• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.153-166
• /
• 2007

The job of dental hygienists is specialized, and they have to be capable of performing their primary duties including prevention of oral diseases, oral prophylaxis, and oral health education. To ensure their successful job performance, dentists should have an accurate understanding of their duties and need a change of mind-set about them. And there should be written legal and concrete regulations on the coverage of their work in order to let them boost their job performance with pride and a sense of responsibility. The purpose of this study was to examine the actual roles and job performance of dental hygienists in clinical field in an attempt to discuss the substantial job performance of dental hygienists and their job enlargement. It's basically meant to help enhance the efficiency and quality of medical services. The subjects in this study were 471 dental hygienists in dental clinics, dental hospitals, university hospitals and general hospitals across the nation, on whom a survey was conducted in person from March 2 to 25, 2005. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS Win 12.0 program, and the findings of the study were as follows: 1. The major jobs they currently performed included oral health education, hospital management, simple duties, extensive dental hygiene duties and joint treatment assistance. They hoped to continue to be responsible for oral health education, preventive treatment and extensive dental hygiene duties. 2. As for their current job by age, extensive dental hygiene duties, preventive treatment, joint treatment assistance, preserving treatment, prosthetic treatment and pediatric treatment were most conducted by the dental hygienists who were at the age of 26 to less than 31, and those who were at the age of 31 and up were most responsible for hospital management and simple duties. 3. As to job awareness by workplace, their workload was statistically significantly different according to their workplace. The hospital employees took care of more work than those in clinics. 4. Concerning job awareness by age, the younger dental hygienists suffered more role conflicts and were given a less free hand in work handling, the middle-aged group's job was uncertain. Legal regulations about the coverage of their work should be prepared in detail as a measure to stir up their responsible job performance and pride. In order to take advantage of experienced dental hygienists, their duties should be more differentiated and specialized, and their working conditions should be improved to boost their job satisfaction. That is, they should be given ample chances for promotion and serving as a middle manager and be given fair treatment according to their career. If their work is accurately darified and specialized based on career, it will boost the efficiency of dental treatment. Dental hygienists also should direct sustained efforts into self-development in order to become a skilled and professional oral health personnel.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1999

A single fraction of 50 Gy extracorporeal irradiation, as a modality of limb-sparing operation, has been used to achieve tumor necrosis in osteosarcoma. Although this modality of radiation therapy preserving the mobility of a joint is commonly practiced, the precise knowledge on the radiobiological response of osteosarcoma cell has remained to be elucidated. We therefore observed whether a single high dose irradiation caused apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells and whether the commitment to apoptosis was associated with cell kinetics. We also investigated radiation dose response along the time course for development of apoptosis following single high dose irradiation. The morphologic change in apoptosis was observed by fluorescence with Hoechst 33258 and the degree and the fraction of cells by flow cytometry. Irradiation of osteosarcoma cells with 10, 30 and 50 Gy resulted in chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation. The degree of apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells was $29.5{\pm}3.56%$, $39.9{\pm}4.83%$ at 24 and 48 hours after 10 Gy irradiation ; $41.1{\pm}3.93%$, $66.9{\pm}5.21%$ at 24 and 48 hours after 30 Gy irradiation ; and $48.0{\pm}3.69%$, $75.6{\pm}4.65%$ at 24 and 48 hours after 50 Gy irradiation. The fraction of cells in cell-cycle kinetic was $39.2{\pm}4.3%$ in G2/M, $22.1{\pm}4.65%$ in G1 at 24 hours after 10 Gy irradiation ; $51.0{\pm}4.3%$ in G2/M, $20.4{\pm}4.7%$ in G1 at 48 hours after 10 Gy irradiation ; $40.3{\pm}3.9%$ in G2/M, $26.1{\pm}4.7%$ in G1 at 24 hours after 30 Gy irradiation ; $59.2{\pm}3.9%$ in G2/M, $5.9{\pm}5.1%$ in G1 at 48 hours after 30 Gy irradiation ; and $44.3{\pm}4.2%$ in G2/M, $21.1{\pm}3.5%$ in G1 at 24 hours after 50 Gy irradiation. The fraction of cells at 48 hours after 50 Gy irradiation could not be observed because of irradiation induced cell death of most of cells. All values for irradiated cells showed accumulation in G2/M phase and reduction in G1 phase, irrespective of irradiation dose. The results suggest that a single fraction of high dose irradiation with 50 Gy results in accumulation of cells at G2/M phase, leading to apoptosis.

• 대한화상학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.68-73
• /
• 2021

Purpose: A large defect by fourth-degree burns in the upper limb requires flap reconstruction. Since severe vascular damage and decrease in blood circulation after vascular anastomosis can occur in defects caused by fourth-degree burns. Because of the disadvantages, it is difficult to apply free flap surgery to fourth-degree burns. We reconstructed a upper extremity using the pedicled Latissimus Dorsi (LD) flap in two stages. The purpose of our study is to review our experience and suggest two-staged pedicled Latissimus Dorsi (LD) flap in fourth-degree burns of upper extremities. Methods: A retrospective review was performed from 2016 to 2019, on a total of 12 fourth-degree burn patients undergone two-staged pedicled LD flap surgery as reconstruction of upper extremities in our hospital. We reviewed the location of the injury, etiology, TBSA (%), size of burns requiring flap surgery, period from 1st surgery to secondary division surgery, complications. Results: Using two-staged LD flap as a primary reconstruction, the outcome is satisfactory. This flap preserves the elbow joint and maintains the length of the forearm. We obtain low donor-site morbidity, simplicity and a small incision in the donor site. Conclusion: Using two-staged LD flap in fourth-degree burns of upper extremity is effective, such as preserving elbow joint and maintaining the length of the forearm. Successful reconstruction was achieved with excellent cosmetic results with reducing a postoperative scar, donor-site morbidity. Due to these advantages, two-staged pedicled LD flap can be an optimal option for reconstruction of fourth-degree burns in the upper limb.

• 대한관절경학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2000

목적 : 대부분의 후방 십자 인대 부전시 후방 십자 인대 다발이 남아 있어 골-슬개건-골 이식 후방 십자 인대 재건술을 할 때 이식물의 원활한 통과를 위해 이들을 완전히 제거하는 경우가 많았다. 이 연구의 목적은 후방 경격막 도달법을 이용하여 후방 십자 인대의 경골 터널을 정확히 만들고, 남아 있는 후방 십자 인대 다발을 유지하면서 관절경 하 후방 십자 인대 재건술을 시행하고 임상적 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1993년 11월부터 1999년 6월까지 저자에 의해 후방 경격막 도달법을 이용하여 실시된 관절경하 후방 십자 인대 재건술 44례 중 1년 이상의 추시가 가능하였던 37례를 대상으로 하였다. 환자들의 평균 연령은 31.8세(최저 14세, 최고 56세)였으며 추시 기간은 평균 17.8개월(최단 12개월, 최장 61개월)이었다. 이식물로 이중 고리 자가 슬괵건 29례, 이중 고리 동종 슬괵건 4례, 동종 아킬레스 건-골 이식 4례가 이용되었다. 결과 : 술전 보였던 주관적 증상은 많이 소실되었으며 Lysholm 점수는 술 전 평균 60.4, 술 후 평균 88.1로, KT 관절계 검사는 술 전 평균 11.0mm, 술 후 평균 2.3mm로 향상되었다. 술 후 시행한 자기공명촬영술상 이식물은 남아 있는 후방 십자 인대 조직과 하나의 인대로 유합되는 소견을 보였다. 결론 : 후방 경격막 도달법을 이용하여 정확한 위치에 경골 터널을 만들 수 있으며, 남아 있는 후방 십자 인대 다발은 이식물과 함께 치유되어 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.734-741
• /
• 2002

중앙부 철골조와 단부 RC조로 이루어진 혼합구조보인 RS 보와 RC 기둥으로 이루어진 접합부의 비탄성 거동 및 내진성능을 구명하기 위하여 반복가력에 의한 접합부 실험을 진행하였다. 본 연구는 RC-RS 접합부의 모멘트비를 변수로 하여 두 개의 내부접합부와 한 개의 외부접합부 등 총 3개의 시험체를 제작하여 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과, 강도와 연성능력은 충분히 발휘하였으나, 접합부의 강성은 부족한 결과를 나타내었다. 이는 RS 보를 구성하는 철골보와 RC 보를 연결하는 강재매입구간에서의 철골 보의 미끄러짐에 의한 변위의 증가로 인하여 강성의 저하가 발생한 것으로 판단된다. 또한 Hawkins의 제안안에 의한RC-RS 접합부의 내진성능을 평가해 본 결과, 접합부의 초기강성의 부족으로 부재각 0.5 %에서의 공칭강도의 발현은 만족하지 못하였으나, 그외의 내진성능 평가지표인 강도유지능력, 상대 에너지소산비 및 종국후 초기강성비나 초기강도비 등의 측면에서는 우수한 능력을 발휘하였다. 따라서 구조물에서 RC-RS 접합부를 적용할 경우, RC 코어 월과 같은 초기 횡 강성을 보완할 수 있는 적절한 구조시스템과 병행하여 적용하면 강진지역의 구조물에도 충분히 적용이 가능하다고 판단된다.

• 한국언론정보학보
• /
• 제16권
• /
• pp.168-206
• /
• 2001

This study attempts to examine the relationships between the major market-based media and the government after closing military regime era, 1961-1987. After the military regime was collapsed, while the mass media in Korea obtained independence and autonomy from government, they have been confronted with the terrible competition not so much comparatively as before. The watchdog role in the traditional liberalism, which is regarded as normative relationship between the media and the government would be transformed in accordance with the market condition and the maturity of democracy. Thus, the watchdog metaphor has been variously deviated in rower-centered society; lap dog, guard dog, attack dog. liberalists argue that the primary democratic role of the media is to art as a public watchdog overseeing the state. Social democrats, however, criticize them as simplistic conception which could be only applied to the government. They argue that the media should be seen as a source of redress against the abuse of all forms of power over others; the home, the economy, and the civil society. The lap dog view is that the media is overwhelmingly dependent on the established power structure contrary to the watchdog. While the guard dog perspective is a means to preserve the power structure alarming with playing 'conflict role', the attack do8 aims to the private interest of the media in intruding into the politics. The attack dog perspective by T. Patterson could be composed of the interpretive style of report, the game schema report over the policy schema in the election, and the negativism against politics and government. The market-dominant press has been likely to transform from lap-guard dog into attack-guard dog. In Roh Tae Woo government(1988-1992), while the press was a lessened lap-guard dog before three parties merger in 1990, after merger the press had been transformed as the reinforced lap-guard dog because this merger entailed joint, party-to-party negotiations, and the formation of the new party preceded by dissolution of the ruling blot. In the early stage of Kim Young Sam government(1993-1997), the press has kept in pace with the reform movement drive-forced by the government. However, the press withdrew the support of Kim's reform in reaching the level of threat to ruling bloc. The press coalesced only circumstantially with government and was interested in preserving some margin of independence. The failure of Kim's reform proved the political muscle of the press in post-autho-ritarianism. In the middle stage of Kim Dae Jung government (1998-) that resulted in the shift of power structure as once-opposition party leader, the stress has been a manifested attack-guard dog owing to the anti-cold war policy, the realignment policy of power, and the minority-base of Kim's government. The press has endeavored to hold political communication within limits relatively less threatening to the established order.

• 수산경영론집
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 1999

In the Northeast Asian region fisheries agreements of the past regarding high seas as an agreement area were transformed or new agreements were introduced in order to conform to the EEZ regime. However, the existing joint regulatory zone which “open” status is somewhat similar to the high sea not only disappear, but also two new systems were established. To begin with, parties of the agreement claimed their EEZs to be from the territorial sea baselines to the extent set forth, problem of the fishery access of the other party under the agreement is to be solved on the principle of reciprocity and on recognizing of the catch results achieved in the past. In regards to the overlapping zones like neutral zone of the East Sea of Korea(Sea of Japan) and neutral zone to the south of the Cheju Island, provisional measures zones in the Yellow Sea and in the East China Sea, and transitional zone of the Yellow Sea special fisheries management systems reflecting the legal character of the zone involved are applied. Moreover, as fisheries agreements defining open sea as an agreement zone are not able to conform to the EEZ regime, so new fisheries agreements must be taken out from old systems and conceptions, and must be understood and enforced from the new point view. Therefore, countermeasures needed to do so should be developed, and their basic structure is as follows. Firstly, the basic concept of the EEZ regime requires that the coastal states have sovereign rights on their sea zones' natural resources and bear responsibilities appropriate to their allowed jurisdiction. Each Northeast Asian state should adjust the structure of fishing industries and employ advanced fisheries management system, and should make efforts toward such issues of the state policy as increasing fishery resources and preserving ocean environment. Secondly, measures should be developed to solve the international fisheries disputes which are to occur under enforcement of the new fisheries agreements system. In regards to the acts of violation the fisheries laws in the foreign EEZ the principle of jail sentence prohibition is established by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and every fisheries agreement reflects this principle. Therefore, the present question is to consider concrete measures to enable the easy release of the seamen, who violated fisheries laws slightly and well-intently, through establishment and management of the guarantee fund needed to make collateral reasonable. Thirdly, Korean-Russian and Russian-Japanese fisheries relations were formed on the basis of the EEZ regime, since 1992 and 1977 respectively, and are expected to maintain mutually beneficial cooperative character. As for Korean-Chinese-Japanese fisheries relations, the operational problems of overlapping zones, and problem of the permits for EEZ mutual access should be solved on the basis of the principle of reciprocity and equity rather than unilaterally from any side.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제57권4호
• /
• pp.439-447
• /
• 2019

임플란트 식립 시 자연치와 임플란트 사이의 간격은 치주 조직 보존 및 심미에 중요한 요소이다. 또한 고정성 치아 수복 시 치아의 비정상적 위치 이동과 경사 이동은 의도적 근관치료를 필요로 할 수도 있고 저작효율에 불리하게 작용하기도 한다. 본 증례에서는 치열이 불균일하고 붕괴된 교합을 가진 환자에서 완전구강회복을 시행하기에 앞서 치아재배열을 위한 교정치료를 진행하였다. 환자는 통증이나 소리와 같은 측두하악관절장애 증상 및 불편감이 없으므로 교정치료를 진행하는 데 무리가 없었다. 임플란트 식립 전부터 시작한 교정치료를 임플란트 임시 보철물 시적 후에도 진행하였고 전치부 보호 및 심미를 위하여 교합고경을 전치부 기준 2 mm 거상하였다. 교정치료 완료 후 임플란트 및 자연치에 도재전장금관(Porcelain-fused-to-metal crown, PFM crown) 혹은 브릿지(bridge)로 최종 수복하였다. 환자의 치열 개선 및 무치악부 수복으로 기능적, 심미적으로 만족할 만한 결과를 보였다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.157-163
• /
• 2021

목적: 아킬레스건의 황색종은 드물게 발생하며 증상이 심할 경우 수술적 치료가 필요한 경우가 있다. 전 절제술 후 재건술은 높은 수술의 숙련도를 요하며 다양한 합병증에 대한 우려가 있다. 본 연구에서는 양측 아킬레스건에 발생한 거대 황색종에 대해 자가 아킬레스건을 보존하는 쐐기형 절제술 후 추시 결과를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2010년 7월부터 2018년 5월까지 양측 아킬레스건에 발생한 황색종 환자 5명에 대해 자가 아킬레스건을 보존하는 쐐기형 절제술을 시행하였다. 평균 나이는 49세(범위, 40-55세)였고 추시 기간은 평균 21.4개월(범위, 12-31개월), 남자는 3명, 여자는 2명이었다. 수술 후 발생한 합병증을 기록하였으며 족관절 운동 범위, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society(AOFAS) ankle/hindfoot score, 치료 만족도 시각적 척도(visual analogue scale for overall satisfaction), single-limb heel raise 가능 여부, 그리고 직장으로의 복귀 시간을 측정하여 수술 후 임상적인 평가를 시행하였다. 결과: 1명에서 열개창(wound dehiscence)이 발생하였으며 추가적인 수술적 치료 없이 호전되었다. 마지막 추시에서 모든 환자들의 족관절의 운동 범위는 정상이었으며 AOFAS ankle/hindfoot score는 평균 91점(범위, 85-96점)이었고 치료 만족도 시각적 척도는 8-10점의 분포를 보였다. 직장으로의 복귀는 평균 27.6일(범위, 17-58일)이었으며 모든 환자는 single-limb heel raise가 가능하였다. 결론: 아킬레스건에 황색종이 발생하였을 경우 자가 아킬레스건을 보존하며 시행하는 쐐기형 절제술은 좋은 수술적 치료가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.