• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.655-664
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was undertaken to identify which delirium screening instrument would be more useful in clinical practice. Methods: Data were collected from 118 nurses from six hospitals in five provinces in Korea. For the delirium screening three instruments were compared: NEECHAM Confusion Scale (NEECHAM), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC), Delirium Observation Scale (DOS). The MMSE-K was used for concurrent validity. The nurse subjects were surveyed as to the practical clinical value of each instrument. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient and Kuder-Richardson 20 were used to confirm the reliability. Results: The range of three scales reliability was .70~.82 and the range of correlation coefficient was .63~.82 with MMSE-K. For sensitivity of NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS was 1.00, 1.00 and 0.81 respectively and specificity NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS was 0.88, 0.89 and 0.89 respectively. Nurses rated the practical use of the DOS scale as significantly easier to use than the NEECHAM and Nu-DESC. Conclusion: NEECHAM, Nu-DESC and DOS scales were acceptable in terms of reliability, validity, sensitivity and specificity. However, nurses rated the DOS scale as easier scale to use and had more relevance to their practice.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of substituting corn with soybean hulls on the ingestive behavior and nitrogen balance of Santa Ines lambs. A total of 25 lambs with an initial body weight of $20{\pm}2$ kg at approximately six months of age, sheltered individually in stalls ($1.10m{\times}1.0m$), considering an entirely casual experimental delineation. Soybean hulls were substituted for corn at 0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The time spent feeding, ruminating, masticating, and resting was not affected by the substitution of corn with soybean hulls. In fact, the feeding efficiency in g DM/h and the rumination efficiency in g DM/bolus increased linearly with soybean hull substitution in the feed. Although the nitrogen balance was not altered by the use of soybean hulls as a substitute for corn in the diets of Santa Ines lambs, the N ingested and N digested expressed in g/d, N retained as a percentage of that ingested, and N retained as a percentage of that digested displayed quadratic behavior. In conclusion, corn can be substituted with soybean hulls up to 1,000 g/kg of dry matter in the concentrate, without changing the ingestive behavior and nitrogen balance.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.349-364
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between new-building of rural public health centers and the outpatient medical utilization. Methods : The study subjects were 141 public health centers in rural area. The data were collected from 1995 to 2001, medical utilization and local population, healthcare resources, and economic characteristics were included. In order to evaluate new-building effects, we performed paired t-tests and multivariate regression analyses. Results : The following variables are significant affecting the medical utilization of rural public health centers: urban side location of public health centers(p<0.05), pre- and post-IMF economic crisis(p<0.001), number of medical aid recipients(p<0.01), number of private clinics(p<0.05), workers of public health centers(p<0.001), financial independent level of local governments(p<0.001). In contrast, the existence of new-building and number of the aged 65 and over were not significant variables. Conclusions : We could not find out the positive relationship between the existence of new-building and the volume of medical utilization in rural public health centers. In particular the medical utilization of rural public health centers is significantly affected by IMF economic recession and number of the poor strata, the economically depressed area.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.368-378
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• 2016

Purpose: This research aimed at investigating the relationship among nurses' communication style, nursing service satisfaction, hospital service satisfaction, and intent to revisit the hospital. Methods: A correlational study was conducted including 270 family members of patients who were hospitalized in general wards in a general hospital in J city. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Affective communication style demonstrated the highest correlation with intent to revisit the hospital, followed by informative communication style, and authoritative communication style. Nursing service satisfaction demonstrated indirect effect through the parameter, hospital service satisfaction to the intent to revisit the hospital. Hospital service satisfaction demonstrated direct effect influencing the intent to revisit the hospital. Conclusion: With respect to nursing service, affective communication style is important to promote intent to revisit the hospital. It is necessary to improve nursing service, since it is an important variable that can improve hospital service satisfaction and hospital revisit intent.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.227-244
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• 2020

Earthen structures have an excellent bioclimatic performance, but they are vulnerable against earthquakes. In order to investigate the edification process and costs, a full-scale rammed soil house was constructed in 2004. In 2016-2019, it was studied its seismic damage, durability and degradation process. During 2004-2016, the house presented a relatively good seismic performance (M_w=5.6-6.4). The damaged cover contributed in the fast deterioration of walls. In 2018 it was observed a partial collapse of one wall due to recent seismicity (M_w=5.6-6.1). The 15-year-old samples presented a reduced compressive strength (0.040 MPa) and a minimum moisture (1.38%). It is estimated that the existing house has approximately a remaining 20% of compressive strength with a degradation of about 5.4% (0.0109 MPa) per year (considering a time frame of 15 years) if compared to the new soil samples (0.2028 MPa, 3.52% of moisture). This correlation between moisture and compressive strength degradation was compared with the study of new soil samples at the same construction site and compared against the extracted samples from the 15-year-old house. At 7-14-days, the specimens presented a similar compressive strength as the degraded ones, but different moisture. Conversely, the 60-days specimens shown almost five times more strength as the existing samples for a similar moisture. It was observed in new rammed soil that the lower the water content, the higher the compressive/shear strength.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.469-482
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify which nursing interventions are the most effective in fall prevention for hospitalized patients. Methods: From 3,675 papers searched, 34 were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Number of fallers, falls, falls per 1,000 hospital-days, and injurious falls, fall protection activity, knowledge related to falls, and self-efficacy about falls were evaluated as outcome variables. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta Analysis (CMA) 2.2 Version program and the effect sizes were shown as the Odd Ratio (OR) and Hedges's g. Results: Overall effect size of nursing interventions for fall prevention was OR=0.64 (95% CI: 0.57~0.73, p <.05) and Hedges's g= - 0.24. The effect sizes (OR) of each intervention ranged from 0.34 to 0.93, and the most effective nursing intervention was the education & environment intervention (OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.28~0.42, p<.001), followed by education intervention (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.50~0.67, p=.001). Subgroup analyses showed that multifaceted interventions (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.73~0.79, p<.001) were more effective than unifactorial interventions, and that activities for prevention of falls (OR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.05~0.15, p<.001) showed the largest effect size among outcome variables. Conclusion: Falls in hospitalized patients can be effectively prevented using the nursing interventions identified in this study. These findings provide scientific evidence for developing and using effective nursing interventions to improve the safety of hospitalized patients.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

This study was to summarize in Nursing perspective nursing missionary activities of Elizabeth J. Shepping, R, N(1880~1934), a Southern Presbyterian nursing missionary and explore Korean women's lives and Korean nursing history during the Japanese Colonial Period. Shepping committed herself to nursing activities, providing care to the lepers and patients mainly in Gwangju Jejung Hospital, Gunsan Guam Jesus Hospital, and Severnce Hospital, as well as engaging in nursing activities for disease prevention in local communities. She put much effort in educating women and nurses to help recover women's human rights, simultaneously spreading gospel for salvation. She founded the Chosun Nursing Association to help Korean community oppressed under Japanese colonial. Shepping's life based on her motto,"Not success, but service,"was holistic nursing missionary work.

• CELLMED
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.21.1-21.5
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• 2013

Cholesterol gallstones are a digestive disease of high prevalence that has many risk factors; for this reason, research has focused mainly on how to prevent it rather than how to treat it. Many molecules of the hepatic, bile and intestinal systems are involved in the pathophysiology of this disease, making it very difficult to find a therapeutic target. The pharmacological treatment is limited, so when gallstones generate symptoms, medical treatment indicates gallbladder removal. Ursodeoxycholic acid is used to dissolve cholesterol stones, and ezetimibe and statins are other drugs with possible applications in the treatment of this disease. Given the small number of drugs that have been developed for treating this disease, the research of natural products becomes of paramount importance. Resources such as black radish, glucosinolates, fenugreek, capsaicin, curcumin, garlic, and onion, have all shown significant effects in the prevention and treatment of cholesterol gallstones. In this review, we made a synthesis of the scientific reports that deal with these natural products and that can serve as antecedents for finding a way to treat the most common disease of the gallbladder.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.587-599
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• 2017

The immune response against Trichinella spiralis at the intestinal level depends on the $CD4^+$ T cells, which can both suppress or promote the inflammatory response through the synthesis of diverse cytokines. During the intestinal phase, the immune response is mixed (Th1/Th2) with the initial predominance of the Th1 response and the subsequent domination of Th2 response, which favor the development of intestinal pathology. In this context, the glucocorticoids (GC) are the pharmacotherapy for the intestinal inflammatory response in trichinellosis. However, its therapeutic use is limited, since studies have shown that treatment with GC suppresses the host immune system, favoring T. spiralis infection. In the search for novel pharmacological strategies that inhibit the Th1 immune response (proinflammatory) and assist the host against T. spiralis infection, recent studies showed that resiniferatoxin (RTX) had anti-inflammatory activity, which decreased the serum levels of IL-12, $INF-{\gamma}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, NO, and $PGE_2$, as well the number of eosinophils in the blood, associated with decreased intestinal pathology and muscle parasite burden. These researches demonstrate that RTX is capable to inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines, contributing to the defense against T. spiralis infection, which places it as a new potential drug modulator of the immune response.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.344-347
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• 2011

Intrachondral articulations are the synovial joints that occur within costal cartilage in artiodactyls. The anatomical structure of Korean water deer differs from that of other deer. However, there have been no reports on the occurrence and shape of intrachondral articulations in the deer. To provide information on these articulations, we examined the occurrence and shape of intrachondral articulations in the Korean water deer by gross findings, radiography, computed tomography (CT), and histological observation. These joints often occur in the second to the tenth ribs. Morphologically, they are spheroidal joints, especially from the third to the eighth ribs, and their configuration is discernable in gross findings, radiography, CT, and histological sections. These basic results would be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the lateral thoracic wall of the Korean water deer.