• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of space design appearing in facade and interior composition factors of buildings in the colonial period in Indonesia. Research method is a field study, and subjects of the study is 14 buildings built in the colonial period located in Jakarta. The research result is as follows. First, Facade is divided into C type (colonial style), CT type (colonial style + traditional style), CA type (colonial style + art deco style), and CTA type (colonial style + traditional style + art deco style). Among them, CT type which shows both a colonial style and traditional style accounts for the most. As for Java traditional style mainly shows Joglo roof style and bratticing decoration on top of gates, and the colonial style presents both an Amsterdam canal housing style such as narrow Facade and unusual Gable, and a classical style such as pediment, entablature, and columns. Second, interior space is divided into C type (colonial style), CT type (colonial style + Indonesian traditional style), A type (art deco style), and CA type (colonial style + art deco style). Among them, CT type was also accounted for the most. Selected traditional style is a shape of bratticing decoration on top of gates and a shape of tenon of Joglo housing structure. Colonial style showed classical style such as exposed crossbeams, columns, and pilasters, and as for unique decoration, there are Ancona decoration and Delft tile decoration. On one hand, art deco style used typical art deco factors such as contrast of various materials and complementary color or golden color use as well as zigzag or vertical lines and geometric ornament by combining with colonial style or traditional style. It is expected that such research result will be a practical reference data when Korean construction companies or interior design companies advance Indonesia.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.397-408
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• 2020

SMEs as an organization to succeed and to be sustainable must have the most essential and strategic capital, namely creativity, competitive advantage, and intellectual capital. This study aims to explore how creativity and intellectual capital determines SMEs' sustainability as well as examine the emerging role of competitive advantage in supporting this relationship. A quantitative method was applied to gain a better understanding of the relationship between variables undergoing Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). This study collected data from 123 SMEs in East Java of Indonesia using an online survey. The approach adopted in this study is a convenience random sampling method, which is widely used in entrepreneurship and SMEs' sustainability research. The findings showed that intellectual capital positively affects both competitive advantage and SMEs' sustainability. Additionally, the result of this study confirms a robust relationship between intellectual capital and SMEs' sustainability. However, partially, creativity failed in explaining SMEs' sustainability. Furthermore, this study confirmed that competitive advantage has successfully mediated both the influence of creativity and intellectual capital to SMEs' sustainability. Although this research only involved participants in East Java, this study can be the first step for relevant research of SMEs' sustainability, in particular, in Indonesia.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2013

본 연구는 인도네시아 그데 빨랑오 국립공원의 생태관광 활성화 방안에 관한 것이다. 인도네시아는 한국의 10대 교역대상국 중의 하나이면서 열대우림을 보유하고 있어서 생태관광자원이 풍부한 나라이다. 특히 자바섬 서쪽에 있는 군웅 그데 빨랑오 국립공원(Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park)은 유네스코가 세계생물권보전지역으로 지정할 만큼 생물다양성이 풍부한 곳이다. 이러한 장점 때문에 세계 각지에서 연구, 교육, 등산, 캠핑을 위해 다양한 탐방객이 군웅 그데 빨랑오 국립공원을 찾고 있다. 그러나 인도네시아는 탐방객을 위한 편의시설이 다른 나라에 비해 부족하고 탐방프로그램도 불충분한 상태다. 생태관광을 활성화시키기 위해서는 탐방시설의 물리적 개선과 다양한 탐방프로그램의 운영, 그리고 지역주민의 참여와 소득증대사업이 이루어져야만 한다. 본 연구는 군웅 그데 빨랑오 국립공원의 생태관광 현황 및 문제점을 분석하여 환경 친화적인 국립공원 관리와 생태탐방 시설의 개선계획을 수립하는데 있다. 이 연구는 이러한 제안이 한국과 인도네시아 사이의 실질적인 환경협력을 증진시킬 것으로 기대한다.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-36
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• 2017

본 연구는 개혁시기 들어 인도네시아의 오랜 자경주의 경관 속에 처음으로 등장한 이슬람적 치안의제와 그 실천 주체로서의 이슬람 자경단에 관한 연구이다. 이를 위해 본고는 이전 시기까지 인도네시아 사회가 일상공간에 관한 치안의제를 정의해 온 방식들과의 연관성 속에서, 이슬람적 치안 발생을 가능케 한 시대 배경, 이슬람적 치안의제 구성, 그리고 그 구체적 실천 양상 들을 고찰하였다. 그럼으로써 이슬람적 치안에 작용하는 권력관계와 이해관계를 파악하고, 이슬람적 치안에 의해 새롭게 조율되는 개인과 사회 간의 관계 설정 방향을 가늠해 보았다. 이러한 작업들을 통해 본고는 개혁시기 인도네시아 사람들이 경험하고 있는 사회적 스트레스들이, 지구화 시대의 이념들과 이슬람을 매개로 치안화하는 과정을 연구한 것이며 이슬람적 치안을 통해 디자인되고 있는 인도네시아 사회의 미래 전망을 고찰한 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1263-1266
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of some production factors on commercial production of Etawah Crossbred Goats (ECG) of Inpres Desa Tertinggal member groups (AKIDT) at Krasak, Pandansari, Brajan, and Kragilan villages in Boyolali regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The study was from February to April 2000. Eighty respondents of AKIDT were selected by simple random sampling and the data were analyzed using Cobb Douglas Production Function. The results showed that ECG production simultaneously were highly significant (p<0.01) influenced by amount of feed consumed (kg TDN/year, $x_1$), number of does of ECG (Animal Unit/year, $x_2$), number of kids and does/ barn/year (Animal Unit/year, $x_3$), labor use (man-days/year, $x_4$) and work capital (US$/year, $x_5$) with $R^2= 0.6568$. In addition, ECG production was partially influenced by $x_2$, $x_3$ and $x_5$ (p<0.01) and $x_1$ (p<0.05), but not significant (p>0.05) by $x_4$. Technically, production factors of $x_1$, $x_2$, $x_3$, $x_4$, $x_5$ had reached technique efficiency (0$x_1$, $x_3$, $x_4$, $x_5$ did not showed efficiency (Ep<1) and $x_2$ was not efficient yet.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-182
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of Islamization in Java, focusing on religious discourse among Muslim intellectuals. How Islamic tradition and knowledge have been perceived and utilized and how they have interacted with those of non-Islamic origin will be discussed. For this, three Islam-related books written in different phases of Islamization are to be analyzed: Babad Tanah Jawi compiled by Mataram court in the 17th century, Serat Cabolek written by a court poet in the late 18th or early 19th century, and Fikih Anti-korupsi published by reformist and scriptural organization of Muhammadiyah in 2006. Babad portrays conversion to Islam as a process which does not demand a dramatic outward change in religious practice. Scriptural tradition of Islam and the dichotomy between what is Islamic and what is not were not mentioned in order to explain conversion. Spiritual and mystical enlightenment was emphasized heavily, and for this, the importance of non-Islamic traditions was fully acknowledged. Serat tells us that this period was characterized by the surge of scriptural and shariah-minded Islam, maintenance of non-Islamic traditions, clashes between scriptural Islam and old religious traditions, and Javanese efforts to harmonize these. In Fikih, non-Islamic tradition is replaced by scriptural Islam and disappears totally. Interpretations based on the Scriptures, however, do not monopolize it and are used together with mode of analysis from the West. It is too much to call this 'intellectual syncretism', in that Islamic Scriptures and Western knowledge do not mix but stand side by side. Three books under examination reveal that the process of Islamization in Java has not been uniform. It has been conditioned and shaped by local socio-cultural and historical circumstances, where active engagement and intellectual exercise of Javanese Muslims have played key roles. Even Islamization in the last few decades is not an exception. The surge of scripturalism and fundamentalism does not simply bring about a move to Arabization. Interacting with local intellectual and socio-cultural milieu, this has produced a sort of intellectual hybridity, which is unique to Muslim society of Java.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.389-394
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• 1993

A study on housing and management of dairy cows was conducted in three villages. All activities of husbandry related to the housing and the condition of the cows were observed and farmers were interviewed using a questionnaire. The main type of housing was a tie stall mostly in the back yard area with a gable or shed type roof. Inside the shed the temperature ranged from 17 to $29^{\circ}C$ and the relative humidity ranged from 62 to 73%. Drainage and manure handling was poor which lead to poor cleanliness of the stables and animal skins. The floor space was mostly wide and the roof level was low (less than 2.5 m). The slope of the floor (1-3%) was sufficient, the roughness of the floor was of medium quality. The shape and size of the feed trough was good with a surface of mostly irregular forms. Concentrate was mixed with water and offered in liquid form in pails made from plastic or from parts of rubber car tires. Hoof length was too long which could lead to unstable position and self injury. It is concluded that the housing conditions of dairy cattle need to be improved in order to improve the condition of the animals and the production performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1181-1188
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• 2021

This research aims to analyze transglobal leadership which has an impact on bank sustainability with militancy and organizational culture variables as mediating variables. In addition, to evaluate militancy, cultural organizations exist to encourage bank sustainability. This is an explanatory research conducted using a quantitative approach in the form of a survey. The population of this study includes all Heads of Regional Offices and Head of Branch Offices of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia is spread across Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Jayapura. This study uses a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability and secondary data. Quantitative data analysis was performed in the form of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis based on Partial Least Square (PLS) to answer the research hypothesis. The results show a significant and positive relationship between transglobal and militancy leadership, transglobal leadership with innovation culture, militancy with innovation culture, militancy with bank sustainability and innovation culture with bank sustainability. The novelty of this research lies in the use of militancy and innovation culture as intervening variables in the correlation between transglobal leadership and bank sustainability. The militancy variable is the new variable to be checked.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1047-1056
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• 2021

The study aims to analyze the performance-prove goal orientation and organizational culture on employee work performance of performance appraisal by placing employee work motivation as an interning variable. The study was conducted on a quota sample basis with 134 employees and staff in educational institutions under the auspices of Islamic educational institutions in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. Analysis through structural equation modeling (SEM) was done, and results were obtined which showed that there is an influence of institutional culture on employee motivation and that there is an effect of employee motivation on performance appraisal. However, the statistical output showed that there is no significant effect of performance-prove goal orientation on employee motivation. In testing the mediating effect, the results showed the significant influence of employee motivation in bridging the relationship between organizational culture on performance appraisal, and performance-proven goals and performance appraisal. The theoretical contributions of the findings were in its examination of performance-prove goal orientation with motivational encouragement in educational institutions to analyze the extent to which an individual's self-confidence was able to integrate patterns in distinguishing the approach used, how to use, and the response to a specific situation of directing toward organizational achievement.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2010

Twelve fungal isolates out of 123 isolates obtained from cysts and soils of potato cyst nematode (PCN)-infested fields in Central Java, Indonesia had parasitic abilities of over 50% on PCN eggs or females (cysts) in vitro pathogenicity tests. Cultural and morphological characters and DNA sequences of ribosomal genes in ITS region revealed that they were four isolates of Gliocladium (Trichoderma) virens, three isolates of Fusarium oxysporum, one of F. lateritium, one of Penicillium tritinum and two of Taralomyces spp. A hundred percent infections occurred in eggs or cysts by three fungal isolates G. virens, F. oxysporum and P. oxalicum, suggesting that these fungi may have a good potential for the PCN biocontrol. Especially, G. virens isolates, which occurred most frequently in the PCN-infested potato fields and are known to be highly adaptable to varying habitats, may be developed as reliable agents for controlling PCN with both egg- and cyst-parasitic capabilities and with high ecological adaptabilities.