• Title/Summary/Keyword: Johns Hopkins University

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Influencing Women's Actions on Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment in Karawang District, Indonesia

  • Kim, Young-Mi;Ati, Abigael;Kols, Adrienne;Lambe, Fransisca Maria;Soetikno, Djoko;Wysong, Megan;Tergas, Ana Isabel;Rajbhandari, Presha;Lu, Enriquito
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.2913-2921
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    • 2012
  • Introduction: The impact of cervical cancer prevention programs depends on persuading women to go for screening and, if needed, treatment. As part of an evaluation of a pilot project in Indonesia, qualitative research was conducted to explore the factors that influence women's decisions regarding screening and treatment and to generate practical recommendations to increase service coverage and reduce loss to follow up. Methods: Research was conducted at 7 of the 17 public health centers in Karawang District that implemented the pilot project. Interviews and focus group discussions were held with 20 women, 20 husbands, 10 doctors, 18 midwives, 3 district health officials, and 16 advocacy team members. Results: Free services and mobile outreach events encouraged women to go for screening, along with promotional efforts by community health workers, advocacy teams, and the mass media. Knowledge and perceptions were the most important barriers to screening: women were not aware of cervical cancer risks, did not know the disease was treatable, and were fatalistic. Factors facilitating treatment were social support from husbands, relatives, and friends and the encouragement and role modeling of health workers. Barriers to prompt treatment included limited access to services and the requirement for husband's consent for cryotherapy. Conclusion: As cervical cancer prevention services are scaled up throughout Indonesia, the findings suggest three strategies to expand screening coverage and ensure prompt treatment: strengthening community mobilization and advocacy activities, modifying the service delivery model to encourage a single visit approach to screening and treatment, and working to gain men's support.

CHLOROPHYLLIN REDUCES URINARY LEVELS OF A CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCT BIOMARKER IN A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL

  • PatriciaEgner;JinBingWang;YuanRongZhu;BaoChuZhang;YanWu;QiNanZhang;GengsunQian;ShuangYuanKuang;StephenGange;LisaJacobson;KathyHelzlsouer;GeorgeBailey;Johngroopman;ThomasKensler
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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    • 2001.10b
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    • pp.3-4
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    • 2001
  • Residents of Qidong, Peoples Republic of China, are at high risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma, in part due to consumption of foods contaminated with aflatoxins. Chlorophyllin, a mixture of semi-synthetic, water-soluble derivatives of chlorophyll that is used as a food colorant and over-the-counter medicine, has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of aflatoxin hepatocarcinogenesis in animal models.(omitted)

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CHLOROPHYLLIN REDUCES URINARY LEVELS OF A CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCT BIOMARKER IN A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL

  • Egner, Patricia;Wang, Jin-Bing;Zuh, Yuan-Rong;Zhang, Bao-Chu;Wu, Yan;Zhang, Qi-Nan;Qian, Geng-Sun;Kuang, Shuang-Yuan;Gange, Stephen;Jacobson, Lisa;Helzlsouer, Kathy;Bailey , George;Groopman, John;Kensler, Thomas
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.46-47
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    • 2001
  • Residents of Qidong, Peoples Republic of China, are at high risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma, in part due to consumption of foods contaminated with aflatoxins. Chlorophyllin, a mixture of semi-synthetic, water-soluble derivatives of chlorophyll that is used as a food colorant and over-the-counter medicine, has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of aflatoxin hepatocarcinogenesis in animal models.(omitted)

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Biomimetics of the extracellular matrix: an integrated three-dimensional fiber-hydrogel composite for cartilage tissue engineering

  • Coburn, Jeannine;Gibson, Matt;Bandalini, Pierre Alain;Laird, Christopher;Mao, Hai-Quan;Moroni, Lorenzo;Seliktar, Dror;Elisseeff, Jennifer
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.213-222
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    • 2011
  • The native extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of an integrated fibrous protein network and proteoglycan-based ground (hydrogel) substance. We designed a novel electrospinning technique to engineer a three dimensional fiber-hydrogel composite that mimics the native ECM structure, is injectable, and has practical macroscale dimensions for clinically relevant tissue defects. In a model system of articular cartilage tissue engineering, the fiber-hydrogel composites enhanced the biological response of adult stem cells, with dynamic mechanical stimulation resulting in near native levels of extracellular matrix. This technology platform was expanded through structural and biochemical modification of the fibers including hydrophilic fibers containing chondroitin sulfate, a significant component of endogenous tissues, and hydrophobic fibers containing ECM microparticles.

Different mechanisms mediate uptake of lead in a rat glial cell line

  • Cheong, Jae-Hoon;Tan, Tan Blendyl;Kim, Y.B.;Bannon, Bannon Desmond;Olivi, Olivi Luisa;Bressler, Bressler Joseph
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2003.10b
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    • pp.117.2-117.2
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    • 2003
  • The mechanism by which lead enters glial cells was examined. The uptake of lead reached saturation when assays were performed in buffers at pH 5.5 and 7.4. The Vmax and Km was 2.7 pmoles/mg protein/min and 13.4 M in the buffer at pH 7.4, respectively, whereas the Vmax and Km was 329 fmoles/mg and 8.2 M in the buffer at pH 5.5, respectively. Uptake in a buffer at pH 5.5 but not at pH 7.4 was inhibited by iron. Cells treated with the iron chelator desferoxamine displayed higher levels of the divalent metal transporter mRNA and protein. (omitted)

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Characterization and predictive value of volume changes of extremity and pelvis soft tissue sarcomas during radiation therapy prior to definitive wide excision

  • Gui, Chengcheng;Morris, Carol D.;Meyer, Christian F.;Levin, Adam S.;Frassica, Deborah A.;Deville, Curtiland;Terezakis, Stephanie A.
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.117-126
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize and evaluate the clinical significance of volume changes of soft tissue sarcomas during radiation therapy (RT), prior to definitive surgical resection. Materials and Methods: Patients with extremity or pelvis soft tissue sarcomas treated at our institution from 2013 to 2016 with RT prior to resection were identified retrospectively. Tumor volumes were measured using cone-beam computed tomography obtained daily during RT. Linear regression evaluated the linearity of volume changes. Kruskal-Wallis tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and linear regression evaluated predictors of volume change. Logistic and Cox regression evaluated volume change as a predictor of resection margin status, histologic treatment response, and tumor recurrence. Results: Thirty-three patients were evaluated. Twenty-nine tumors were high grade. Prior to RT, median tumor volume was 189 mL (range, 7.2 to 4,885 mL). Sixteen tumors demonstrated significant linear volume changes during RT. Of these, 5 tumors increased and 11 decreased in volume. Myxoid liposarcoma (n = 5, 15%) predicted decreasing tumor volume (p = 0.0002). Sequential chemoradiation (n = 4, 12%) predicted increasing tumor volume (p = 0.008) and corresponded to longer times from diagnosis to RT (p = 0.01). Resection margins were positive in three cases. Five patients experienced local recurrence, and 7 experienced distant recurrence, at median 8.9 and 6.9 months post-resection, respectively. Volume changes did not predict resection margin status, local recurrence, or distant recurrence. Conclusion: Volume changes of pelvis and extremity soft tissue sarcomas followed linear trends during RT. Volume changes reflected histologic subtype and treatment characteristics but did not predict margin status or recurrence after resection.

AMENORRHEA (INTERMEDIATE)

  • Jones, Howard W.;Johnes, Georgeanna Seegar
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 1975
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Effectiveness and Complication Rate of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement in Pediatric Oncology Patients

  • Kidder, Molly;Phen, Claudia;Brown, Jerry;Kimsey, Kathryn;Oshrine, Benjamin;Ghazarian, Sharon;Mateus, Jazmine;Amankwah, Ernest;Wilsey, Michael
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.546-554
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Malnutrition is a significant issue for pediatric patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement in pediatric oncology patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 49 pediatric oncology patients undergoing PEG placement at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital between 2000 and 2016. Demographic and clinical characteristics, complications, absolute neutrophil count at time of PEG placement and at time of complications, length of stay, and mortality were identified. Weight-for-age Z-scores were evaluated at time of- and six months post-PEG placement. Results: The overall mean weight-for-age Z-score improved by 0.73 (p<0.0001) from pre- (-1.11) to post- (-0.38) PEG placement. Improvement in Z-score was seen in patients who were malnourished at time of PEG placement (1.14, p<0.0001), but not in those who were not malnourished (0.32, p=0.197). Site infections were seen in 12 (24%), buried bumper syndrome in five (10%), and tube dislodgement in one (2%) patient. One patient (2%) with fever was treated for possible peritonitis. There were no cases of other major complications, including gastric perforation, gastrocolic fistula, clinically significant bleeding, or PEG-related death documented. Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies, our data suggests a relationship between site complications (superficial wound infection, buried bumper syndrome) and neutropenia. Additionally, PEG placement appears to be an effective modality for improving nutritional status in malnourished pediatric oncology patients. However, larger prospective studies with appropriate controls and adjustment for potential confounders are warranted to confirm these findings.

A Technique Security Analysis Using Cryptography of RFID Device

  • Bono, Stephen C.;Green, Matthew;Stubblefield, Adam
    • 한국정보컨버전스학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.161-168
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    • 2008
  • We describe our success in defeating the security of an RFID device known as a Digital Signature Transponder(DST). Manufactured by Texas Instruments, DST(and variant) devices help secure millions of SpeedPassTM payment transponders and automobile ignition keys.

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