• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.281-293
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• 1992

Classification of the cycle of seminiferous epithelia into 12 stages by the morphological changes in acrosomal system and evaluation of the relative frequency of stages and the cell association were histologically performed in the mature Korean native Jin-do dogs. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The minimum number of type A spermatogonia averaged 1.01 at stages I, while maximum number averaged 2.47 at stages XII. Some type A spermatogonia divided at stage XII to produce the type intermediate(IN) spermatogonia at the following stage I. The type IN spermatogonia divided at stage IV to produce the type B spermatogonia at stage V. 2. The type B spermatogonia divided at stage VI to produce the preleptotene primary spermatocytes at stage VII. The secondary spermatocytes observed at stage XII. The secondary spermatocytes observed at stage XII divided to give rise to the round spermatids at the following stage I. The numbers of the first spermatocytes and spermatids were almost constant, respectively, through all the cycles of seminiferous epithelium. 3. The acrosomal vesicle was invaginated to occupy one third to half of spermatid nucleus at the cap phase, which was different from that of rodent and ruminant spermatid nuclei. 4. The relative frequencies of stages I to XII of seminiferous epithelia cycle were 10.34, 4.84, 5.03, 8.22, 10.86, 6.63, 6.42, 18.88, 10.17, 6.18, 7.62% and 4.81%, respectively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.248-252
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• 1999

본 연구는 진도개, 풍산개 및 잡종견의 혈액학 및 혈액화학치의 차이를 비교하고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 총 80두가 본 조사에 이용되었으며 경기도지방, 제주도, 서울 및 전남지방을 대상으로 실시하였다. 각각 진도개 30두, 풍산개 20두 및 잡종견 30두로 구성되었으며 성비는 각 군간에 차이가 없었다(진도개: 수캐=16, 암캐=14, 풍산개 : 수캐=9, 암캐=11, 잡종견: 수캐=15, 암캐=15). 연령은 진도개, 풍산개 및 잡종견 각각 1.3$\pm$0.9(년), 1.3$\pm$1.0(년), 1.3$\pm$ 1.6(년)이었다. 체종분포는 진도개, 풍산개 및 잡종견은 각각 9.0$\pm$4.5 kg, 9.8$\pm$4.0 kg, 8.4$\pm$4.7 kg이었다. 잡종견의 백혈구와 호중구수가 다른 두품종에 비해 유의성있게 높았다 (p<0.05). 풍산개의 림프구와 호산구수는 진도개와 잡종견의 수보다 높았다(p＜0.05). 하지만 풍산개의 단핵구 수는 진도개와 잡종견보다 유의성있게 낮았다(p<0.05). 진도개의 콜레스테롤과 무기인 수준은 풍산개와 잡종개의 수준보다 낮았다. 잡종견의 중성지방(triglyceride)의 수준은 진도개와 풍산개의 수준보다 낮았다. 잡종견의 나트륨 농도는 진도개와 풍산개의 수준보다 낮았으며 진도견의 칼륨농도는 풍산개와 잡종견의 농도와 비교하여 높았다. 바베시아 검사에서 모든 품종에서 음성이었으며 심장사상충 검사결과 양성율은 잡종견, 진도견과 풍산견 각각 20%, 10%, 10%이었다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 2011

The number of abandoned dogs is increasing with the worsening of the economy and the rising of feed value. It was becoming a serious social problem because of the disease transmission and destruction of natural ecosystems by abandoned dogs been wild animal. In order to solve these problems, companion dogs necessary to secure its own genetic information and to establish the systematic tracking system. Using multiplex-PCR method with 27 microsatellite marker (MS marker) divided 3 set, various alleles occurring to 6 dog breed (Labrador Retriever, German Shepherd, English Springer Spaniel, Belgian Malinois, Jindo Dog, PoongSan Dog) make use of markers to determine allele frequency and heterozygosity. MS marker FH2834 and FH2790 have only two allele and most were found in 13 alleles at FH3381 and FH3399. Average heterozygosity of MS marker is 0.534 and especially, heterozygosity represented the highest value of 0.765 at FH3381. So, it was recognized appropriate allele frequency for individual identification and paternity diagnosis in companion dogs. Using multiplex-PCR method with MS marker, various alleles occurring to dog breed make use of markers to deter mine individual identification and paternity diagnosis, traits associated biomarkers and breed-specific marker for faster, more accurate and ways to reduce the analysis cost. Based on this result, a scientific basis was established to the existing pedigree data by applying genetics additionally. Animal registration system is expected to be conducted nationwide in future. The method expects to very useful this system.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.637-644
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• 2019

This study was conducted to analyze the genetic characteristics of the Jeju dog for preservation and protection. A total of 139 dogs from 7 dog breeds, including the Jeju dog, were genotyped using 16 microsatellite markers. The results revealed 2-18 alleles per locus, with a total of 131 alleles among the 16 markers. Most alleles were identified for FH3381, which had 18 alleles, whereas FH2834 had the fewest alleles, with just 2. When the total mean value was observed, the expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were higher for than for outgroup dogs, and the PIC values ranged from 0.000 to 0.862, respectively. The phylogenetic tree analysis of the Jeju dog and other dog varieties revealed that the Jeju dog is closest to the Sapsal dog (0.393). The phylogeny between the Jeju and Korean domestic dogs showed that the Jeju dog is most distant from the Dongkyung dog (0.507). Looking at the distribution individually, the Jeju dog is in the same group as the Labrador Retriever and the Sapsal dog. Meanwhile, the Poongsan, Dongkyung, and Jindo dogs and the German Shepherd were in the same group. Genetic information confirmed through the results of this study can be used as basic data to study the genetic characteristics of the Jeju dog.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.861-869
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• 2015

One of the domesticated species; the dog has been selectively bred for various aims by human. The dog has many breeds, which are artificially selected for specific behaviors and morphologies. Dogs contribute their life to human as working dogs for guide, rescue, detection or etc. Working dogs requires good personality, such as gentleness, robustness and patience for performing their special duty. Many studies have concentrated on finding genetic marker for selecting the high-quality working dog. In this study, we confirmed quantitative expression patterns of eight genes (ABAT; 4-Aminobutyrate Aminotransferase, PLCB1; Phospholipase C, Beta 1, SLC10A4; Solute Carrier Family 10, Member 4, WNT1; Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family, Member 1, BARX2; BarH-Like Homeobox 2, NEUROD6; Neuronal Differentiation 6, SEPT9; Septin 9 and TBR1; T-Box, Brain, 1) among brains tissues from four dog breeds (Beagle, Sapsaree, Shepherd and Jindo), because these genes were expressed and have functions in brain mostly. Specially, BARX2, SEPT9, SLC10A4, TBR1 and WNT1 genes were highly expressed in Beagle and Jindo, and Sapsaree and German Shepherd were vice versa. The biological significance of total genes was estimated by database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID) to determine a different gene ontology (GO) class. In these analyses, we suppose to these eight genes could provide influential information for brain development, and intelligence of organisms. Taken together, these results could provide clues to discover biomarker related to functional traits in brain, and beneficial for selecting superior working dogs.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.332-338
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to investigate the changes in phospholipid and glycolipid of Kaesojoo and Kaesojoo added medicinal herbs during storage(30 days) at 4$^{\circ}C$and -18$^{\circ}C$. Two dogs with 12kg live weight(♀, The Korean Jindo dog Hy-breed, 11∼12 month) were slaughtered to obtain samples. The result obtained were as follows: The saturated fatty acids found in phospholipid of Kaesojoo were palmitic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid, while the unsaturated fatty acid found in phospholipid of Kaesojoo with medicinal herbs were palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidonic acid, while the unsaturated fatty acid were mostly oleic acid, increased during the period of storage. The saturated fatty acid found in glycolipid obtained from Kaesojoo were mostly oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The saturated fatty acid obtained from Kaesojoo with medicinal herbs were palmitic acid, stearic acid, while the unsaturated fatty acid were mostly oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The rates of changes in unsaturated and saturated fatty acid were higher at 4$^{\circ}C$ than that of -18$^{\circ}C$ during storage.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.303-310
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• 2011

Phylogenetic relationships of Jeju dogs to other domestic and foreign dog breeds were assessed using mtDNA D-loop sequences. Neighbor-joining trees were constructed using complete sequences (970 bp excluding the tandem repeat region) determined for five Cheju, four Jindo, four Sapsaree, five Pungsan, two of each East and West Laika dogs (Canis familiaris), two gray wolves (Canis lupus) and two coyotes (Canis latrans) and also published complete sequences for dogs. Coyote sequences were used as outgroups. In addition, a total of 214 haplotypes of 598bp D-loop sequences from 30 dog breeds were collected from GenBank and used to investigate genetic structure of population. In the analyses of full D-loop sequence variation and the phylogenetic trees constructed by neighbor-joining method, neither haplotypes nor clades specific for any domestic dog breeds were observed. The inter-species sequence variation (4.51%) between domestic dogs and wolves was much higher than the intra-species sequence variation within domestic dogs (1.63%) and wolves (3.64%). The divergence of the dog and wolf occurred approximately 1~2 million years ago based on these values. The taxa of Jeju dog breed in the phylogenetic tree are clustered separately and intermingled with other taxa of breeds, suggesting that active crossbreeding of Jeju dogs with other domestic breeds.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.269-275
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• 2007

Two dogs referred to Veterinary Medical Center, Chungbuk National University diagnosed as multiple extrahepatic portosystemic shunt were reported. The first dog was a 20-month-old, 8 kg, male Cocker spaniel with history of peritoneal effusion, diarrhea, anorexia and stunted growth. The second dog was a 3-year-old, 13.4 kg, male Jindo with a history of severe depression. Hematologic examination of first dog revealed mild microcytosis and nonregenerative anemia. All of 2 cases, serum chemical values showed increase of serum ammonia, ALP, r-GTP and glucose. In survey radiography, microhepatia was apparent. In the color Doppler ultrasonographic examination, the first dog revealed a dilated tortuous vein communicating with caudal vena cava was observed near the left kidney and the second dog revealed numerous shunting vessels ventral to L5 and L6. Transcolonic portal scintigraphy of the first dog confirmed the presence of portosystemic shunt. In intraoperative jejunoportography, the first dog showed single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and multiple acquired extrahepatic portosystemic shunts. The second dog showed multiple acquired extrahepatic portosystemic shunts. In these dogs, the presence of congenital and acquried portosystemic shunts and histopathologic findings were considered to represent a combination of multiple extrahepatic portosystemic shunts and noncirrhotic portal hypertension or portal vein hypoplasia.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.353-355
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• 2017

A four month old, intact female Jindo dog presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Kangwon National University with collapse. Physical examination revealed a heart rate of more than 200 beats per minute. Blood tests showed mild anemia and mild neutrophilia, while thoracic radiography and ultrasonography revealed no remarkable findings. Electrocardiography showed ventricular premature complexes (VPCs). The dog was diagnosed with congenital ventricular tachyarrhythmia. The condition was improved by lidocaine infusion. After 10 days, the dog was discharged from the hospital with a prescription of atenolol, pimobendan, diltiazem, furosemide, spironolactone, and L-carnitine. This dog is still alive after 31 months. However, progressive cardiac remodeling was confirmed on radiography and ultrasonography. Congenital ventricular tachyarrhythmia is rare in dogs, and the prognosis of reported cases is poor. This report describes the long-term successful management of a dog with congenital ventricular tachyarrhythmia.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 2013

A 4-month-old intact male Jindo dog was presented for left hindlimb lameness. On radiographs, a small mineralized piece was identified beneath the apophysis of tibia with no or minimal displacement of apophysis bilaterally. Subsequently, the cranioproximal bony aspect of the tibia changed radiolucent to radiopaque. The left side recovered after surgical management, but the right side was self-limited with conservative management. The diagnosis was partial avulsion fracture of the tibial tuberosity which has been called 'Osgood-Schlatter disease' in dogs.