $Br{\alpha}$ only from the ring. Hence the observed spectra change dramatically within the central 1 kpc region.

A STUDY OF THE GALACTIC CENTER REGIONS USING THE IMPROVED DATA OF THE MID-INFRARED ALL-SKY SURVEY

  • Mouri, A.;Kaneda, H.;Ishihara, D.;Oyabu, S.;Kondo, T.;Suzuki, S.;Yasuda, A.;Onaka, T.
    • Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.217-218
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    • 2012
  • Among the AKARI all-sky survey data, the $9{\mu}m$ diffuse map is crucial to study the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features on large spatial scales, while the $18{\mu}m$ map is useful to trace hot dust emission. To utilize these advantages, we have improved the AKARI mid-infrared (MIR) all-sky survey diffuse maps. For example, we have established special methods to remove the effects of the ionizing radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) and of the scattered light from the moon. Using improved diffuse map data, we study the properties of PAHs and dust in the Galactic center region associated with high-energy phenomena.

A Comparison of Broadcast and Final Orbits on GPS Delays in GPS-VLBI Hybrid Observation

  • Kwak, Younghee;Cho, Jungho;Kondo, Tetsuro;Takiguchi, Hiroshi;Amagai, Jun;Gotoh, Tadahiro;Sekido, Mamoru;Ichikawa, Ryuichi;Kim, Tuhwan;Sasao, Tetsuo
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.65-75
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    • 2012
  • We carry out an error analysis of 24-hour global positioning system (GPS)-very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) (GV) hybrid observation data. In this paper, we focus on the impacts of broadcast and final orbits on the GPS delays of the GV hybrid observation by analyzing the residuals, observed - calculated (O-C) values. The residuals show apparent and consistent biases for L1 and L2 signals, respectively. The scatters of the residuals are around a few nanoseconds. The main cause of those observation errors is the absence of the GPS phase and delay calibration system. Most of the satellites show that the differences between the delays, to which broadcast and final orbits are applied, are about 100 times smaller than the current GV hybrid observation errors. We conclude that GPS delays are not greatly affected by orbit accuracies.

Acoustic correlates of L2 English stress - Comparison of Japanese English and Korean English

  • Konishi, Takayuki;Yun, Jihyeon;Kondo, Mariko
    • Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2018
  • This study compared the relative contributions of intensity, F0, duration and vowel spectra of L2 English lexical stress by Japanese and Korean learners of English. Recordings of Japanese, Korean and native English speakers reading eighteen 2 to 4 syllable words in a carrier sentence were analyzed using multiple regression to investigate the influence of each acoustic correlate in determining whether a vowel was stressed. The relative contribution of each correlate was calculated by converting the coefficients to percentages. The Japanese learner group showed phonological transfer of L1 phonology to L2 lexical prosody and relied mostly on F0 and duration in manifesting L2 English stress. This is consistent with the results of the previous studies. However, advanced Japanese speakers in the group showed less reliance on F0, and more use of intensity, which is another parameter used in native English stress accents. On the other hand, there was little influence of F0 on L2 English stress by the Korean learners, probably due to the transfer of the Korean intonation pattern to L2 English prosody. Hence, this study shows that L1 transfer happens at the prosodic level for Japanese learners of English and at the intonational level for Korean learners.