• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.455-459
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• 1998

Ten sheeps from one farm had sudden onset of anorexia, jaundice and hemoglobinuria and died within 3 days after showing clinical signs during 3 months period. Postmortom examination was performed on one case and copper concentrations in the livers kidney and serum of the necmpsied minim were analysed. Grossly, the conjunctive, subcutaneous tissue and abdominal fat were generally icteric. The liver was enlarged with yellowish orange in color. The kidney was enlarged with dark red in color and the urinary bladder was filled with dark red urine. Histopathologically, centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis, neutrophilic infiltrations bile stasis and aggregation of fine granules-laden macrophages in the portal area were noted in the liver. Most of the Bowman's spaces and renal tubules were filled with homogenous eosinophilic fluid. Extramedullary hematopoiesis was noted in the submandibular lymph node. Copper concentrations in serum, liver and kidney of the necropsied animal were 25.0, 2732.8 and 471.3 ppm respectively. Based on the gross and histopathological findings and the high copper concentrations in the organs, this case was diagnosed as chronic copper toxicosis. Possible etiology on this outbreak is also discussed.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.300-307
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• 1999

The enzyme activities and antioxidative of tocopherol and ascorbate were investigated at the levels of liver, kidney homogenates and sera of SD-rats intoxicated with tetrachlorocarbon$CCl_4$. GOT and GPT activities of sera in the $CCl_4$ group were 3, 6 times increased compared to normal group. But they tended to decrease significantly in tocopherol and ascorbate administered group. As for BUN and total cholesterol they were the same. HDL-cholesterol in the $CCl_4$group was 42% decreased compared to normal group. HDL-cholesterol was about 26% increased in the tocopherol group and tocopherol ascorbate group compared to $CCl_4$ group. MDA and SOD activities in the liver and the kidney tissue homogenates were significantly increased in $CCl_4$ group compared to normal group. But they were decreased significantly in the tocopherol group and tocopherol-ascorbate group compared to $CCl_4$ group. In view of this study tocopherol and ascorbated were ascorbate were effective on the detoxication of liver and kidney injury.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2009

편측 수뇨관증과 수신증으로 내원한 개에서 편측성 신요관절제술을 시행하였다. 개복 시 유착조직이 신장의 안쪽 면에서부터 복대동맥 위까지 형성되어 있었으며, 등쪽안쪽면과 복대동맥 사이에 유착조직이 형성되어 있었다. 또한 좌측 난소가 신장의 꼬리쪽 극에 유착되어 있었다. 유착조직의 형성으로 인해 신장 동맥과 정맥을 구별하여 결찰하는 것이 불가능 하였기 때문에 신장의 안쪽면 두 곳에서 집단결찰을 시행한 후 유착조직을 신장의 안쪽면에서 분리하였다. 신장의 등쪽안쪽면과 복대동맥사이에 형성된 유착조직으로부터 신장을 분리하기 위해 유착조직을 절개해 나갈때 신장동맥의 절제로 인한 출혈이 발생하였다. 출혈의 원인은 복대동맥에서 분지되어 나온 신장동맥부위가 신장의 등쪽안쪽면과 유착이 되어있었기 때문에 신장의 안쪽면에 적용한 집단결찰에 신장동맥이 포함되지 못하였던 것으로 생각된다. 발생된 출혈은 절제된 신장동맥의 이중결찰과 전기소락기를 이용하여 멈추게 하였다. 본 증례를 통해, 신장이 주변복강 장기와 심하게 유착되어 신장 동, 정맥을 구별하여 결찰하기 힘든 경우 집단 결찰법을 선택할 수 있으며, 집단결찰법은 해부학적으로 신장 동, 정맥이 신장으로 들어가는 안쪽면 뿐만 아니라 유착이 형성된 신장의 모든 면에 선택적으로 적용되어야 한다고 생각한다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2004

Iron (Fe) is an essential metal in biological processes, which maintains a homeostasis in the human body. Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) has been known as an iron transporting membrane protein, which is involved in the uptake Fe at the apical portion of intestinal epithelium, and may transport Fe across the membrane of acidified endosome in peripheral tissues. In this study, we studied the tissue distribution of DMT1 in the Fe supplemented (FeS) diet fed rats, and the regulation of DMT1 expression by depleting body Fe. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, and fed FeS (120 mg Fe/kg) diet or Fe deficient (FeD, 2∼6 mg Fe/kg) diet for 4 weeks. The evaluation of body Fe status was monitored by measuring sFe, UIBC and tissue Fe concentration. Additionally, DMT1 mRNA levels were analyzed in the peripheral tissues by using the quantitative real time RT-PCR method. In the FeS diet fed rats, the tissue Fe was maintained at a relatively high level, and DMT1 was eventually expressed in all tissues studied. DMT1 was highly expressed in the testis, kidney and spleen, while a moderate levels of DMT1 expression was detected in the brain, liver and heart. In the digestive system, the highest level of DMT1 was found in the duodenum. Feeding the FeD diet caused a reduced body weight gain and depletion of body Fe with finding of decreased sFe, increased UIBC and decreased tissue Fe concentration. The depletion of body Fe upregulated DMT1 expression in the peripheral tissue. The expression of DMT1 was very sensitive to the body Fe depletion in the small intestine, especially in the duodenum, showing dramatically higher levels in the FeD rats than those of the FeS group. In the FeD diet fed animals, the expression of DMT1 was low significantly in other tissues compared with the duodenum. The expression of DMT1, however, was 60∼120% higher in the testis, kidney and spleen, and 30∼50% higher in the lung, liver and heart, compared to the FeS diet fed rats. In summary, DMT1 expression was ubiquitous in mammalian tissue, and the level of expression was the organ-dependent. The expression of DMT1 in peripheral tissues was upregulated by depletion of body Fe. Duodenum was the most sensitive tissue among organs studied during Fe depletion, and expressed the greatest level of DMT1, while other tissues were less higher than in duodenum. This study supports that DMT1 plays a role in maintaining the body Fe level through intestinal uptake as well as homeostasis of Fe in the peripheral tissue.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 1983

In order to clarify the effect of the unilateral pneumonectomy on the compensatory growth of the residual lung, liver and kidney, and serum electrophoresis pattern, right lung pneumonectomy was performed on rabbits under general anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium. On the fifth day after the surgery, the weight of the residual lung, liver and bilateral kidneys was measured and organ weight-body weight ratio was calculated. And in an attempt to know whether the cells in the liver and the kidney were proliferated by unilateral pneumonectomy, DNA content was determined. The quantity(g/100 ml) of serum protein was determined also and serum electrophoresis was performed on cellulose acetate membrane. The results obtained are summarized as following. The weight of the residual lung and lung weight-body weight ratio was significantly increased respectively. The weight of the liver and organ weight-body weight ratio were not changed but the DNA content of the liver and kidney tissue increased significantly, illustrating that unilateral pneumonectomy caused cellular hyperplasia in the liver and in the kidney as well as in the residual lung. The quantity(g/100 ml) of serum protein was significantly increased and in the analysis of the electrophoregram, there was significant difference between the normal and pneumonectomy group. Taken together, these results indicate that unilateral pneumonectomy caused the compensatory hyperplasia of the liver, the kidney and the residual lung as well as the change of electro-phoretic pattern. And it also suggests that a humoral factor, which proliferates the cells in the residual lung, the liver and the kidney, existed in the pneumonectomized rabbits.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.734-740
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of green tea catechins on the antioxidative defense enzyme activity of kidney in diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighting 100$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one normal and three STZ-induced diabetic groups; catechin free diet(DM-0C group), 0.25% catechin diet(DM-0.25C group) and 0.5% catechin diet(DM-0.5C group). Diabetes was induced by intravenous of 55mg/Kg body weight of STZ in sodium citrate buffer(pH 4.3) after 4 weeks feeding of experimental diets. Rats were sacrified at the 6th day of diabetic states. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in kidney was decreased by 25% and 20% in DM-0C and DM-0.25C groups compared with normal group, DM-0.5C group was not significantly different when compared with normal group. Glutathione peroxidase(GSHpx) activity in kidney was were no significant differences the diabetic groups compared to normal group. Xanthin oxidase(XOD) activity was increased by 110% and 63% in DM-0C and DM-0.25C groups compared with normal group, DM-0.5C group was not significantly different when compared with normal group. The contents of superoxide radical(O$_2$)in kindney were 116% and 33%, respectively, higher in DM-0C and DM-0.25C groups than normal group. DM-0.5C group and normal groups were similar levels in their superoxide radical contents of kidneys. Levels of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) in kidney were increased by 62% in DM-0C group, when compared with normal group, but those of DM-0.5C group were similar to that of normal groups. These results indicate that free radical generation system was weakened and free radical scavenger system was enhance in kidney of STZ-induced diabetics rats by dietary catechin. Thereby it may reduce renal disorders such as oxidative damage and aging of tissue.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 1997

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of DWP20349 and 20351, new quinolones, were examined in rats after a single intravenous and oral administration. Analyses of DWP20349 an d DWP20351 in plasma, tissue, and urine were determined by both HPLC and bioassay(microbiological assay). The plasma concentrations of the drugs declined biexponentially. The terminal half-lives ($t_{1/2\beta}$) of drugs were about 114 min (DWP20349) and 105 min (DWP20351) after intravenous dosing, and were 77 min (DWP20349) and 79 min (DWP20351) after oral dosing. The volume of distrbution at steady-state ($Vd_{ss}$) and total body clearances ($Cl_t$) of DWP20349 and DWP20351 were 760 ml/kg and 1126 ml/kg, and 5ml/min/kg and 10 ml/min/kg, respectively. The extents of bioavailability if DWP20349 and DWP20351 after oral administration were 29% and 28%, respectively. 24 h urinary recoveries measured by bioassay were 1.8% (DWP20349) and 1.3% (DWP20351) after oral dosing, and 2.4% (DWP20349) and 1.9% (DWP20351) after intravenous dosing. Plasma protein binding ratios ranged from 87%-90% (DWP20349) and 61%-68% (DWP20351). These drugs were highly distrbuted by the order of lung, kidney, liver and plasma (DWP20394), and lung, liver, kidney and plasma (DWP20351) after 1 hour orally administered.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2023

Objectives We investigated anti-obesity effects of Menthae Herba hydrosol in obese mice. Methods Animals were divided into four groups, and treatments were performed for 7 weeks. After the treatment, serum lipid profiles, weight and pathological morphology in liver, kidney, adipose tissue were measured. Also, hepatic protein and gene expression levels of lipid metabolism-related factors were analyzed. Results Body weight was decreased in P3% group. In P1% (group fed high-fat diet and 1% Menthae Herba hydrosol) and P3% (group fed high-fat diet and 3% Menthae Herba hydrosol) group, weight of white adipose tissue, serum levels of triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen were decreased, and weight of muscle was increased. Also, liver, kidney and epididymal adipocyte size were reduced in P1% and P3% group. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase was increased and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) was decreased in P3% group. mPeroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ, mMonocyte chemotactic protein-1 were decreased in P1% and P3% group. In P3% group, mSREBP-1c was decreased and mCarnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 was increased. And mUncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue was increased. Conclusions These results suggest that Menthae Herba hydrosol has a worthy effect on anti-obesity.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.347-350
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 신장세포를 이용하여 신장을 재생하는 조직공학적인 신장 재생 방법을 개발하기 위해 신생 rat으로부터 분리한 신장세포를 피브린 고분자와 혼합하여 신부전 rat의 신장에 주사 이식하였고 4주 후에 신장 구조의 형성 및 개선된 BUN, creatinine 수치를 확인하였다. 이는 이식된 세포에 의해 신부전의 증상이 완화(치료)된 것으로, 앞으로 이에 대한 추가적인 장기간의 실험이 필요하다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1999

The heavy metal concentrations in seawater and winkles (Littorina brevicula) collected from the Onsan bay area in southeast of Korea were analyzed. The heavy metal concentrations in the seawater obtained from the most polluted site showed approximately 189. 205. and 110 fold higher cadmium, copper. and zinc concentrations, respectively. than the uncontaminated control site. The contamination levels of these metals in winkles were 11.08 - 2.35, 334.5 - 212.5, and 426.0 - 499.2$\mu\textrm{g}$ per gram dry body weight. respectively. The concentrations of all three metals in both the seawater and winkles decreased gradually with increasing distance from Daejeong stream, suggesting the stream being the major source of heavy metal input into the bay. Among the four body parts of digestive gland and gonad. gill. kidney, and remaining tissue in contaminated winkles, kidney showed the highest accumulation level of cadmium: copper and zinc, however. were more or less distributed among the four body parts. Upon gel filtration chromatography of the cytosol from the kidney of cadmium induced winkles, one cadmium peak corresponded to the elution peak of horse kidney metallothionein.