• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.613-630
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• 2004

Conciliation is one of the most effective ADR(alternative dispute resolution) which takes the place of civil procedure. It is achieved with disputants' independent will. The disputants negotiate each other, and make peaceful settlement. If a compromise is effected between the two, it regards the compromise as a judgement of the Supreme Court. This effect on the conciliation is afford a basis for the private autonomies. But nowadays, the practical use of the private autonomies is not thoroughgoing enough in our country. It is a matter of no uncommon occurrence for the member of a conciliation commission to form a conclusion about the dispute and to persuade the disputants to accept the conclusion. Even the judges have a tendency to conduct a conciliation like civil procedure. Under these circumstances, it's harsh to the disputants that a compromise in the conciliation has an effect like the judgement of the Supreme Court. So you should reconsider carefully the role or service of a conciliation commission. The role of a conciliation commission must be to guarantee an atmosphere of freedom, and for disputants to negotiate without restraint. So the members of a conciliation commission should make an offer the disputants the information on the members and proceedings of the conciliation. It will make the disputants have a firm belief that the members are fair and conciliation will be progressed in a fair. Moreover they have to notify the disputants of the estimated norms which is concerned in the dispute, too. It will facilitate the negotiation and compromise, and will justify claim preclusion(res judicata) which is based on Korean Civil Conciliation Law(Article 29) says that conciliation has the full force and effect of a civil judgement of the Supreme Court.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.3-24
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• 2009

This article discusses the validity of selective/unilateral arbitration agreement that provides arbitration as one of several dispute resolution methods. The Supreme Court has held selective/unilateral arbitration agreement that is conditional invalidity since the judgement of 2003Da318 decided on Aug. 22, 2003: In the following judgements of 2004Da42166 decided on Nov. 11, 2004 and 2005Da12452 decided on May 27, 2005, the Court stated that the selective/unilateral arbitration agreement that stipulates to resolve a dispute through arbitration or mediation would be valid as an effective arbitration agreement only if a party elects and proceeds an arbitration proceeding and another party responses to the arbitration proceeding without any objection. The definition of arbitration agreement, the formation of selective/unilateral arbitration agreement, the summary of relative judgements and academic theories will be reviewed in order to examine the appropriateness of the series of judgements of the Supreme Court. Based on such reviews, this article will investigate the adequacy of the Supreme Court judgements from the perspectives of i) the principle of party autonomy, ii) the structure of dispute resolution methods, iii) legal provisions of Arbitration Act, iv) legal stability, and v) the policy to revitalize the use of arbitration. At conclusion, this article will suggest the change of precedents of the Supreme Court's judgements with regard to the selective arbitral agreement.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2002

For the first Maritime Accident Inquiry System in Korea, Central Marine Accidents Inquiry Committee were founded in Seoul and District Marine Accidents Inquiry Committee in Busan city In 1963 to determine the circumstances of the accidents and causes. At the present day, it was settled as Maritime Safety Tribunal tough several revision of the Law and regulations regarding the Maritime Accident Inquiry System. In Korea, there occurred about m cases of marine accident, and as a result, about 200 people were lost human lives in average per year. In accordance with the change of circumstances such as traffic increasing and being bigger in size, being faster in speed, etc., the causes of the marine accidents become complicated year by year. Accordingly, in this moment, it is meaningful that the introduction of the Research Official who assists the Judges probing the cases fair and square. In this Paper, with the consideration of the several kinds of Research Official System, such as the Research Official of the Korean Supreme Court, the Supreme Public Prosecutors' Office and the Constitutional Court, Japanese Supreme Court, Law Clerk in USA, etc., the selection, numbers, duty of the Research Official were studied. The results of the study are as follows; 1. The Research Official to be appointed among the person having long enough career as a Judge, Investigator engaged in the Maritime Safety Tribunal due to he sho띨d have capability to confirm perfectly logical judgement and to collect enough material for the conclusion of the causes of the case. The one who understands the foreign language is preferred for the study of the foreign cases; 2. It will be logical to post 3 joint Research Officials in Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal in Seoul after due consideration the cases treated a year; 3. It will be logical for the Research Official to perform the collection of material and inspection of the scene for the trial and inquiry of the cases, to attend the cases filed suit to the Supreme Court, to make commentarial papers regarding the judged cases, to collect statistics of marine accidents and to devise a reform measure through in-depth analysis of the accidents frequently occurred, to study for the improvement of the Maritime Accident Inquiry System;

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.213-244
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• 2004

This article studied on international trade dispute of enforcement procedure of foreign arbitral awards at Korean Supreme Court, which is especially related to New York Convention article 5, The key points of most enforcement procedure were about public policy according New York Convention article 5, 2, b and New York Convention article 5, 1. Particularly, Judgement of public policy from Supreme Court represented that the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral award is to present and protect basic moral conviction and social order from spoiling, and not only domestic situation but also international stability of transaction should be taken into consideration in judging on recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral award, which is construed under certain limitation. In this point, you should be understand the concept on refusal reasons in enforcing of foreign arbitral awards

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.255-275
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• 2013

본 연구는 신용장 서류심사의 일치성 판단기준에 대해 우리나라 대법원의 실무적 판례를 중심으로 고찰하고자 한다. 대법원의 서류심사의 일치성 판단기준은 엄격일치의 원칙이 지지되고 있다. 그리고 대법원이 서류심사에서 그 판단이 구체적인 경우는 신용장과의 차이가 국제적 표준은행관행에 비추어 용인될 수 있는가의 여부를 따른다. 이 경우 대법원은 국제표준은행관행으로 국제상업회의소(ICC)의견이나 결정을 참고하기도 하고, ICC의 의견이나 결정이 없는 경우는 국제표준은행관행을 탐구하여 인정하기도 할 것이다. 그러나 은행 서류심사자들이 서류심사를 할 경우 고도의 높은 식견과 지식이 없으므로 짧은 시간에 이를 찾아 판단하는 것이 지극히 어려운 일이 될 것이다. 본 연구의 사례에서 보듯이 신용장의 엄격일치의 원칙은 계속 완화되어 가고, 최근의 판례는 거의 대부분 엄격일치의 예외로 판시하고 있다. 그러므로 은행 서류심사자들은 이와 같은 일치성판단이 어렵기 때문에 자의적 서류심사행위를 하는 것이 불가피하게 될 것이다. 그 결과 은행과 개설의뢰인은 서류상의 엄격성을 확보하는 것이 어렵게 되고, 국제거래에서 신용장의 자유로운 사용을 기피하게 될 것이다. 따라서 은행실무자의 신용장 서류심사의 일치성 판단기준에 대한 다양한 실무적 적용에 본 연구가 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 복식
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• 제29권
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• pp.171-182
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• 1996

This thesis is concerned with the study of the court attire the typical attire of the ju-dicial world in a point of time that more than 100 years have passed since the introduction of the modern judical system. In recognition of the fact that compiled data of the official uni-form or attire in Korea are insufficient this study placed its signification on the provision of information with focus on attire. As a result of studying court attire in Korea the conclusion was made as follows: Firstly Official attires in Yi Dynasty were divided by wearing embroidered insignia on the breast and the back of an official robe ac-cordint to court rank as well as by wearing Sa-mo in wadded clothes of Dan-ryeong and attaching all sorts of appurtenances including bands and shoes The Minister of Justice was equipped with Ho-pyo Dae-sa-heon equipped with Hae-chi the mayor of Seoul equipped with Un-an In the era of the Kng Young-jo the minister of Justice had no change in its of-ficial robe but the mayer(Pan-yun) of Seoul (Han-sung-bu) had Un-an(wild geese in clouds) changed into Un-hak In the King Ko-jog era the minister of Justice had Ho-pyo changed into Ssang-ho and the mayor of Seoul had Un-hak changed into Ssng-hak on embroideved insignia on the breast and back of an official robe. Laws and regulations concerning court attire began with the In-judgement Full-dress Uni-form Requlation for official-level Clerical Staff below the ordinary staff the Issue No. 14 of the Royal Ordinance in 1906 provided as $\ulcorner$the matter cincerning the Dress Regulation of the Tribunal staff of the Cho-sun Government-General$\lrcorner$the Issue No. 222 of the Royal Ordi-nance in 1911 and changed into$\ulcorner$the Regu-lation on the Dress of Judge Prosecutor At-torney and Law Count Clerk$\lrcorner$the Issue No. 12 of the Supreme Court Rule in 1953 affter the establishment of Korean Government since emancipation from the Japanese rule and into $\ulcorner$the Regulation concerning the Court Attire of Judge and law Court Clerical Staff$\lrcorner$the Issue No. 516 of the Supreme Court Rule in 1966. The judicial system in Korea is the system introduced from the foreign country rather than autogenously developed. And it came to pass through the Japanese colonial period it the beginning that it took root in Korea n was not stabilized in harmony with our native tradition. Accordingly the attare regulation in the judicial system took root in our society by accepting the Japanese attire regulation as it was and judical officials have come to wear the count attire similar to that of the Japanese imperialist era due to its influence though Korean independent goverment was established together with liberation form the Japanese rule. The more regrettable thing is that the current court attire has maintained the form greatly influenced by the U. S. court attire. Fortunately as the judicial circles have recently raised their voices for change in the court attire it has been told that the forma-tion of a meeting for a new court attire has been under way. The birth of the court attire into Which our tradition is sublimated is expected. This study end up with thinking that the must Korean thing is the most global thing in this era that people in the world are clamoring for globalization.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.45-79
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• 2018

항공기나 군용기의 운용이 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라, 공항이나 비행장 인근 주민들이 항공기 운항으로 인한 소음 진동 등을 이유로 손해배상을 청구하거나 비행을 금지하는 경우가 점차 늘어나고 있다. 최근에는 원고는 토지의 소유권에 터 잡아 피고를 상대로 토지의 상공을 헬기의 이 착륙 항로로 사용하는 행위의 금지를 구하는 소를 제기하였고, 대전고등법원에서 청구를 인용한 사례가 있다. 비록 위 판결은 대법원에서 파기되었지만, 비행금지청구에 관한 논의가 필요하다. 일본에서는 공항소음소송이 환경단체를 중심으로 오래 전부터 제기되어 왔는데, 소음피해로 인한 손해배상을 인정하는 경우와 달리 비행금지청구를 인용한 판결은 2014. 5. 21. 요코하마 지방재판소에서 처음 선고되었다. 위 판결은 항소심에서 일부 변경되어 원고의 청구가 일부 인용되었으나. 최고재판소에서 파기 환송되었다. 아쓰기(厚木) 기지는 미국과 일본이 공동으로 사용하는 기지인데, 인근주민들은 아쓰기 기지에 이착륙하는 항공기에서 발생하는 소음에 의해 신체적 피해 및 수면방해, 생활방해 등의 정신적 피해를 받고 있다고 주장하면서, 방위청장관이 소속되어 있는 국가에 대하여 자위대기 및 미군기의 운항금지 등을 요구하는 행정소송을 요코하마 지방재판소에 제기하였다. 제1심은 "부득이하다고 인정하는 경우를 제외하고"라는 제한을 부과하여 매일 오후 10시부터 다음날 오전 6시까지 자위대기의 비행을 금지하는 판결을 선고하였고, 위와 같은 결론은 항소심에서도 유지되었다. 그러나 최고재판소는 자위대기의 비행금지청구를 인용한 원심판결을 파기하고, 그 부분에 해당하는 제1심 판결을 취소하였으며, 원고들의 청구를 기각하였다. 최고재판소는 자위대기의 운항은 고도의 공공성이 인정되고, 소음피해는 경시할 수 없으나 상응하는 대책을 강구할 수 있으므로, 방위청장관의 권한행사는 타당하다고 판시하였다. 우리나라에서도 군용기지 인근주민들이 미국이나 대한민국 또는 국방부장관을 상대로 군용기 비행금지를 구하는 소를 제기할 수 있다. 만약 군용기지 부근의 주민들이 미국정부를 상대로 미군기 비행금지를 청구하는 소를 제기하면, 법원은 재판권면제를 이유로 소장각하명령을 하여야 한다. 현행 판례 법리에 따르면, 국방부장관을 상대로 군용기의 비행금지를 청구하는 의무이행소송이나 무명항고소송은 허용되지 아니하므로, 그러한 소는 부적법하다. 다만, 행정소송법이 개정되어 의무이행소송이 도입된다면 소제기는 적법하게 될 수 있다. 군용기 운항에 관한 행정처분이 위법하다고 판단하기 위해서는 청구가 허용될 경우 인근주민이 받을 이익과 상대방 및 제3자가 받게 될 불이익 등을 비교 형량해 보아야 한다. 국방부장관으로서는 군용기의 운항으로 인한 이익(초계임무나 대잠활동 등 국방상 필요, 항공정보의 획득 제공, 재해파견 등 민생협력 활동, 해적대처 등 국제공헌, 교육 훈련 등)이 인근주민이 군용기 비행금지로 인하여 얻는 이익보다 훨씬 크다는 점을 주장 증명할 필요가 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2021

Objectives: There was a judgment of acquittal for the manufacturer SK Chemical and the vendor Aekyung regarding humidifier disinfectant (HD) containing 5-chloro-2-methylisothiazol-3(2H)-one/2-methylisothiazol-3(2H)-one (CMIT/MIT). The rationale used in this judgement is discussed here in the light of scientific consideration. Methods: The sentencing document for the judgements was obtained from the Korea Supreme Court Service. In particular, the judgements made by the court related to the risk of HD and external and internal exposure to CMIT/MIT are discussed based on scientific evidence. Results: Rendering a determination in a criminal trial of insufficient evidence of causation, the court dismissed the prosecution's motion that humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injuries (HDLI) and asthma were associated with the utilization of these products. However, CMIT/MIT, a strong sensitizing and corrosive substance, has been reported to be associated with brain toxicity, allergic contact dermatitis, and asthma. Furthermore, the judgment did not consider total consumption amounts or the cumulative dose of CMIT/MIT in the humidifier. Lastly, there are several cases supporting the fact that exposure to water-soluble substances including CMIT/MIT can cause lower respiratory tract diseases. In addition to cases of asthma among the workers exposed to CMIT/MIT, we identified lung injury victims who were exposed to HDs exclusively containing CMIT/MIT. Conclusions: We conclude that there is sufficient evidence supporting the assertion that HDs containing CMIT/MIT cause lung injuries, including asthma, contrary to the court's judgement.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2016년도 제54차 하계학술대회논문집 24권2호
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• pp.141-143
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• 2016

2016년 5월 19일 대법원은 전원합의체판결에서 부동산 매수자가 본인 명의로 소유권이전등기를 하지 않고 등기를 매도인에게서 직접 명의수탁자로 이전하는 제3자간 명의신탁(중간생략등기형 명의신탁)의 경우 명의수탁자가 신탁부동산을 임의로 처분하여도 형사처벌를 할 수 없다는 판결을 하였다. 본 논문에서는 민법과 형법의 교차영역인 명의신탁에서 민사사건의 형사화를 지양했다는 점에서 긍정적인 평가를 하지만 이에 따른 관련법의 정비를 통한 법개정을 제안한다. 즉, 명의신탁에 관한 법제 간 모순을 극복하기 위해 '부동산 실권리자명의 등기에 관한 법률'의 개정이 요구된다. 또한 부동산소유자가 그 등기명의를 타인에게 신탁하기로 하는 명의신탁약정을 맺고 그 등기명의를 명의수탁자에게 이전하는 소위 2자간 명의신탁의 경우도 비범죄화를 함으로써 법체계의 논리성과 통일성을 확보할 필요가 있다.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify what research ethics issues are related to chemical incidents at the level of national disasters in Korea, and then to secure clear research ethics to prevent similar incidents from recurring. Research design, data and methodology: The study design was a case study of the humidifier disinfectant disaster in Korea. The humidifier disinfectant incident is a worldwide issue that has never occurred in the world. The main cause of the humidifier disinfectant incident that occurred only in Korea was the toxicity of the humidifier disinfectant contained in the humidifier spray. In this regard, research ethics will be derived through related laws and systems, research ethics status, incident damage and compensation, prosecution's investigation status, and the final precedent of the Supreme Court. Results: Although the lack of laws and systems of government departments related to humidifiers is important in the research results, the violation of ethics regulations by researchers during research experiments has become a decisive problem. Conclusions: In conclusion, the most important thing is that the research bioethics of researchers at the forefront should take precedence over any other values, especially during experiments and research related to public health.