• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.33-46
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• 2020

The purpose of Electronic warfare is to disturbe, neutralize, attack, and destroy the opponent's electronic warfare weapon system or equipment. Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD) mission is aimed at incapacitating, destroying, or temporarily deteriorating air defense networks such as enemy surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), which is a representative mission supported by electronic warfare. This paper develops a simulator for analyzing the effectiveness of SEAD missions under electronic warfare support using C++ language based on the DEVS (Discrete Event Systems Specification) model, the usefulness of which has been proved through case analysis with examples. The SEAD mission of the friendly forces is carried out in parallel with SSJ (Self Screening Jamming) electronic warfare under the support of SOJ (Stand Off Jamming) electronic warfare. The mission is assumed to be done after penetrating into the enemy area and firing HARM (High Speed Anti Radiation Missile). SAM response is assumed to comply mission under the degraded performance due to the electronic interference of the friendly SSJ and SOJ. The developed simulator allows various combinations of electronic warfare equipment specifications (parameters) and operational tactics (parameters or algorithms) to be input for the purpose of analysis of the effect of these combinations on the mission effectiveness.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of discrimination 12 different cultivar of sorghum × sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum genus) seed through near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The amount of samples for develop to the best discriminant equation was 360. Whole samples were applied different three spectra range (visible, NIR and full range) within 680-2500 nm wavelength and the spectrastar 2500 Near near infrared was used to measure spectra. The calibration equation for discriminant analysis was developed partial least square (PLS) regression and discrimination equation (DE) analysis. The PLS discriminant analysis model for three spectra range developed with mathematic pretreatment 1,8,8,1 successfully discriminated 12 different sorghum genus. External validation indicated that all samples were discriminated correctly. The whole discriminant accuracy shown 82 ~ 100 % in NIR full range spectra. The results demonstrated the usefulness of NIRS combined with chemometrics as a rapid method for discrimination of sorghum × sudangrass hybrid cultivar through seed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.437-444
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• 2021

To evaluate the usefulness of Volume Axial Mode by comparing analyzing the exposure dose of the patients and the quality of each images from CT images obtained from high pitch mode using the local phantom or volume axial mode to determine the usefulness of he volume axial mode in diagnosing the head and cervical disease in adults. High Pitch Mode, Helical Mode, and Volume axial Mode as adult phantom were tested according to 70 kVp, 80 kVp, and 100 kVp tube voltages during an adult frontal CT scans. The equipment used was GE's Revolution (GE Healthcare, Wisconsin USA) model and iMED X-ray Phantom. The exposure dose of phantom was compared using the images obtained from each protocol, and the image quality was compared by calculating SNR and CNR by setting ROI on each image. When examined using Volume Axial Mode, the exposure dose of phantom was measured 17.12% lower than Helical Mode, 5.35% lower than High Pitch Mode, and both SNR and CNR were improved. Volume Axial Mode is a useful test that reduces investigation time without table movement using high speed rotary scanner, and in which exposure dose is reduced and image quality is improved by acquiring images in a short time of 0.28 seconds of phantom than using High Pitch Mode and Helical Mode. In addition, the fast testing time of Volume Axial Mode can be seen as the biggest advantage CT scans of emergency patients or patients with physical discomfort.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.412-421
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• 2021

Purpose: Thioacetamide (TAA) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver, and the generated ROS induces liver injury through inflammatory reactions. The current study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Artemisiae Capillaris Herba water extract (AC), imparted via its antioxidant activity, in an animal model of TAA-induced liver injury. Methods: Animal experiments were conducted in 5 groups: normal, control (TAA 200 mg/kg), SM (TAA 200 mg/kg + silymarin 100 mg/kg), ACL (TAA 200 mg/kg + AC 100 mg/kg), ACH (TAA 200 mg/kg + AC 200mg/kg). TAA (intraperitoneal) and treatment compounds (per oral) were administered for 3 days. Serum levels of ammonia concentration and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were subsequently measured. Liver tissues were subjected to western blot analysis for measuring the oxidative stress (NADPH oxidase), anti-oxidative activity (Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase, and GPx-1/2), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) protein expressions. Results: Serum ammonia levels and MPO activity were significantly increased in the TAA-induced control group, whereas groups administered AC treatment showed markedly reduced levels. Western blot analysis revealed significantly increased NOX2 and p22^phox expressions, (oxidative stress-related factors) in the TAA-induced control group. These levels were determined to be significantly decreased after AC exposure. Moreover, antioxidant-related factors including Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, catalase, and GPx-1/2 were significantly decreased in the control group and increased in the AC treated groups. In addition, MMP expressions were significantly suppressed in the AC treatment group due to increased levels of TIMP-1. Conclusion: Taken together, these data indicate that exposure to AC reduces the oxidative stress by inhibiting the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX2 and p22^phox) through the Nrf2 signaling pathway. We therefore propose the potential of AC for the prevention and treatment of TAA-induced liver injury.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

This study was conducted with the aim of developing a mobile app so that parents and children can provide questions and conversation-based Home Humanity Education. App development was developed in four stages: analysis, design, development, and evaluation by modifying the ADDIE model. In the analysis stage, education goals were set and seven core competencies were extracted for the app. In the design stage, 15 menus, including character to implement seven core competencies, were selected for learning contents. In the development stage, questions were asked based on 1,000 photos, and parents and children naturally talked to strengthen their core competencies. In the evaluation stage, the user's evaluation interview was followed by a reflux process that produced and reflected improvements. Based on research results, it is going to suggest follow-up research on developing apps for home humanity education. First, it is necessary to verify the learning experiences and changes that occur when parents and children use apps for a long time through longitudinal research. Second, a follow-up study is needed on how to use the home humanity education app by age and how to improve it accordingly. Third, as the number of cases in which grandparents raise their grandchildren increases, it is necessary to study the process and learning effects of grandparents and grandchildren using the app.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.215-228
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• 2021

The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify cultural factors among older Americans that could influence them to accept new welfare technologies. This study also explored how social and cultural-based plans could increase the acceptability of welfare technologies for improving the quality of life of older adults in the future. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten professionals who work with older adults. The collected interview data were subsequently analyzed using a two-cycle open coding process. The data analysis generated 29 codes that were organized into 7 primary codes, or categories, and 22 secondary codes nested within the primary codes. Several themes were identified: individualism, family-oriented culture, pragmatism, low-context culture, privacy, fun-seeking culture, and a less hierarchical culture. These findings will inform the development of a future survey to examine the relationship between older adults' intentions when using technology and socio-cultural factors in community settings. In order to explore the different impact levels of the cultural factors found in this study, the future study will need to include measures for identifying socio-cultural variations among individuals in one country or across countries.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.391-404
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• 2021

This study developed a long-term prediction model for the potential yield of garlic based on a genetic algorithm (GA) by utilizing global climate reanalysis data. The GA is used for digging the inherent signals from global climate reanalysis data which are both directly and indirectly connected with the garlic yield potential. Our results indicate that both deterministic and probabilistic forecasts reasonably capture the inter-annual variability of crop yields with temporal correlation coefficients significant at 99% confidence level and superior categorical forecast skill with a hit rate of 93.3% for 2 × 2 and 73.3% for 3 × 3 contingency tables. Furthermore, the GA method, which considers linear and non-linear relationships between predictors and predictands, shows superiority of forecast skill in terms of both stability and skill scores compared with linear method. Since our result can predict the potential yield before the start of farming, it is expected to help establish a long-term plan to stabilize the demand and price of agricultural products and prepare countermeasures for possible problems in advance.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2022

Installing Continuous Welded Rail (CWR) is one of the economical ways to resolve the challenges of noise, vibration, and the open-deck steel railway bridge impact, and the SSF method using the interlocking sleeper fastener has recently been developed. In this study, the method employed for determining the optimum vertical stiffness of the sleeper pad installed under the bridge sleeper, which is utilized to adjust the rail height and absorb shock when the train passes when the interlocking sleeper fastener is applied, is presented. To determine the optimal vertical stiffness of the sleeper pad, related existing design codes are reviewed, and, running safety, ride comfort, track safety, and bridge vibration according to the change in the vertical stiffness of the sleeper pad are estimated via flexible multi-body dynamic analysis,. The flexible multi-body dynamic analysis is performed using commercial programs ABAQUS and VI-Rail. The numerical analysis is conducted using the bridge model for a 30m-long plate girder bridge, and the response is calculated when passing ITX Saemaeul and KTX vehicles and freight wagon when the vertical stiffness of the sleeper pad is altered from 7.5 kN/mm to 240 kN/mm. The optimum stiffness of the sleeper pad is calculated as 200 kN/mm under the conditions of the track components applied to the numerical analysis.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.283-298
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• 2022

As Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image can be acquired regardless of the weather and day or night, it is highly recommended to be used for Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) in the fields of surveillance, reconnaissance, and national security. However, there are some limitations in terms of cost and operation to build various and vast amounts of target images for the SAR-ATR system. Recently, interest in the development of an ATR system based on simulated SAR images using a target model is increasing. Attributed Scattering Center (ASC) matching and template matching mainly used in SAR-ATR are applied to target classification. The method based on ASC matching was developed by World View Vector (WVV) feature reconstruction and Weighted Bipartite Graph Matching (WBGM). The template matching was carried out by calculating the correlation coefficient between two simulated images reconstructed with adjacent points to each other. For the performance analysis of the two proposed methods, the Synthetic and Measured Paired Labeled Experiment (SAMPLE) dataset was used, which has been recently published by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). We conducted experiments under standard operating conditions, partial target occlusion, and random occlusion. The performance of the ASC matching is generally superior to that of the template matching. Under the standard operating condition, the average recognition rate of the ASC matching is 85.1%, and the rate of the template matching is 74.4%. Also, the ASC matching has less performance variation across 10 targets. The ASC matching performed about 10% higher than the template matching according to the amount of target partial occlusion, and even with 60% random occlusion, the recognition rate was 73.4%.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.190-204
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• 2022

Background: In Korea, the population is rapidly aging, and the types of households for the elderly are also diversifying. The self-rated health of the elderly is a valuable health indicator that can comprehensively represent the overall quality of life along with physical, mental, and functional health. On the other hand, studies on the association between household type and self-rated health of the elderly are still insufficient. Thus, this study analyzed the association between household type and self-rated health by gender in Korean older adults. Methods: Using data from the analysis of the National Survey of Older Koreans 2017, 10,299 elderly people aged 65 and over were targeted. For the accuracy of the analysis data, 9,910 people were selected as the study sample by excluding proxy responses, those diagnosed with dementia, and non-response. And technical analysis, univariate analysis using the Rao-Scott chi-square test, and logical regression analysis involving survey characteristics were conducted by gender. Results: According to the adjusted model with all variables, in both men and women, the odds ratio of self-rated health 'bad' in 'couple (with ill spouse)' was significantly higher than 'couple (with spouse)'. It was 2.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05-3.15) for men and 2.11 (95% CI, 1.70-2.62) for women. In addition, the odds ratio of self-rated health 'bad' in 'living with adult children' was 1.43 (95% CI, 1.09-1.87) for men and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.15-1.75) for women, which was more significant in women than men. Conclusion: This study states that there is an association between gender, household type, and self-rated health of the elderly, and the health of a spouse and cohabitation with children have a significant effect on self-rated health. As a result, in order to improve the health status of the elderly, health promotion and health care policies involving the characteristics of the elderly's gender and household type are needed.