• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.08a
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• pp.85-91
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• 2005

Coexistence of different wireless systems that share the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band is becoming one of the most important issue. This paper presents a model of the interference that IEEE 802.11b may experience because of IEEE 802.15.4. The packet error rate (PER) of IEEE 802.11b under the interference of IEEE 802.15.4 is analyzed. The PER is obtained by using the bit error rate (BER) and the collision time. The analytical results are validated using simulation.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.217-221
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• 2023

최근 몇 년 동안, Large Language Model(LLM)의 발전은 인공 지능 연구 분야에서 주요 도약을 이끌어 왔다. 이러한 모델들은 복잡한 자연어처리 작업에서 뛰어난 성능을 보이고 있다. 특히 Human Alignment를 위해 Supervised Fine Tuning, Reinforcement Learning, Chain-of-Hindsight 등을 적용한 언어모델이 관심 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 위에 언급한 3가지 지시학습 방법인 Supervised Fine Tuning, Reinforcement Learning, Chain-of-Hindsight 를 Llama, OPT 모델에 적용하여 성능을 측정 및 비교한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.690-693
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• 2023

언어 모델의 파라미터 수의 지속적인 증가로 100B 단위의 거대 언어모델 LLM(Large Language Model)을 구성 할 정도로 언어 모델의 크기는 증가 해 왔다. 이런 모델의 크기와 함께 성장한 다양한 Task의 작업 성능의 향상과 함께, 발전에는 환각(Hallucination) 및 윤리적 문제도 함께 떠오르고 있다. 이러한 문제 중 특히 환각 문제는 모델이 존재하지도 않는 정보를 실제 정보마냥 생성한다. 이러한 잘못된 정보 생성은 훌륭한 성능의 LLM에 신뢰성 문제를 야기한다. 환각 문제는 정보 검색을 통하여 입력 혹은 내부 표상을 증강하면 증상이 완화 되고 추가적으로 성능이 향상된다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 질의 응답에서 검색 증강을 통하여 모델의 개선점을 확인한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Near InfraRed Spectroscopy(NIRS) is a quick and accurate analytical method to measure multiple components in tobacco manufacturing process. This study was carried out to develop calibration equation of near infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of the amount of chemical components and hot water solubles(HWS) of reconstituted tobacco leaf. Calibration samples of reconstituted tobacco leaf were collected from every lot produced during one year. The calibration equation was formulated as modified partial least square regression method (MPLS) by analyzing laboratory actual values and mathematically pre-treated spectra. The accuracy of the acquired equation was confirmed with the standard error of prediction(SEP) of chemical components in reconstituted tobacco leaf samples, indicated as coefficient of determination($R^2$) and prediction error of sample unacquainted, followed by the verification of model equation of laboratory actual values and these predicted results. As a result of monitoring, the standard error of prediction(SEP) were 0.25 % for total sugar, 0.03 % for nicotine, 0.03 % for chlorine, 0.16 % for nitrate, and 0.38 % for hot water solubles. The coefficient of determination($R^2$) were 0.98 for total sugar, 0.97 for nicotine, 0.96 for chlorine, 0.98 for nitrate and 0.92 for hot water solubles. Therefore, the NIRS calibration equation can be applicable and reliable for determination of chemical components of reconstituted tobacco leaf, and NIRS analytical method could be used as a rapid and accurate quality control method.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.165-180
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• 2020

As a tiered system of supports, School-Wide Positive Behavior Support (SWPBS) is an evidence-based practice in the educational system of Korea. An important aspect of SWPBS is the ongoing progress monitoring and evaluation of implementation fidelity. This study aimed to develop and validate the Korean Tier 3 School-Wide Positive Behavior Support Implementation Fidelity Checklist (KT3-FC). The preliminary KT3-FC consisted of a 37-item, 6-factor checklist. In the first phase of the study, 10 experts reported that the range of content validity of the KT3-FC was adequate. In the second phase of the study, 185 teachers (52 men and 133 women) who implemented SWPBS completed the KT3-FC, Individualized Supports Questionnaire, School Climate Questionnaire, School Discipline Practice Scale, and PBS Effectiveness Scale. An exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 5-factor structure, with 20 items, instead of 37 items, consisting of: (a) progress monitoring and evaluation of the individualized supports, (b) provision of supports by aligning and integrating mental health and SWPBS, (c) crisis management planning, (d) problem behavior assessment, and (e) establishment of individualized support team. The internal consistency of the KT3-FC was good (full scale α = .950, sub-factor α = .888 ~ .954). In addition, the KT3-FC showed good convergent validity, having statistically significant correlations with the Individualized Support Questionnaire, School Climate Questionnaire, School Discipline Practice Scale, and the PBS Effectiveness Scale. Finally, the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 5-factor model of the KT3-FC had some good model fits, indicating that the newly developed fidelity measure could be a reliable and valid tool to assess the implementation of Tier 3 supports in Korean schools. Accordingly, the KT3-FC could contribute to implement SWPBS as an evidence-based behavioral intervention for Korean students.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.119-132
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• 2000

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 2014

Understanding the forest fire patterns is necessary to comprehend the stability of the forest ecosystems. Thus, researchers have suggested the simulation models to mimic the forest fire spread dynamics, which enables us to predict the forest damage in the scenarios that are difficult to be experimentally tested in laboratory scale. However, many of the models have the limitation that many of them did not consider the complicated environmental factors, such as fuel types, wind, and moisture. In this study, we suggested a simple model with the factors, especially, the geomorphological structure of the forest and two types of fuel. The two fuels correspond to susceptible tree and resistant tree with different probabilities of transferring fire. The trees were randomly distributed in simulation space at densities ranging from 0.5 (low) to 1.0 (high). The susceptible tree had higher value of the probability than the resistant tree. Based on the number of burnt trees, we then carried out the sensitivity analysis to quantify how the forest fire patterns are affected by the structure and tree density. We believe that our model can be a useful tool to explore forest fire spreading patterns.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.417-422
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• 2010

In this study, the resistance performances of barge are analyzed by model tests and computation using CFD to investigate the flow characteristics around a barge in still water. The model tests are carried out in infinite depth in Inha Technical College Circulation Tank to observe the resistance and the numerical simulations based on VOF(Volume of Fluid) method are performed to analyze the flow around the barge. We have selected two barge models to investigate the flow characteristics according to the different type of barges. The experiments are carried out with the models from 5kts to 10kts(designed speed 7kts) considering the effect of adverse and favorable current. The numerical simulations are performed to analyze the flow and resistance characteristics of barge in the full loaded condition with the target speed and compared with the experimental data to confirm the reliability of the numerical method. The result was that the difference of resistance with 25% occurred at low speed and EHP increased rapidly from 7kts.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.173-190
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• 2022

With the development of spatial structures, the joints are becoming more and more complex to connect tubular members of spatial structures. In this study, an approach is proposed to establish high-efficiency finite element model of multiplanar KTX-joint with the weld geometries accurately simulated. Ultimate bearing capacity the KTX-joint is determined by the criterion of deformation limit and failure mechanism of chord wall buckling is studied. Size effect of fillet weld on the joint ultimate bearing capacity is preliminarily investigated. Based on the validated finite element model, a parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of geometric and loading parameters of KT-plane brace members on ultimate bearing capacity of the KTX-joint. The effect mechanism is revealed and several design suggestions are proposed. Several simple reinforcement methods are adopted to constrain the chord wall buckling. It is concluded that the finite element model established by proposed approach is capable of simulating static behaviors of multiplanar KTX-joint; chord wall buckling with large indentation is the typical failure mode of multiplanar KTX-joint, which also increases chord wall displacements in the axis directions of brace members in orthogonal plane; ultimate bearing capacity of the KTX-joint increases approximately linearly with the increase of fillet weld size within the allowed range; the effect mechanism of geometric and loading parameters are revealed by the assumption of restraint region and interaction between adjacent KT-plane brace members; relatively large diameter ratio, small overlapping ratio and small included angle are suggested for the KTX-joint to achieve larger ultimate bearing capacity; the adopted simple reinforcement methods can effectively constrain the chord wall buckling with the design of KTX-joint converted into design of uniplanar KT-joint.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2005

Coexistence of different wireless systems that share the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band is becoming one of the most important issue. This paper presents a model of the interference that IEEE 802.11b affected by IEEE 802.15.4. The packet error rate (PER) of IEEE 802.11b under the interference of IEEE 802.15.4 is analyzed. The PER is obtained by using the bit error rate (BER) and the collision time. Further, this paper suggests a packet length to reduce the effect of the IEEE 802.15.4 interference and obtain a maximum throughput of the IEEE 802.11b. The analytical results are validated using simulation.