• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.3 s.246
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• pp.219-230
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• 2006

Digital CAD models are one of the most important assets the manufacturer holds. The trend toward concurrent engineering and outsourcing in the distributed development and manufacturing environment has elevated the importance of high quality CAD model and its efficient exchange. But designers have spent a great deal of their time repairing CAD model errors. Most of those poor quality models may be due to designer errors caused by poor or incorrect CAD data generation practices. In this paper, we propose a rule-based approach for healing CAD model errors. The proposed approach focuses on the design history data representation from a commercial CAD model, and the procedural method for building knowledge base to heal CAD model. Through the use of rule-based approach, a CAD model healing system can be implemented, and experiments are carried out on automobile part models.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.67-81
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• 2008

The accuracy rate of P2G (Phoneme-to-Grapheme) is one of the important factors determining the quality of unlimited voice recognition (VR) systems. Few studies were, however, conducted to reduce ambiguities of a phoneme string which can be segmented into a variety of different linguistic units (i.e. morphemes, words, eo-jeols), thus be transformed into more than one grapheme string. This paper is a preliminary research for building a large knowledge base of those homonymic & heterographic units(HHUs), which will provide unlimited Korean VR systems with more accurate P2G information. This paper analyzes 2 main factors generating HHUs: (1) boundary determination of the prosodic unit; (2) its segmentation into linguistic units. In this paper, linguistic characteristics determining variable boundaries of a prosodic unit are investigated, and the ambiguity types of HHUs are classified in accordance with their morphological and syntactic structures as well as with the phonological rules governing them.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.231-240
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• 2001

Conventional expert systems has been criticized due to its lack of capability to adapt to the changing decision-making environments. In literature, many methods have been proposed to make expert systems more environment-adaptive by incorporating fuzzy logic and neural networks. The objective of this paper is to propose a new approach to building a self-evolving expert system inference mechanism by integrating fuzzy neural network and fuzzy rule extraction technique. The main recipe of our proposed approach is to fuzzify the training data, train them by a fuzzy neural network, extract a set of fuzzy rules from the trained network, organize a knowledge base, and refine the fuzzy rules by applying a pruning algorithm when the decision-making environments are detected to be changed significantly. To prove the validity, we tested our proposed self-evolving expert systems inference mechanism by using the bankruptcy data, and compared its results with the conventional neural network. Non-parametric statistical analysis of the experimental results showed that our proposed approach is valid significantly.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2015

The increasing integration of public space and consumerism in Hong Kong has yielded new urban forms. The emergent vertical malls in Hong Kong and other East Asian metropolises have overturned the existing vertical order of the city. This vertical order is determined by the level of accessibility, but is being challenged by widely adopted vertical circulation technology. Inspired by Fredric Jameson's and Rem Koolhaas' reflections on the cultural significance of vertical transportation, this article examines the conflict between market logic and urban design requirements in the vertical interior spaces. "Departmentalization," as the current programming formula for vertical malls, can be further optimized by critically applying urban design doctrines such as Kevin Lynch's five elements of city image. It concludes with a statement that the knowledge base of vertical urbanism should be open to a set of new terminology informed by a new technological environment.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.93-96
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• 2009

The purpose of the research is to explore the development of Beijing fashion industry in the wave of the world-wide creative industries. Two methods are used in this study: discourse analysis and case study. As a form of modern economy, creative industries are the core of originality and intellectual property. It works to develop and use knowledge resource to produce endless new products and new markets, thereby promoting economic and social development. Beijing local garment enterprises should base on the Government's policies and support, creative talent and high technology to cultivate the local fashion brands with the international competition to achieve the clothing industrial upgrading and the building of Beijing as the world-wide fashion capital.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2008

Success of a semantic web application, currently base on web technology, depend on web ontology construction that provided rule and inference function about knowledge. For, this study compared the ontology construction methods that were already proposed, and analyzed, and investigated characteristics of semantic web and web ontology, investigated characteristics of semantic web and web ontology, and defined characteristics of web ontology as-based technology of a semantic web application and knowledge representation steps, and studied a technical element that related currently web technology, and proposed a web ontology construction method for a semantic web application with bases to these. Established web ontologies of various knowledge fields as applied the construction method that proposed. Also evaluate performance of web ontology through inference verification of web ontologies established, web ontologies evaluated performance of web ontology as used inference verification. According to this, we confirmed that proposed construction method that can establish the ontology suitable for semantic web application.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.285-318
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to suggest a theoretical base and guideline for the national scientific and technical information center which is assigned to take charge of the management and building knowledge and information infrastructure of the national scientific technology. And the objective of this study is to contribute to strengthen the need of the building of the national scientific and technical information center and provide operation programs and vision toward information center which will be established later. This study suggests a plan and strategy which make it possible to conduct functions as the national repository, clearinghouse, and portal gateway of the electronic resource and propose space program for the optimal building construction. Therefore, the contents of this study cover the building of the national scientific and technical information center as well as the basic plan of scale and space program, validity analysis of site location and environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.119-152
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• 2022

This study examined the activities of Community of Practice (CoP) of research data curators, including their community building and maintenance activities, by using activity theory as its main theoretical framework. The study used an embedded multiple-case study design for exploring the activities of three CoP of research data curators. The case study design used document analysis and semi-structured interviews to collect data. Besides the community building and maintenance activities, other activities were performed in the CoP of research data curators, which could be largely divided into curation activities, education activities, and communication activities. Membership was largely divided into institutional membership and individual membership, and the motives for members to join and contribute to the CoP vary from extrinsic to intrinsic motivations. Finally, we identified and categorized challenges and success indicators for CoP of research data curators as perceived by participants. In particular, we identified three types of challenges or contradictions the communities faced and 14 perceived indicators of success. This study informs the practice of research data curation by providing a knowledge base for building and maintaining a CoP of research data curators.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-83
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• 2012

A knowledge map describes the network of related knowledge into the form of a diagram, and therefore underpins the structure of knowledge categorizing and archiving by defining the relationship of the referential navigation between knowledge. The referential navigation between knowledge means the relationship of cross-referencing exhibited when a piece of knowledge is utilized by a user. To understand the contents of the knowledge, a user usually requires additionally information or knowledge related with each other in the relation of cause and effect. This relation can be expanded as the effective connection between knowledge increases, and finally forms the network of knowledge. A network display of knowledge using nodes and links to arrange and to represent the relationship between concepts can provide a more complex knowledge structure than a hierarchical display. Moreover, it can facilitate a user to infer through the links shown on the network. For this reason, building a knowledge map based on the ontology technology has been emphasized to formally as well as objectively describe the knowledge and its relationships. As the necessity to build a knowledge map based on the structure of the ontology has been emphasized, not a few researches have been proposed to fulfill the needs. However, most of those researches to apply the ontology to build the knowledge map just focused on formally expressing knowledge and its relationships with other knowledge to promote the possibility of knowledge reuse. Although many types of knowledge maps based on the structure of the ontology were proposed, no researches have tried to design and implement the referential navigation-enabled knowledge map. This paper addresses a methodology to build the ontology-based knowledge map enabling the referential navigation between knowledge. The ontology-based knowledge map resulted from the proposed methodology can not only express the referential navigation between knowledge but also infer additional relationships among knowledge based on the referential relationships. The most highlighted benefits that can be delivered by applying the ontology technology to the knowledge map include; formal expression about knowledge and its relationships with others, automatic identification of the knowledge network based on the function of self-inference on the referential relationships, and automatic expansion of the knowledge-base designed to categorize and store knowledge according to the network between knowledge. To enable the referential navigation between knowledge included in the knowledge map, and therefore to form the knowledge map in the format of a network, the ontology must describe knowledge according to the relation with the process and task. A process is composed of component tasks, while a task is activated after any required knowledge is inputted. Since the relation of cause and effect between knowledge can be inherently determined by the sequence of tasks, the referential relationship between knowledge can be circuitously implemented if the knowledge is modeled to be one of input or output of each task. To describe the knowledge with respect to related process and task, the Protege-OWL, an editor that enables users to build ontologies for the Semantic Web, is used. An OWL ontology-based knowledge map includes descriptions of classes (process, task, and knowledge), properties (relationships between process and task, task and knowledge), and their instances. Given such an ontology, the OWL formal semantics specifies how to derive its logical consequences, i.e. facts not literally present in the ontology, but entailed by the semantics. Therefore a knowledge network can be automatically formulated based on the defined relationships, and the referential navigation between knowledge is enabled. To verify the validity of the proposed concepts, two real business process-oriented knowledge maps are exemplified: the knowledge map of the process of 'Business Trip Application' and 'Purchase Management'. By applying the 'DL-Query' provided by the Protege-OWL as a plug-in module, the performance of the implemented ontology-based knowledge map has been examined. Two kinds of queries to check whether the knowledge is networked with respect to the referential relations as well as the ontology-based knowledge network can infer further facts that are not literally described were tested. The test results show that not only the referential navigation between knowledge has been correctly realized, but also the additional inference has been accurately performed.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.57-81
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• 2008

Knowledge is an essential strategic weapon for sustaining competitive advantage and is the key determinant for organizational growth. When knowledge is shared and disseminated throughout the organization, it increases an organization's value by providing the ability to respond to new and unusual situations. The growing importance of knowledge as a critical resource has forced executives to pay attention to their organizational knowledge. Organizations are increasingly undertaking knowledge management initiatives and making significant investments. Knowledge sourcing is considered as the first important step in effective knowledge management. Most firms continue to make an effort to realize the benefits of knowledge management by using various knowledge sources effectively. Appropriate knowledge sourcing strategies enable organizations to create, acquire, and access knowledge in a timely manner by reducing search and transfer costs, which result in better firm performance. In response, the knowledge management literature has devoted substantial attention to the analysis of knowledge sourcing strategies. Many studies have categorized knowledge sourcing strategies into intemal- and external-oriented. Internal-oriented sourcing strategy attempts to increase firm performance by integrating knowledge within the boundary of the firm. On the contrary, external-oriented strategy attempts to bring knowledge in from outside sources via either acquisition or imitation, and then to transfer that knowledge across to the organization. However, the extant literature on knowledge sourcing strategies focuses primarily on large organizations. Although many studies have clearly highlighted major differences between large and small firms and the need to adopt different strategies for different firm sizes, scant attention has been given to analyzing how knowledge sourcing strategies affect firm performance in small firms and what are the differences between small and large firms in the patterns of knowledge sourcing strategies adoption. This study attempts to advance the current literature by examining the impact of knowledge sourcing strategies on small firm performance from a holistic perspective. By drawing on knowledge based theory from organization science and complementarity theory from the economics literature, this paper is motivated by the following questions: (1) what are the adoption patterns of different knowledge sourcing strategies in small firms (i,e., what sourcing strategies should be adopted and which sourcing strategies work well together in small firms)?; and (2) what are the performance implications of these adoption patterns? In order to answer the questions, this study developed three hypotheses. First hypothesis based on knowledge based theory is that internal-oriented knowledge sourcing is positively associated with small firm performance. Second hypothesis developed on the basis of knowledge based theory is that external-oriented knowledge sourcing is positively associated with small firm performance. The third one based on complementarity theory is that pursuing both internal- and external-oriented knowledge sourcing simultaneously is negatively or less positively associated with small firm performance. As a sampling frame, 700 firms were identified from the Annual Corporation Report in Korea. Survey questionnaires were mailed to owners or executives who were most erudite about the firm s knowledge sourcing strategies and performance. A total of 188 companies replied, yielding a response rate of 26.8%. Due to incomplete data, 12 responses were eliminated, leaving 176 responses for the final analysis. Since all independent variables were measured using continuous variables, supermodularity function was used to test the hypotheses based on the cross partial derivative of payoff function. The results indicated no significant impact of internal-oriented sourcing strategies while positive impact of external-oriented sourcing strategy on small firm performance. This intriguing result could be explained on the basis of various resource and capital constraints of small firms. Small firms typically have restricted financial and human resources. They do not have enough assets to always develop knowledge internally. Another possible explanation is competency traps or core rigidities. Building up a knowledge base based on internal knowledge creates core competences, but at the same time, excessive internal focused knowledge exploration leads to behaviors blind to other knowledge. Interestingly, this study found that Internal- and external-oriented knowledge sourcing strategies had a substitutive relationship, which was inconsistent with previous studies that suggested complementary relationship between them. This result might be explained using organizational identification theory. Internal organizational members may perceive external knowledge as a threat, and tend to ignore knowledge from external sources because they prefer to maintain their own knowledge, legitimacy, and homogeneous attitudes. Therefore, integrating knowledge from internal and external sources might not be effective, resulting in failure of improvements of firm performance. Another possible explanation is small firms resource and capital constraints and lack of management expertise and absorptive capacity. Although the integration of different knowledge sources is critical, high levels of knowledge sourcing in many areas are quite expensive and so are often unrealistic for small enterprises. This study provides several implications for research as well as practice. First this study extends the existing knowledge by examining the substitutability (and complementarity) of knowledge sourcing strategies. Most prior studies have tended to investigate the independent effects of these strategies on performance without considering their combined impacts. Furthermore, this study tests complementarity based on the productivity approach that has been considered as a definitive test method for complementarity. Second, this study sheds new light on knowledge management research by identifying the relationship between knowledge sourcing strategies and small firm performance. Most current literature has insisted complementary relationship between knowledge sourcing strategies on the basis of data from large firms. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, this study identifies substitutive relationship between knowledge sourcing strategies using data from small firms. Third, implications for practice highlight that managers of small firms should focus on knowledge sourcing from external-oriented strategies. Moreover, adoption of both sourcing strategies simultaneousiy impedes small firm performance.