• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2013

This study was to perform the kinetic analysis of forward $1\frac{1}{2}$ somersault on the platform diving. Six men's diving players of the Korea national reserve athletes participated in this study. The variables were analyzed response time, velocity, center of mass (COM), angle, center of pressure (COP) and ground reaction force (GRF) of motion. For measure and analysis of this study, used to synchronized to 4 camcorder and 1 force plate, used to the Kwon3D XP (Ver. 4.0, Visol, Korea) and Kwon GRF (Ver. 2.0, Visol, Korea) for analyzed of variables. The results were as follows; Time factor were observed in maximum knee flexion depending on the extent of use at phase 1 of take-off to execute the somersault. This enabled the subject to secure the highest possible body position in space at the moment of jumping to execute the somersault and prepare for the entry into the water with more ease. Regarding the displacement of COM, all subjects showed rightward movement in the lateral displacement during technical execution. Changes in forward and downward movements were observed in the horizontal and vertical displacements, respectively. In terms of angular shift, the shoulder joint angle tended to decrease on average, and the elbow joints showed gradually increasing angles. This finding can be explained by the shift of the coordinate points of body segments around the rotational axis in order to execute the half-bending movement that can be implemented by pulling the lower limb segments toward the trunk using the upper limb segments. The hip joint angles gradually decreased; this accelerated the rotational movement by narrowing the distance to the trunk. Movement-specific shifts in the COP occurred in the front of and vertical directions. Regarding the changes in GRF, which is influenced by the strong compressive load exerted by the supporting feet, efficient aerial movements were executed through a vertical jump, with no energy lost to the lateral GRF.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.344-351
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• 1987

Kinetic studies on the complexing of $[Mo_2O_4(H_2O)_6]^{2+}$ with thiocyanate have been carried out using the spectrophotometric method. The observed rate constant is given by, $k_{obsd}=\{\\k_0+k_H[H^+]\}\;[SCN^-]^2+k_r$. At $25^{\circ}C$ and ionic strength of 2.84 the values of $k_f\;and\;k_r\;are\;5.96{\pm}0.35\;M^{-2}s^{-1}\;and\;(5.45{\pm}4.77){\times}10^{-4}s^{-1}$, respectively. Activation parameters from data at $20^{\circ}$∼$35^{\circ}C\;are\;{\Delta}H^*=38.04{\pm}5.31kJmol^{-1}\;and\;{\Delta}S^*=-172.69JK^{-1}mol^{-1}$. The mechanisms are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.497-500
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• 2003

The established childcare facilities, which were established as a result of a policy of the government focusing on enlarging the numerous facilities, caused some qualitative deficits. In the existing situations, they usually practice a single fixed program and concentrate on more static teaching then kinetic with over-crowded childcare teachers. Most of the teachers are being taken into consideration as improperly qualified professionals for the jobs in the field and we can also point out the passive form of service of the parents and the communities. Thus, We are interested in putting the management system for common education of children based on website mutual help through service after realizing a proper design into the real childcare education. This system makes database through PHP web programing method, organizes a common childcare group, forms a special educational program for each group to take the most proper way of teaching, and finalizes the management system for Common education of children based website.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.222-230
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• 2013

The convergence progress in science technology and ensuing changes in educational environments require another huge change in education programs in the 21st century defined as a knowledge-based information society. But nowadays, prospective college students are increasingly avoiding natural science and engineering. So, educational fields in korea need suitable convergence educational programs (STEAM: science, technology, engineering, arts, mathematics) for creative competent person who is training and experiencing. In addition, environmental design fields are predicting about spread of Kinetic architecture. Therefore the aim of this study is developing convergence hand-on educational program which is incorporate robot science into environmental design for children. The program and teaching materials were developed by mapping between robot science and environmental design process leading the Design Promote Committee in KIID(Korea Institute of Interior Design) supported research teams in Hansung University. And then, For utility of the program, we had a 3 times of demonstration of empirical education. First, graduate students of design and robot major, and small group of children who are selected, at last, 63 children who are applying the program randomly. For more high quality program, we were conducting survey of post-empirical education evaluation for children and their parents. In conclusion, we found out highly satisfaction of the program those two groups. Also they need more organized places, time, task and so on. And the convergence educational program would develop by systematic approach and empirical research. At last, various and series convergence programs and teaching materials would develop creative competency based for regular and irregular courses of whole educational period.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.527-534
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• 1999

Solvolyses of para-substituted cinnamoyl chlorides in aqueous binary mixtures of acetone, ethanol, methanol were investigated at 25.0$^{\circ}C$. These data were interpreted using the Grunwald-Winstein relationship, Hammett equation, and quantum mechanical model. Grunwald-Winstein plots of the first-order rate constants for para-substituted cinnamoyl chlorides with $Y_{CI}$ showed marked dispersions into three separate curves for the three aqueous mixtures with a large m vaIue for aqueous alcohol solvents. This study has shown that the potential energy surface and quanturm mechanical model predict transition state variation correctly for $S_N1$ like $S_N2$ reaction mechanism of para-substituted cinnamoyl chlorides.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the ball velocity and the upper extremity kinematics for both dominant and non-dominant side in inexperienced participants about an overarm throwing task. Method: Seven women who are inexperienced in overarm throwing participated in this study (Age: $25.1{\pm}2.4years$, Height: $160.8{\pm}3.5$; Weight $56.5{\pm}7.8$). Participants visit the laboratory for three days with one day rest between test sessions. Whole body 3-dimensional (3D) motion capture was recorded during the overarm throwing trials with ten cameras Vicon motion analysis system (T-10, T40, Oxford Metrics Ltd, UK). Total 45 overarm throwing were recorded for each side for each test session. Ball speed also was measured 3 meters away behind the subjects and recorded for every trial. Results: Mean ball velocity was higher for dominant hand compared to non-dominant hand (p <.05). Trunk segment variables (maximum angles and angular velocities) showed the most consistent relationship with the ball velocity. Conclusion: The importance of the trunk segment during the throwing activities can be seen in some individuals. But inconsistent results between subjects emphasize the importance of the individuals' movement patterns especially for bilateral sports. The future studies should be conduct about the sequence of segments, kinetic variables and effect of training.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.3706-3710
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• 2012

A novel silicon-containing arylacetylene resin (MSAR) modified by dipropargyl ether of bisphenol A (DPBPA) and dipropargyl ether of perfluorobisphenol A (DPPFBPA) was prepared separately. The curing behaviors of modified resins, DPBPA/MSAR and DPPFBPA/MSAR, were characterized with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The kinetic parameters of modified resins were obtained by the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that the glass transition temperature ($T_g$) of the cured DPBPA/MSAR reached $486^{\circ}C$. According to the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the decomposition temperature ($T_{d5}$) of the cured resins and char yield ($Y_c$, $800^{\circ}C$) decreased as the dipropargyl ether loadings increased, especially in air. With the same weight loading, thermal stability of DPBPA/MSAR was better than that of DPPFBPA/MSAR. The carbon fiber (T300) reinforced composites exhibited excellent flexural properties at room temperature with a high property retention at $300^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the toe headings on the biomechanics of knee joint in drop landing in an attempt to find the potential risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Seventeen male college students ($20.5{\pm}1.1$ yrs; $175.2{\pm}6.4$ cm; $68.8{\pm}5.8$ kg), having no neuromuscular injury within an year, participated in this study. Three different toe headings such as toe-in (TI), neutral (N), and toe-out (TO) positions were tested. Motion capturing system consisting of eight high speed cameras and two force platforms were used to collect three-dimensional motion data and ground reaction force data during landing. Results indicated joint angles and peak joint moments were significantly affected by the toe headings. TI position produced larger valgus angle due to reduce knee distance in addition to higher flexion and valgus moment than other positions, which was somewhat vulnerable to the potential risk of non-contact ACL injury. TO position caused the largest internal rotation angle with smaller joint moments. Therefore, it is recommended that athletes need to land on the ground with neutral toe-heading position as possible in order to minimize the potential risk of non-contact ACL injury.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends of artistic gymnastics on the kinetics. This study analyzed the 76 published papers in the Journal of Korean Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Dance and Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics between 1995 and 2006. Papers were split into two groups for analysis, 1995-1999 and 2000-2006, and classified according to research methods, areas, and main topics. Conclusions are as follow. First, method of research were kinematical research(80.3%), kinetic(17.1%), and EMG research(2.6%). Second, areas of research were hi-bar(31.6%), vault(23.7%), parallel bars(21.1%), floor exercise(13.2%), rings(3.9%), balance beam(3.9%), uneven bars(2.6%). Last, main topic of research were focused on vault Tsukahara skill(13.9%), hi-bar flight skill(11.4%), parallel bars support skill(10.1%), hi-bar dismount skill(8.9%), floor exercise salto skill(8.9%).

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.26 no.1_2
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• pp.355-364
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• 2008

Under pathological stress stimuli, dynamics of a biological system can be changed by alteration of several components such as functional proteins, ultimately leading to disease state. These dynamics in disease state can be modeled using differential equations in which kinetic or system parameters can be obtained from experimental data. One of the most effective ways to restore a particular disease state of biology system (i.e., cell, organ and organism) into the normal state makes optimization of the altered components usually represented by system parameters in the differential equations. There has been no such approach as far as we know. Here we show this approach with a cardiac hypertrophy model in which we obtain the existence of the optimal parameters and construct an optimal system which can be used to find the optimal parameters.