• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회논문초록집
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• pp.357.2-357
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• 2002

The blast vibration can generate occupants dissatisfy as well as damage of physics nearby building. Then blast vibration estimation issue important problems. But, now blast vibration prediction inside-outside country not established objective method according to blast number to express magnitude of vibration. In this study, Our propoes show our country problem of blast vibration about blast vibration measurement and this problems be able to find improve method. (omitted)

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2016

The blast load is classified into free-air blast and surface blast following the location of explosion and surface. In this paper, several equations for blast load calculation are explained briefly and a modified equation for free-air blast load is suggested. The modified equation is based on Kingery-Bulmash equation which is used in UFC 3-340-02 and Conwep model. In this modified equation, the process of calculation is simplified against the original equation, and the number of coefficients is reduced under 5. As a result, each parameter of estimated data by modified equation has less than 1% of error range comparing with Kingery-Bulmash equation.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2006

Pattern finding is one of the important tasks in a protein or DNA sequence analysis. Alignment is the widely used technique for finding patterns in sequence analysis. BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) is one of the most popularly used tools in bio-informatics to explore available DNA or protein sequence databases. BLAST may generate a huge output for a large sequence data that contains various sequence patterns. However, BLAST does not provide a tool to summarize and analyze the patterns or matched alignments in the BLAST output file. BLAST lacks of general and robust parsing tools to extract the essential information out from its output. This paper presents a pattern summary system which is a powerful and comprehensive tool for discovering pattern structures in huge amount of sequence data in the BLAST. The pattern summary system can identify clusters of patterns, extract the cluster pattern sequences from the subject database of BLAST, and display the clusters graphically to show the distribution of clusters in the subject database.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2010

This study investigates how to apply composite material to the blast loading protection devices, mainly used for military purpose. Traditionally, earth-filled blast walls have been used for protecting important parts of military facilities and personnels. However these types of blast walls show difficulty in fabrication and portability because of their nature of heavy weight. Composite materials are known to have relatively higher specific stiffness and strength than any other metallic and earth-filled materials such as sand and gravels. Totally 4 times of TNT blast experiments were performed on the carbon/epoxy blast walls. After the end of each test, the improvement of blast wall was implemented to the structure. The test results show that the use of composite material in the blast protecting area is the one of very effective and reliable alternatives.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.402-405
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• 2005

We have previously identified genes for four different protease inhibitors (PIs) that were induced upon rice blast infection in a rice blast resistant mutant SHM-11. Our expression analysis of the PIs indicated that induction of the PIs was the highest 24 hr after rice blast inoculation in the rice mutant SHM-11. Three PIs in the group of serine PIs were highly expressed while a cystein PI was weakly expressed upon rice blast inoculation. Four PIs were weakly induced 48 hr after pathogen inoculation in rice blast susceptible wild type rice plant. The simultaneous expression of three serine PIs was apparent from SHM-11 and two of them were induced in rice blast resistant Taebaegbyeo. One of them was induced in rice blast resistant Hwayeongbyeo while none of them were expressed in rice blast susceptible Nagdongbyeo and rice blast resistant Dongjinbyeo. Our results suggest that the expression of PI gene is rice cultivar specific and may be linked with the rice blast resistance in a specific rice mutant by the simultaneous expression of the PI genes.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to design a model with the structural stability so as not to lose the operational function due to structural plastic or fail of a sliding blast door by blast pressure to this aim, a numerical simulation was performed using full-size experiments and M&S (Modeling & Simulation) of the sliding blast door. The sliding blast door ($W3,000{\times}H2,500mm$) under the blast load is in the form of a sliding type 2-way metal grill, which was applied by a design blast pressure (reflected pressure $P_r$) of 17 bar. According to the experimental results of a real sliding blast door under blast load, the blast pressure reached the sliding blast door approximately 4.3 ms after the explosion and lasted about 4.0 ms thereafter. The maximum blast pressure($P_r$) was 347.7 psi (2,397.3 kPa), it is similar to the UFC 3-340-02 of Parameter(91 %). In addition, operation inspection that was conducted for the sliding blast door after real test showed a problem of losing the door opening function, which was because of the fail of the Reversal Bolt that was installed to prevent the shock due to rebound of the blast door from the blast pressure. According to the reproduction of the experiment through M&S by applying the blast pressure measurement value of the full-size experiments, the sliding blast door showed a similar result to the full-size experiment in that the reversal bolt part failed to lose the function. In addition, as the pressure is concentrated on the failed reversal bolt, the Principal Tensile Failure Stress was exceeded in only 1.25 ms after the explosion, and the reversal bolt completely failed after 5.4 ms. Based on the result of the failed reversal bolt through the full-size experiment and M&S, the shape and size of the bolts were changed to re-design the M&S and re-analyze the sliding blast door. According to the M&S re-analysis result when the reversal bolt was designed in a square of 25 mm ($625mm^2$), the maximum pressure that the reversal bolt receives showed 81% of the principal tensile failure stress of the material, in plastic stage before fail.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.449-463
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• 2012

For buildings subjected to blast loading, structural failure can be categorized into local failure (direct blast effects) and progressive collapse (consequential effects). In direct blast effects, the intensive blast pressures create localized failure of structural elements such as exterior columns and walls. Columns, and their behaviour, play a key role in these situations. Therefore investigating the behaviour of columns under blast loading is very important to estimate the strength, safety and reliability of the whole structure. When a building is subjected to blast loading, it experiences huge loading pressures and undergoes great displacement and plastic behaviour. In order to study the behaviour of an element under blast loading, in addition to elastic properties of materials, plastic and elastic-plastic properties of materials and sections are needed. In this paper, using analytical studies and nonlinear time-history analysis by Ansys software, the effects of shape of column sections and boundary conditions, on behaviour and local failure of steel columns under blast load are studied. This study identifies the importance of elastic-plastic properties of sections and proposes criteria for choosing the best section and boundary conditions for columns to resist blast loading.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 V-BLAST (Vertical-Bell-lab Layered Space Time) 복호 알고리즘의 ordering과 slicing 과정에 MAP(Maximum A Posteriori) 디코더의 외부 정보 (extrinsic information)를 이용한 최적의 터보 부호화된 (Optimal Turbo Coded) V-BLAST 적응 변조 시스템을 제안 후 성능을 관찰한다. 외부정보는 ordering과 slicing에 사전 확률 (a priori probability) 로서 사용되며 시스템 복호 과정은 주 반복 (Main Iteration) 및 부 반복 (Sub Iteration) 과정으로 이루어진다. 채널 상태에 따라 변조 방식을 달리하는 적응 변조 시스템을 기존의 터보 부호화 (Turbo Coding) 된 V-BLAST 시스템과 최적의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 시스템에 각각 적용하고 전송률 (throughput) 을 비교하여 제안된 시스템을 적용할 경우 어느 정도의 성능 개선이 있는가를 살펴본다. 또한, 제안된 시스템에 선택적 전송 다이버시티 (STD : Selection Transmit Diversity) 기법을 적용한 후 성능의 향상을 관찰한다. 모의 실험결과, 적응 변조 시스템에서 최적의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 기법을 적용한 경우가 기존의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 기법을 적용한 경우에 비하여 11 dB의 SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) 영역에서 최대 약 350 kbps의 전송률 향상이 나타났다. 특히, 제안된 시스템에 선택적 전송 다이버시티가 적용된 경우에는 송수신 안테나가 각각 2개인 기존의 터보 부호화된 V-BLAST 기법을 적용한 시스템의 경우에 비하여 같은 SNR 영역에서 최대 약 1.77 Mbps의 전송률이 개선됨을 보였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.112-112
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• 2017

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most serious diseases that affect the quantity and quality of rice production. The use of resistant rice varieties would be the most effective way to control the rice blast. However R gene incorporation into the rice variety takes time and pathogen could overcome the R gene effects after for a while. For monitoring the rice blast resistance gene distribution in Korean varieties, the four major blast resistance genes against M. oryzae were screened in a number of Korean rice varieties using molecular markers. Of the 120 rice varieties tested, 40 were found to contain the Pi-5 gene, 25 for the Pi-9 gene, 79 for Pi-b and 40 for the Pi-ta gene. None of these rice varieties includes tested 4 R genes. 3 R genes combination, Pi-5/Pi-9/Pi-b, Pi-5, Pi-9.Pi-ta, or Pi-9/Pi-b/Pi-ta were found in 12 varieties, the rice blast disease severity were showed as resistant in the rice verities containing Pi-9/Pi-b/Pi-ta R genes combination, respectively. Also pathogenic diversity of M. oryzae isolates collected in the rice field from 2004 to 2015 in rice field in Korea were analyzed using rice blast monogenic lines, each harboring a single blast resistance gene. Compatibility of blast isolates against rice blast monogenic lines carrying the resistance genes Pi5, Pi9, Pib, and Piz showed dynamic changes by year. It indicates that pathogen has high evolutionary potential adapted host resistances to increase fitness and would lead to rice blast resistance bred into the cultivar becoming ineffective eventually.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.429-455
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• 2010

The current research presents a detailed methodology for generating air blast loading for use within a finite element context. Parameters describing blast overpressure loading on a structure are drawn from open literature sources and incorporated within a blast load generation computer code developed for this research. This open literature approach lends transparency to the details of the blast load modeling, as compared with many commonly used approaches to blast load generation, for which the details are not publicly available. As a demonstration, the load generation code is used with the finite element software LS-DYNA to simulate the response of a steel plate and girder subjected to explosions modeled using these parameters as well as blast parameters from other sources.