• PNF and Movement
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.213-222
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of early body-weight-supported treadmill training on quadriceps strength, knee pain, and arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) after knee surgery. Methods: Sixteen adults were selected. Seven patients in the experimental group performed body-weight-supported treadmill training, and nine patients in the control group performed general therapeutic exercise programs. Both groups received 20 minutes of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and 20 minutes of exercise therapy for two weeks. We measured quadriceps strength, visual analogue scale, and modified AMI classification grade before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Within the experimental group, significant differences were observed in quadriceps strength, visual analogue scale, and modified AMI classification grade. Significant differences were observed between the before- and after-intervention groups in quadriceps strength and visual analogue scale. However, no significant differences were found in the modified AMI classification. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that early body-weight-supported treadmill training may be an effective intervention for improving strength, reducing pain, and addressing arthrogenic muscle inhibition following knee surgery.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2015

Background: This study was conducted in order to see if muscle strength is different according to fall experience in female elders by comparing their muscle strength of waist and knee, which is one of factors inducing fall. Method: For this study, 22 female elders aged over 65 sampled from senior centers in D City were surveyed on their fall experiences using a questionnaire asking clinical history. Then, 8 elders with fall experience (FE) and another 8 without (NFE) were selected and participated in the research. Isokinetic muscle strength was measured with isokinetic equipment BIODEX SYSTEM 3 PRO, and the peak torque was obtained from the highest of 9 measurements at angular velocity $60^{\circ}/sec$ according to the method recommended in the manual. Measured items were waist flexion and extension, and knee flexion and extension. Results: The FE group showed higher extensor and flexor muscle strength of the waist, but the difference was not significant (p<.05). In addition, no difference was observed in extensor muscle strength of the knee (p<.05). In flexor muscle strength, however, the FE group was significantly higher than the NFE group (p<.05). Conclusion: The application of regular exercise programs for improving muscle strength, endurance, etc. to those with fall experience will be effective in preventing falls among them.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2020

Background: The genicular nerve block (GNB) is demonstrated from several reports to alleviate pain and improve knee functionality in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Ultrasound (US)-guided GNB has been the most used imaging method. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of US-guided versus blind GNB in the treatment of knee OA. Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical trial included patients with knee OA based on American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria. The patients were evaluated for clinical and dynamometer parameters at the baseline, 4 weeks after treatment, and 12 weeks after treatment. The patients underwent blind injection or US-guided injection. Results: When compared with the baseline, both groups showed significant improvement in pain, physical function, and quality of life parameters. Significant differences were observed between the groups for clinical parameters (30-second chair stand test, 6-minute walk test) in favor of the US-guided group. On the other hand, blind injection was more significantly effective on some parameters of the Nottingham Health Profile. There wasn't any significant improvement in isokinetic muscle strength for either group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that both US-guided and blind GNB, in the treatment of knee OA, were effective in reducing symptoms and improving physical function. GNB wasn't an effective treatment for isokinetic muscle function. US-guided injections may yield more effective clinical results than blind injections.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2022

In order to investigate the effect of an 8-week elastic band exercise program according to age on the isokinetic strength and dynamic equilibrium of the knee, 10 women under 49 years old and 10 women over 50 years old were selected. Dynamic equilibrium was measured through Y-Balance test one week before the exercise program, and power and endurance were confirmed by measuring isokinetic muscle strength of the knee. After measurement, small tool exercise was performed for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of exercise, isokinetic muscle strength and dynamic equilibrium were measured. As a result, isokinetic muscle strength, which checks muscle strength and muscular endurance, increased after measurement than before measurement regardless of age, and dynamic equilibrium increased after measurement rather than before measurement, and the group under 49 years of age was higher than the group over 50 years old. We think that small tool exercise improves isokinetic muscle strength and is effective in neuromuscular development, improving dynamic stability ability, which is an important factor in preventing falls.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.131-135
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• 2009

In this study, we performed the compressive strength test of trabecular bone in knee joint for measuring the elastic modulus and ultimate strength. The main knee joint is femorotibial articulation between the lateral and medial femorotibial condyle. In the case of osteoarthritis, some patients have only medial condylar osteoarthritis. We performed the mechanical test for comparison the difference of the each condylar strength. We used diamond core-drill and linear precision saw for making the specimens. Specimens were cored from both condyle in distal femur and proximal tibia in fresh cadaver (male 10, female 12), and tested by universal test machine with temperature control saline circulation system. Results of the test in distal femoral parts, averaged elastic modulus was $360.61{\pm}159.40MPa$ for male, $150.89{\pm}70.65MPa$ for female. Averaged ultimate strength was $6.79{\pm}2.91MPa$ for male, $2.89{\pm}1.31MPa$ for female. Male was 2.4 times stronger than female. In the proximal tibial parts, averaged elastic modulus was $108.80{\pm}52.88MPa$ for male, $73.45{\pm}55.06MPa$ for female. Averaged ultimate strength was $2.59{\pm}1.39MPa$ for male, $1.75{\pm}1.16MPa$ for female. Male was 1.5 times stronger than female. In the distal femoral condyle, medial condyle had more strength than lateral condyle at middle region. But lateral condyle had more strength than medial condyle at anterior & posterior regions (p<0.02). In the proximal tibial condyle, medial condyle had more strength than lateral condyle. (p<0.01).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.675-683
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Whole body vibration exercise(WBVE) in patient with chronic stroke. Methods : Thirty patients were divided into two groups by randomly experimental group(14 subject) and control group(16 subject) in a single blinded, randomised study. experimental group was conducted for the 6-weeks WBVE program and had a structured exercise program for 16 minutes, 5 days per week and control group was conducted for the shame exercise program. Outcome variables included the knee extensor strength, Berg balance scale, Timed up and go test at 0 and 6 weeks. Results : The experimental group tended to improve more than the control group in balance(Berg balance scale) and walking ability(Timed up and go test). There were no trends in differences in change scores by the knee extensor strength. Conclusion : WBVE program may be helpful to improve knee extensor strengthening, dynamic balance and walking ability for patients with chronic patients.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Background: Investigation in gender differences of kinetics and kinematics for individuals with patellar femoral pain syndrome (PFPS) was not sufficiently performed. Objects: The purpose of this study is that whether there is a difference depending on gender from muscle activity and strength and knee valgus angle during controlled single-leg squat which is widely used as clinical movement test for the patient with PFPS. Methods: 20 young adults (10 men, $20.0\pm}2.1$years; 10 women, $20.4{\pm}2.1$years) with PFPS were voluntarily recruited in this study. Muscle activity and strength and knee valgus angle were collected during single-leg squat. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the differences between groups of male and female. Results: Rectus femoris (t=-2.204, p=.041) and vastus medialis oblique (t=-2.151, p=.045) muscle activity of women were significantly higher than male group. Normalized muscle strength of hip and knee muscles showed a significant difference between men and women (p<.05). Valgus angle of the knee in women (t=-2.450, p=.025) were increased significantly than men. Conclusion: The therapist would consider the characteristics of these gender differences during performing movement test, exercise, and education for the individuals with PFPS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an exercise program with patella mobilization on range of motion, muscle strength, and gait in patients with total knee arthroplasty. Methods : Thirty patients under the age of 65 who visited the T hospital in Daegu Metropolitan City and underwent total knee arthroplasty surgery were selected for this study. Fifteen patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group and took part in an exercise program with patella mobilization, and fifteen patients were randomly assigned to the control group and took part in just the exercise program. Each group took part in their intervention three times a week for four weeks. The measurement tools used included a goniometer, handheld dynamometer, and 10-meter walking test. In the statistical analysis results, to compare the about pre and post test differences within each group, a paried t-test was used, and to compare the differences between each group, an independent t-test was used. Results : There was a significant difference (p<.05) in the range of motion, muscle strength of the quadriceps femoris and, hamstrings, and 10-meter walking test within each individual group and between the two groups before and after the intervention (p<.05). Conclusion : All the results for the experimental group were significant. Therefore, it is expected that an exercise program with patella mobilization will be helpful for the recovery of the knee joint in patients who have undergone total knee arthroplasty.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.617-625
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• 2009

The primary purpose of this study was to compare the hamstring-to-quadriceps strength(H/Q) ratios in collegiate soccer players and normal age-matched healthy students, and the secondary purpose was to investigate the changes in the H/Q ratio according to the degree of knee flexion. Twenty-five subjects volunteered to participate in this study. The study group comprised 12 healthy male collegiate soccer players, and the control group, 13 healthy age-matched male collegiate students. The modified N-K table was used for isometric strength measurement(unit: N). Mann-Whitney tests were performed to determine the differences in the H/Q ratios of soccer players and age-matched students at different knee flexion angles of the dominant leg. The strength of the hamstring muscle in the study group was significantly lower than that observed in the control group at knee flexion angles of $60^{\circ}$ (p<.001), $90^{\circ}$ (p<.01), and $120^{\circ}$ (p<05). The strength of the quadriceps muscle in the study group was significantly higher than that observed in the control group at flexion angles of $30^{\circ}$ (p<.001) and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.05). The H/Q ratios in the study and control groups differed significantly at all angles ($60^{\circ}$, p<.001, $90^{\circ}$, p<.001 and $120^{\circ}$, p<.001).

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.2090-2095
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• 2020

Background: Spinal Mobilization is one of the manual therapy technique that clinicians have used to treat pain, however, there is still a lack of research on changes in strength in healthy people. Objectives: To investigate the effect of posterior-anterior lumbar mobilization on lower limb strength in healthy individuals. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: In this study, 23 healthy subjects aged 20 years were assigned to 12 lumbar mobilization group (LMG) and 12 sham group (SG) to perform intervention and measurement through pre- and post-design. Intervention was performed in LMG with grade III~IV on L3-5 of the lumbar spine, and lumbar mobilization was performed for each segment. After intervention, knee flexion and extension strength were measured. To measure the main effect on muscle strength, a comparative analysis was conducted using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: In LMG, knee flexor and extensor strength were increased significantly at 60°/s (P<.05). In addition, the extensors of LMG and SG were significantly different only at 60°/s, and the flexors were significantly different between groups at both 60°/s and 180°/s (P<.05). Conclusion: In healthy individuals, lumbar mobilization results in improvement of strength of knee flexor and extensor, and additional experiments on the effect of mobilization on the lumbar spine on functional changes in the lower limbs will be needed.