• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.548-551
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• 2003

부산 금정산 지역의 지하수위와 강우량과의 관계를 알아보고자 시계열 분석을 통하여 자기상관함수와 상호상관함수를 구하였다. 이를 위하여 금정산 산성마을 주변의 19개 관측공 중 자동수위측정기가 설치된 4개 관측공(KJ2, KJ8, KJ15, KJ19)의 지하수위 자료와 부산지역의 강우량 자료를 이용하였다. 지하수위 및 강수량은 각각 1일 평균, 1일 누적 값을 이용하였다. 자기상관분석의 경우, KJ2와 KJ19의 경우 지연시간이 2일 이내, KJ8의 경우는 3일 이내에 0으로 수렴하며, KJ15의 경우는 지연시간이 8일째에 0으로 수렴한다. 강수량과 지하수위의 교차상관분석결과, KJ2, KJ15, KJ19호 공은 지연시간이 0일 때 교차상관함수가 각각 0.6572, 0.6303, 0.7857이교 KJ8호 공은 지연시간이 1일 때 0.7141이다. 또한 대부분 짧은 지연시간에 교차상관함수가 0으로 수렴한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.104-110
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• 2015

In order to develop new Kalopanax pictus shoot Jangajji (KJ) with low salt concentration, physicochemical changes of KJ soaked at different concentration of soybean sauce (10~50%) were investigated for 50 days. The pH of KJ increased significantly with increasing concentration of soybean sauce in soaking solution (P<0.05). Titratable acidity and NaCl concentration of all KJ increased during storage for 50 days at $10^{\circ}C$. The total bacterial count slowly increased during early storage time and reached its highest level (4.74 log CFU/g) after storage for 30 days. KJ-20 (KJ added with 20% soy sauce) showed the highest scores for taste, flavor, texture, and overall acceptability. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of KJ extract increased with increasing concentration of soybean sauce. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of KJ extract were 27.22% and 38.37% (control), 40.74% and 43.65% (KJ-10), 41.79% and 50.37% (KJ-20), 43.09% and 52.60% (KJ-30), 48.62% and 53.45% (KJ-40), and 50.85% and 60.79% (KJ-50), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2006

red 1 and acid blue 92, anionic dyes, were removed from synthetic wastewater by the surfactant-modified clay minerals. Two different clays, such as Korean clay(M78) and Japanese clay(KJ) were treated with three different sulfactants, CTMA, DSDMA and TMSA. The surfactant-modified clay minerals such as M-1(CTMA), M-3(TMSA), KJ-1(CTMA) and KJ-3(TMSA), showed high removal efficiencies with dyes, while M-2(DSDMA) and KJ-2(DSDMA) could adsorb both dyes with relatively low efficiencies. Furthermore, almost 100% absorption of both dyes onto M-1(CTMA) and KJ-3(TMSA) revealed the possibility that these materials can be used for the removal of hazardous organic dyes from wastewater.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 1995

경남지방에서 벼도열병균 race의 분포상황을 알기 위하여 1990∼1994년 5개년간 경남지역의 재배품종 잎동열병 병반에서단포자 분리하여 얻은 균주 509 균주를 사용하여 연도별 race 분포상황을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 도내에 분포한 race의 종류는 총 33종류였다. 이 중 KI 100군 race가 16종류로 연차간 분포변동이 심하였고, KI 400군 race가 6종류, KJ 100군 race가 4종류, KI 300군 race가 3종류, KJ 200군 race 2종류, race KJ-301 및 race KJ-401이 각각 1종류씩이었다. KI 및 KJ race의 분포 비율은 각각 11.5∼29.9%와 70.1∼88.5%로 KJ race의 분포밀도가 높았고 분포밀도가 높은 race는 KJ-401 및 KJ-301로 전 race의 26.7∼57.3%를 차지하였다. 지대별 race 구성 특징은 산간 지대에서는 KI race의 분포밀도가 27.3%로 해안지대 6.8%에 비해 훨씬 높았고 KJ 100군 race도 27.7%로 해안지대 11.7%보다 분포비율이 높았다. 반대로 KJ 200군 race는 해안지대가 22.0%로 산간지대 9.7%보다 아주 높았다. 조사기간중 재배된 벼품종과 race의 분포변동을 미루어 보아 race의 분포는 재배된 벼의 도열병균 race에 대한 반응형과 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2003

To improve the erythritol productivity of Penicillium sp. KJ81, mutants were obtained using UV irradiation and NTG treatment Among these mutants, Penicillium sp. KJ-UV29 revealed no morphological changes, yet was superior to the wild strain in the following three points: (1) Penicillium sp. KJ-UV29 produced more erythritol than the wild strain under the same conditions, (2) no foam was produced during cultivation, unlike the wild strain, and (3) the mutant produced a Significantly lower amount of glycerol. Penirillium sp. KJ-UV29 produced as much as 15.1 g/L of erythritol, whereas the wild-type Penirillium sp. KJ81 only produced 11.7 g/L. Penicillium sp. KJ-UV29 only generated 6.1 g/L of glycerol, compared to 19.4 g/L produced by the wild strain. When investigating the optimal culture conditions for erythritol production by the mutant strain Penicillium sp. KJ-UV89, sucrose was identified as the most effective carbon source, and the mutant was even able to produce erythritol in a 70% sucrose-containing medium, although a 30% sucrose medium exhibited the highest productivity. The production of erythritol by Penirillium sp. KJ-UV29 was also significantly increased by the addition of ammonium carbonate, potassium nitrate, and sodium nitrate. Accordingly, under optimal conditions, Penicillium sp. KJ-UV29 produced 45.2 g/L of erythritol in a medium containing 30% sucrose, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.5% (NH$_4$)$_2$C$_2$O$_4$, 0.1% KNO$_3$, 0.1% NaNO$_3$, and 0.01% FeSO$_4$ with 1 vvm aeration and 200 rpm agitation at 37$^{\circ}C$ for 7 days in a 5-L jar fermentor.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.312-320
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• 2000

Abstract The full sequence of the plasmid pKJ36, which was derived from Bifidobacterium longum KJ, was determined and analyzed to construct shuttle vectors between E. coli and Bifidobacterium. The plasmid pKJ36 was composed of 3,625 base pairs with a 65.1% G+C content. The structural organization of pKJ36 was highly similar to that of pKJ50, and the three major ORFs on pKJ36 showed high amino acid sequence homologies with those of pKJ50. The putative proteins coded by these three ORFs were designated as RepB (32.0 kDa, pI=9.25), MembB (29.0 kDa, pI=12.25), and MobB (39.0 kDa, pI=IO.66), respectively. The amino acid sequence of RepB showed a 57% identity and 70% similarity with that of the RepA protein of pKJ50. Upstream of the repB gene, the so-called iteron sequence was directly repeated four-and-ahalf times and a conserved dnaA box was identified. An amino acid sequence comparison between the MobB and MobA of pKJ50 revealed a 48% identity and 61 % similarity. A conserved oriT sequence with an inverted repeat identical to that of pKJ50 was also found upstream of the mobB gene. A hydropathy analysis of MembB revealed four possible transmembrane regions. The expressions of the repB and membB genes were confirmed by RT-PCR. The in vitro translation reaction of pKJ36 showed protein bands with anticipated sizes with respect to each putative gene product. S 1 endonuclease treatment and Southern hybridization suggested that pKJ36 replicates by a rolling circle mechanism via a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediate. A shuttle vector between E. coli and Bifidobacterium sp. was constructed using the pKJ36, pBR322, and staphylococcal chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene. The successful transformation of the Bifidobacterium strains was shown by Southern hybridization and PCR. The transformation efficiency differed from strain to strain and, depending on the electroporation conditions, with a range between $1.2{\times}10^1-2.6{\times}10^2{\;}cfu/\mu\textrm{g}$ DNA.X> DNA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.93.2-94
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• 2003

In our previous studies, we selected three antagonistic bacteria, KJ1R5, KJ2C12, and KJ9C8 against Phytophthora capsici, the casual agent of Phytophthora blight of pepper. For elucidating production, root colonization, and total microbial activity were investigated. The dual culture assay was accomplished to elucidate existence of antibiotics. In this assay, any antagonistic bacteria did not inhibit growth of six important fungal plant pathogens, suggesting that these antagonists do not produce antibiotics. root surface or rhizosphere soil colonizations were examined with spontaneous rifampicin-resistant mutants equal to antagonistic ability of wild types. KJ2C12 colonized consistently rhizosphere soil while yellowish colonies of KJ1R5 and KJ9C8 well colonized root surfaces and rhizosphere soil. Total microbial activity in pots treated with the antagonistic bacteria was measured using fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis. total microbial activity of three antagonistic bacteria treatments was significantly higher than that of buffer-treated control until 4days after treatment. However, total microbial activity of treatment of three antagonistic bacteria decreased after 7 days. These results indicate that the antagonistic bacteria, KJ1R5 and KJ9C8 colonized and protected roots well against Phytophthora blight of pepper through competition of infection courts, especially competitions.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.1 s.97
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• pp.99-106
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• 2007

This study investigated the effect of UV-B irradiation on the quality of Pleurotus ostreatus. The changes of vitamin $D_2$ contents, color value and flavor pattern in mushrooms were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), chromameter and gas chromatography - surface acoustic wave (GC-SAW) electronic nose. By exposure to UV-B irradiation (0 kj/m$^2$, 10 kj/m$^2$, 20 kj/m$^2$), vitamin $D_2$ content increased from 0 (control) to 48.50 g/g (DM: dry matter, 10 kj/m$^2$) and 61.58 g/g (DM, 20 kj/m$^2$). Although there was no significant difference in L, a, b values among the three groups, flavor changes were detected by GC-SAW electronic nose. The number of peaks increased from 10 in the control group (0 kj/m$^2$), to 14 and 15 for the 10 kj/m$^2$ and 20 kj/m$^2$ groups, respectively. Nevertheless, the changes of flavor pattern were not detrimental to the mushroom quality. These results suggested that UV-B irradiation is an effective method to increase the vitamin $D_2$ content without degrading the quality.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to analyze the recent epidemic of rice blast in southern provinces of Korea in 1999 and 2000. Incidences of leaf blast and panicle blast in these years were 1.5 and 2.9 times greater than those in 1998, respectively. Cultivation areas of rice cultivars, Daesan, Ilmi and Dongan bred from Milyang 95 as a recurrent parent increased over the country from 11% in 1998 to 38.4% in 2000, which were grown in more than 85% of total paddy fields in Jeonnam province. Predominant race populations of Pyricularia grisea in the farmers' fields had been changed from KJ-301 to KI-1117 in 1999 and KI-1113 and KJ-105 in 2000. Distribution ratio of the KI-1117 race in 1998 in the southern provinces was 1.7%, but increased to 30% in 1999. Although the cultivars Daesan, Ilmi and Dongan have shown wide spectrum of resistance to many races including KJ-301, they were susceptible to such races as KI-1117, KI-1113 and, KJ-105. These three races could be further classified into two sub-races, KI-1117 and KI-1117a, KI-1113 and Kl-1113a, and KJ-105 and KJ-105a based on virulence to Daesan. The newly classfied races, Kl-1113a, Kl-1117a, and KJ-l05a were also pathogenic to Ilmi and Dongan. This indicates that rice blast epidemic in southern provinces in 1999 and 2000 resulted from the breakdown of the resistance of Daesan, Ilmi and Dongan by the rapid increase of virulent races KI-1117, KI-1113, KJ-105 and their new sub-races.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.97.1-97
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• 2003

An antagonistic bacterium, KJ1R5,, to Phytophthora capsici was obtained from root interior of a healthy pepper plant. To identify the bacterial antagonist, 16S rDNA sequence analysis, Biolog system, fatty acid methyl-esters (FAMEs), and physiological and biochemical characterization were conducted. The determined 165 rDNA sequence of KJ1R5, showed higher similarities to those of a group consisting of several Chryseobacterium strains with 95.2, 95.2, and 95,1％ similarity to C. defluvii, Chryseobacterium sp. FR2, and C. scophthalmum, respectively, In addition, Halounella gailinarum, Bergeyella zoohelcum, and Riemerella anatipestifer are another group for KJ1R5, with 94.1, 89.7, and 87.2％ similarities, respectively When identification of the antagonistic bacterium, KJ1R5, was conducted using BIOLOG system, the strain KJ1R5, was identified as Flavobacterium tirrenicum (similarity； 0.75％). Fatty acid profiles of the strain KJ1R5, were composed mainly of iso-17：0 w9c and iso-15：0 and identified as Chryseobacterium balustinum (similarity 0.524％). KJ1R5, was Gram-negative, regular short rods ranging from 0.8 $\mu\textrm{m}$ to 1.0 $\mu\textrm{m}$ and had no flagella. Phenotypic characterization of the antagonistic bacterium indicated that KJ1R5, were included in the genus Chreseobacterium, which belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae. The strain was distinguished from these six existing species. These results indicated that strain might be placed as a new species in the genus Chryseobacterium.