• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.441-448
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was to investigate and analyse the internal structural organisation of UK's urban fringe management initiatives and its roles. Caerphilly Mountain Countryside Service and Thames Chase Community Forest Initiatives were investigated. The Caerphilly Mountain Countryside Service Initiative operates through a tiered structure consisting of the Caerphilly Mountain Joint Committee, the Officers' Working Party, and the management team. The Thames Chase Community Forest Initiative is operated through a tiered structure comprising the Thames Chase Joint Committee and the management team. Although the role of each management initiative is invested differently in certain internal organisational bodies, such as the governance body and the management body, what is common to all the urban fringe management initiatives is that the governance body within each management initiative tries to speak with one voice to bring about an effective operation process, and the management team employs a variety of devices to secure the enrolment of a variety of interest groups in its operational processes.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.298-307
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• 1996

Osteochondroma is a common benign tumor of the axial skeleton, especially the distal metaphysis of the femur and the proximal metaphysis of the tibia, however, is occurred rarely on the facial skeleton. Development of the tumor is most frequently seen in the second or third decades of life. Typically, it arises directly from the cortex of the underlying bone, without any intervening zone of abnormal osseous tissue, and is covered by a cap composed of cartilage undergoing calcification. In case of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle, its clinical features are occulusal change, facial asymmetry, headache, pain and click on temporomandibular joint, mouth opening limitation, and jaw deviation to involved site. This is a case report of a 13-year old woman who had mouth opening limitation and severe temporomandibular joint pain. We obtained successful results with surgical removal of the osteochondroma on the mandibular condyle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2018

This paper suggests a way to improve the strength of the driveshaft, which is a vulnerable part of the drive axle system, for a 3.5-ton commercial vehicle. The driveshaft is composed of a universal joint with a spider and yoke, yoke shaft, etc. The driveshaft is developed by choosing design parameters for the spider and yoke such as the diameter and distance through the structural analysis of the driveshaft's components. Some driveshaft design cases have been made and analyzed with ANSYS; the strength of the driveshaft parts are validated from these results to propose an optimal design case. Finally, we suggest a driveshaft system that satisfies the working conditions for a 3.5-ton commercial vehicle.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.185-189
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• 2014

We report a case of intramuscular hemangioma in the subscapularis muscle and the resulting impairment of shoulder function in an adult patient. A nineteen-year-old female complained of shoulder pain and the development of a mass in the absence of previous trauma. Physical examinations, including lift-off and belly-press tests, showed abnormality. X-ray showed multiple calcifications in the front of the scapula. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a soft-tissue mass occupying almost the entire intramuscular portion of the subscapularis muscle. An arthroscopic examination excluded the possibility of a joint invasion, after which the entire mass was successfully removed by open excision. The displacement of the subscapularis by the mass was relieved after the surgery. Pathological diagnosis of the tissue confirmed a cavernous hemangioma. Both shoulder pain and function was improved after operation. There was no evidence of recurrence even at the 2-year follow-up. Rare forms of hemangioma adjacent to the shoulder joint could be successfully managed with surgical excision. Differential diagnosis, such as synovial chondromatosis, pigmented villo-nodular synovitis, and malignant sarcoma, should also be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.23 no.3 s.180
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• pp.187-194
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• 2006

Unexpected postoperative changes, such as growth in rib hump and shoulder unbalance, have been occasionally reported after corrective surgery for scoliosis. However there has been neither experimental data fer explanation of these changes, nor the suggestion of optimal correction method. Therefore, the numerical study was designed to investigate the post-operative changes of vertebral rotation and rib cage deformation after the corrective surgery of scoliosis. A mathematical finite element model of normal spine including rib cage, sternum, both clavicles, and pelvis was developed with anatomical details. In this study, we also developed a special program which could convert a normal spine model to a desired scoliotic spine model automatically. A personalized skeletal deformity of scoliosis model was reconstructed with X-ray images of a scoliosis patient from the normal spine structures and rib cage model. The geometric mapping was performed by translating and rotating the spinal column with an amount analyzed from the digitized 12 built-in coordinate axes in each vertebral image. By utilizing this program, problems generated in mapping procedure such as facet joint overlapping, vertebral body deformity could be automatically resolved.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.140-146
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• 2011

A miniature pendular type impact testing machine was designed and developed, adopting a magnetic powder brake in order to investigate tensile and shear behavior of a small solder ball at high speed. In this testing system, the potential energy of the pendulum is transferred into the impact energy during its drop. Then, the impact energy is transmitted through the striker which is connected to the push rods to push the specimen for tensile loading. The tensile behavior of lead-free solder ball in diameter of 760 ${\mu}m$ was successfully investigated in a speed range of 0.15 m/s~1.25 m/s using this designed device. The maximum tensile strength of the solder joint decreases with the loading speed in the testing condition. The maximum tensile strength of the joint was 56 MPa in the low speed region.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop an innovative training model and method to improve the posture and motion, while pulling up during weight lifting by evaluating the problems of Korean weight lifters performing this motion. To investigate the effectiveness of the new training method substitute members of the Korean national weight lifting team performed both the original pull up technique and new pulling training technique while kinetics and kinematics were recorded. For this study, the first phase of the new training method is more appropriate than the original training with the pull up drop slow deadlift to the knee joint. For the second phase, the new training motion is deemed to be more effective than the current box deadlift motion. Also, this new motion corrects the posture as there is more anterior hip joint motion(about 10 cm) and the knee flexes to about 120 degrees. For the third phase, starting about 10cm above the knee the box snatch high pull up is identified as a more suitable training method. For the forth phase, the box top snatch method is judged to be a more effective training method than the original top snatch training method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2000

The robotic automation in NonDestructive Testing(NDT) is a promising field of research and it helps to expand the applications of NDT enormously. Especially, in the case of pipelines which are widely used in various industrial facilities, it is required to secure adequate ways of inspection in the usual maintenance activitites. In this paper, we present a robot system for inpipe inspection of underground urban gas pipelines. The robot is configured as an articulated structure like a snake with a tether cable. Two active driving vehicles are located in front and rear of the system, respectively and passive modules such as a NonDestructive Testing module and a control module are chained between the active vehicles. The proposed system has outstanding mobility by employing a new steering mechanism called Double Active Universal Joint, which makes it possible to cope with complicated configurations of underground pipelines. Characteristic features of the system are described and the construction of the system is briefly outlined.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.218-221
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• 2006

This paper reports on a Realtime OS based motor control system for laparoscopic surgery robot which enables telesurgery and overcomes shortcomings with conventional laparoscopic surgery. The system has a conventional master-slave robot configuration and the control system consists of joint controllers, host controllers, and power units. The robot features (1) a compact slave robot with 5 DOF (Degree Of Freedom) expanding the workspace of each tool and increasing the number of tools operating simultaneously, and (2) direct 1:1 correspondence in the joint of master and slave robot that simplifies control algorithm and enhances reliability. Each master, slave and GUI (Graphical User Interface) host has a dedicated RTOS (RealTime OS), RTLinux-Pro (FSMLabs Inc., U.S.A.) Each master and slave controller set pair has a dedicated CAN (Controller Area Network) channel for control and monitoring signal communication. Total 4 pairs of the master/slave manipulators as current are monitored by one host controller for operation monitoring and higher level motion control. The system showed acceptable performance in both position control precision and master-slave motion synchronization and is now under further development for better safety and control fidelity for clinically applicable prototype.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.117-122
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• 2017

Due to the aging and obesity population in Korea, degenerative musculoskeletal diseases and people suffering from degenerative arthritis are increasing day by day. So, it is necessary to develop rehabilitation treatment device. Conventional high-frequency treatment devices have disadvantages in that therapeutic range is narrow, cost is high, image is adversely affected, treatment time is long, and failure rate is high. This paper proposes a customized therapy device that is stable and effective in reducing treatment time and output to target body part using 2MHz switching frequency, feedback control technique, and joint insulation flexible multipolar electrode. The device can be a new concept high-frequency stimulator to accommodate the advantages of CET and RET.