• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.244-249
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding dietary mugwort on the beef quality during 14 month(from 14 month to 27 month) with 32 heads of fattening Hanwoo. Fattening Hanwoos were randomly allotted 4 treatments(8 heads/treatment): C-1[(control(0%) of Hanwoo steers)], C-2[(control(0%) of Hanwoo heifers)], T-1(supplemented with mugwort powder 2.0% of Hanwoo steers), T-2(supplemented with mugwort powder 2.0% of Hanwoo heifers). The shear force value and water holding capacity(WHC) of longissimus muscle were the highest in T-1($3.20kg/0.5inch^2$, 54.32%) and cookingloss was in C-2(22.22%) than the others(p<0.05). However, panel test scores of juiciness, tenderness and flavor of longissimus muscle were the highest for T-1(5.20-5.50 point) between the treatment group. The total catechin and epicatechen in longissimus muscle were higher in treatment group(0.43-046 mg/kg, 0.056-0.065 mg/kg) than control group(0.23-0.25 mg/kg, 0.031-0.032 mg/kg)(p<0.05). The content of total fatty acid in longissimus muscle were oleic acid(48.45-47.56%), palmitic acid(29.67-28.86%), stearic acid(9.92-10.82%), palmitoleic acid and myristic acid(4.68-5.49%, 2.48-3.89%) of range. In conclusion, the effects of feeding dietary mugwort of Hanwoo steer were improved the quality beef with highly panel test scores(juiciness, tenderness, flavor) and physical-chemical characteristics(shear force value, WHC).

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the sensory properties of chicken meat products, such as color, flavor, tenderness, juiciness, taste, and so on, in multi-cultural families. Questionnaires were collected from multi-cultural families, for a total of 80 consumers. H-4, which contained 80.2% chicken meat ham out of the 5 hams was shown to score 7.00 of 10 points on the Likert scale compared to the others products (P<0.05). Loyalty purchasing of chicken ham showed the middle level, 6.50 points (P<0.05). Preferences for color, flavor, tenderness, juiciness and taste of chicken breast ham in South East-Asia showed higher values than those in Korea and Vietnam (P<0.05). The preferences of dakgalbi for sensory properties among multi-cultural families did not show significant differences. The color preferences of chicken mixed press ham showed higher values in South East-Asia than those in Vietnam (P<0.05). The purchase intension of chicken press ham after manufacturing was the highest, 4.12 points, for chicken meat products.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.287-292
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of ageing time on the meat quality and sensory characteristics of longissimus muscle in Jeju horses. Twenty four horses were slaughtered after 16hr fasting. Longissimus muscle was separated from the left half of the carcass after 24hr chilling. The muscle was sliced into 3cm-thick steaks for analysis. Steaks were vacuum packaged and aged at around 4℃ for 1, 3, 7, 12, 18 and 25 days respectively. Longissimus muscle pH was not influenced by ageing (P>0.05). But shear force values of the muscle decreased during ageing time (P<0.05). Water holding capacity, color characteristics, cooking loss and purge loss considerably increased as the ageing time increased (P<0.05). Also ageing had a very important effect on flavor, juiciness, tenderness and palatability characteristics (P<0.05) evaluated by the panel. Flavor and palatability were the most acceptable when the ageing time was 7 days, whereas, juiciness was 12 days. These results suggest that ageing improves the quality of horsemeat by increasing the meat tenderness, water holding capacity and sensory characteristics. Therefore Jeju horse meat need 7-12 days ageing period to obtain an optimum acceptance.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2005

Effects of persimmon peel powder on physico-chemical properties in 60 pigs was investigated. The pigs were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatments: 1) Control (commercial feed) 2) T1 (commercial feed supplemented with 1% persimmon peel powder) 3) T2 (commercial feed supplemented with 3% persimmon peel powder) 4) T3 (commercial feed supplemented with 5% persimmon peel powder). In proximate composition, moisture of pork from treatment groups were decreased by addition level increased than that of control but crude fat was increased (p<0.05). Crude protein and crude ash was no significantly difference. The total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride of treatment groups was higher than that of control.. LDL-cholesterol of control was higher than that of treatment groups. The WHC (water holding capacity) of control was higher than treatment groups and shear value was higher in treatments group (p<0.05). pH was not significantly different between control and treatment groups. The hardness, juiciness and flavor of sensory evaluation were improved by treatments, especially in T3 (p<0.05). The meat color of treatment group showed whiter and redder than that of control owing to higher L/sup */, a/sup */ and b/sup */ value. In fatty acids, stearic acid contents of treatment groups were higher than that of control. The unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio of the control, T1 T2 and T3 were 1.78, 1.71. 1.69 and 1.66, respectively and control had higher than the treatment groups. The hardness, juiciness and flavor of sensory evaluation were improved by treatments, especially in T3 (p<0.05).

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.287-293
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of quality grade on the physicochemical and sensory properties of Hanwoo beef on the basis of four quality grades (grade $1^{{+}{+}}$, $1^{+}$, 1, and 2). Significantly decreased levels of myoglobin content (from 12.73 mg/g to 7.90 mg/g) and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBs) (from 28.01 kg to 14.03 kg) were found with reduction in quality grade (p<0.05). In contrast, increasing quality grade correlated with significant increase in crude fat contents (from 8.18% to 19.55%). Crude fat contents showed a negative correlation with moisture content (r=-0.966), myoglobin content (r=-0.998), and WBs (r=-0.969). In sensory evaluation experiments it was revealed that quality grades were associated with significantly altered (all p<0.05) flavor, taste, juiciness, tenderness, and overall acceptability. Moisture contents showed negative correlation with taste (r=-0.969) and overall acceptability (r=-0.988). Crude fat contents showed significant correlation with taste (r=0.971), tenderness (r=0.983) and overall acceptability (r=0.968). WBs showed negative correlation with taste (r=-0.957) and overall acceptability (-0.978). The marbling score of fresh meat showed significant correlation with taste (r=0.958), juiciness (r=0.953), and overall acceptance of cooked meat. These results could be used as a fundamental dataset to evaluate the effect of quality grade on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Hanwoo beef.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.182-187
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• 2003

Quality attributes of reconstructed pork patties with ISP were evaluated. Reconstructed pork patties with 30% meat plus ISP and 50% meat plus had significantly less cooking loss and dimensional changes than control. Sensory evaluation revealed patties with 30 or 50% meat had higher hardness and juiciness than control, patties with ISP, and patties with direct addition of ISP. Objective elasticities of patties with 30 or 50 % meat were high, whereas patties without ISP had higher values of hardness, gumminess, and chewiness. Color of patties with 30 or 50% meat were different from that of control. These result show addition of ISP to meat emulsion for pork patties markedly improved cooking loss, dimensional changes, hardness, and juiciness. When pork patties and cutlets prepared according to meat (30%) formula were frozen, cooking loss was significantly higher in slow-frozen patties, but freezing rate did not affect dimensional changes of patties and cutlets. Slow-frozen patties had higher hardness, but other textural properties were affected by the freezing rate. Quality of pork cutlets was not significantly changed by the freezing rate.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1989

These experiments were carried out to study the factors affecting quality and textural characteristics in the preparation of artificial gluten meat (AGM). Effects of heating temperature and heating time on properties of AGM and sensory evaluation were summarized as follows: 1. In heating temperature and heating time, the samples cooked at $120^{\circ}C$ more approached to raw beef than samples cooked at $100^{\circ}C$ in L Values. The samples were not affected significantly by heating time, but the sample cooked at $120^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes rather approached to raw beef on textural properties. 2. Results of sensory evaluation. (1) Sensory panelists liked the sample that contained 30% of walnut, 100% of water, and cooked at $120^{\circ}C$ of heating for 20 minutes, because the sample showed the best color, springiness and chewiness on those conditions. (2) Different formulas of walnut and oil in AGM showed significantly in color and juiciness, and then they liked the sample containing 30% of walnut and 10% of oil. (3) Different formulas of oil and water showed significantly in hardness, juiciness and shear force, and then they liked the sample containing 10% of oil and 100% of water.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1131-1143
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the drying yield, meat quality, oxidation stability and sensory properties of Hanwoo beef loin subjected to different dry-aging conditions. A total of 54 Hanwoo beef loins (bone-in, $6^{th}-13^{th}$ ribs) with fat cover at 2 d postmortem were assigned to four groups and hung in a dry-aging room at a controlled temperature ($2^{\circ}C-4^{\circ}C$), humidity (65%-85%) and air velocity (3 m/s). Four treatment conditions were tested; the respective temperature, humidity and treatment duration are as follows: T1, $2^{\circ}C$, 85%, 60 d; T2, $2^{\circ}C$, 65%, $20d+2^{\circ}C$, 75%, $20d+4^{\circ}C$, 85%, 20 d; T3, $2^{\circ}C$, 75%, $20d+4^{\circ}C$, 85%, 40 d; T4, $4^{\circ}C$, 85%, 60 d. The drying yield, total aerobic counts and fat contents increased, whereas the moisture content, meat color (CIE $L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$), and Warner-Bratzler shear force values decreased significantly during the aging period for all treatments (p<0.05). The cooking loss (%) did not change significantly until 40 d, and it was significantly higher in T1 and T4 than in T2 and T3 at 60 d (p<0.05). The water-holding capacity, pH and lipid oxidation [thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values] increased during aging (p<0.05). The sensory scores for tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall acceptability of dry-aged loin muscles increased as the aging period increased. T2 and T3 had significantly higher sensory scores and T1 had significantly lower scores for tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall acceptability at 20, 40, and 60 d for loin muscles (p<0.05).

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.970-980
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• 2018

We evaluated the effects of pre-cooking methods on the quality of reheated marinated pork loin. Frozen marinated pork loins cooked using various methods (boiling, grilling, pan frying, infrared cooking, and superheated steam cooking) were reheated in a microwave, and their pH, color, cooking loss, re-heating loss, total loss, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value, sensory properties, and shear force were determined. Although all parameters varied with different cooking methods, lightness values and TBARS values showed the tendency to decrease and increase, respectively, after reheating. Superheated steam-cooked samples showed the lowest values of cooking loss, total loss, TBARS value, and shear force (p<0.05) and the highest lightness, redness, and yellowssness values and juiciness, chewiness, and overall acceptability scores (p<0.05). These results show that pre-cooking with superheated steam maintains the quality characteristics of marinated pork loin upon reheating. Therefore, pre-cooking with superheated steam may be beneficial for the commercial distribution of frozen cooked marinated pork loin.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.580-584
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• 1998

Tenderization of beef by the addition of barks(Morus alba Linne) and its sensory properties were observed by shearing test, cooking loss, pH, protein content and sensory evaluation. Shear force was decreased as the addition level of barks (Morus alba Linne) increased. Tenderization effect of beef was increased 8,8% at the addition level of 2.5%, 25% at 5.0%, 4.7% at 7.5%, 58% at 10% barks(Morus alba Linne). Cooking loss was observed 44.50% at the no addition, 45.3% at 2.5%, 45.8% at 5.0%, 47.5% at 7.5%, 50.0% at 10% addition level of barks (Morus alba Linne). As the addition level of barks(Morus alba Linne) increased pH of cooked beef decreased to the range of 5.6 to 5.46. As the addition level of barks (Morus alba Linne) increaed protein content of beef decreased whereas protein content of cooled liquor increased. The addition of barks(Morus alba Linne) improved the sensory quality of cooked beef. Especially, tenderness scored the highest value in 10% added beef and other quality factors color, flavor, juiciness and overall quality were evaluated significantly high in 5% added beef. Therefore 5% addition level of barks(Morus alba Linne) for cooking beef was suggested as the desirable level of addition.