• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.103 no.2
• /
• pp.248-257
• /
• 2014

The objectives of this study were to identify the root plate dimension of wind-uprooted trees and to analyze the relationship among wind direction, aboveground and belowground properties of the trees. The root plates of 77 Japanese larches (Larix kaempferi) and 24 Korean pines (Pinus koraiensis), which were uprooted by a typhoon in 2012, in the Taehwa Experimental Forest of Seoul National University, Korea, were investigated. The results showed the root plate shape could be assumed to be an oval or a circle in above view, and half an ellipse in side view, respectively. Also, the number and surface area of individual roots in root plates were greater in uprooting direction than in non-uprooting direction. The results of correlation analyses between aboveground and belowground properties indicated DBH had more significant correlation with belowground properties than tree height. Finally, simple linear relationships were derived for significantly correlated tree aboveground and belowground properties.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.5
• /
• pp.345-357
• /
• 2023

The present study conducted a stem analysis to trace growth information of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and predict the future changes in growth volume. For this purpose, six L. kaempferi trees over 47 years old were cut at 1-2 m intervals from a height of 0.2 m, and circular plates of 5 cm thickness were collected for stem analysis. The analysis indicated that approximately 1-8 years are required to grow up to chest height. The annual height and diameter growth increased rapidly until the trees are 15 years old and gradually decreased after 20 years. The volume of 30-year-old trees in Oegam-ri forests, which were well-managed after artificial reforestation, was 0.4837 m³, whereas that in unmanaged Singi-ri forests was 0.1956 m³. Although the volume of individual trees differed greatly depending on the forest management status, it was found that the volume increased by 1.67-1.76, 2.49, and 3.49 times at 40, 50, and 60 years age, respectively, compared to the legal harvesting age 30. Therefore, factors such as the carbon dioxide reduction effect, forest management benefits, and the condition of trees at the site should be considered before harvesting trees.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.109 no.2
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to compare the organic carbon stocks of Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa stands established under a similar-site environmental condition in South Korea. C. japonica and C. obtusa stands adjacent to each other from 13 representative regions were chosen to evaluate the carbon stocks of tree biomass, forest floor, and mineral soils. Mean stand ages were 45 years for C. japonica and 43 years for C. obtusa, respectively. Tree density was significantly lower in C. japonica (989 tree ha^-1) than in C. obtusa (1,223 tree ha^-1) stands, whereas diameter at breast height and dominant tree height values were significantly higher in C. japonica (27.4 cm and 20.4 m, respectively), compared with C. obtusa (23.9 cm and 17.9 m, respectively) stands. The total carbon stocks of tree biomass were linearly related with stand basal area (C. japonica: r² = 0.82; C. obtusa: r²= 0.92; P< 0.05), whereas stand density and site index were not correlated with the carbon stocks of tree biomass (P > 0.05). The carbon stocks of aboveground tree biomass were significantly higher in C. obtusa (117.7 Mg C ha^-1), compared with C. japonica (95.5 Mg C ha^-1) stands, whereas carbon concentration and stocks of the forest floor and mineral soil layers were insignificantly different between the C. japonica and C. obtusa stands. The results indicated that trees in C. obtusa stands sequestrated more carbon dioxide, compared with C. japonica stands, whereas carbon stocks in the forest floor and mineral soil layers were unaffected by stand development processes of the different tree species.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.959-966
• /
• 2015

A natural monument is designated and protected as a natural or natural/cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its aesthetic qualities or cultural significance. However, in recent years, a natural monument plays a role in satisfying the cultural desire of people. For this reason, the main purpose of this study was to investigate public awareness of natural monuments and to evaluate the attitudes towards nature the visitors to Naejang national park displayed. This study also examined the differences in visitors' level of attitudes towards nature according to their awareness of natural monuments. Population of Macropodous Daphniphyllum (Natural Monument No. 91) and Forest of Japanese Torreyas at Baegyangsa Temple, Jangseong (Natural Monument No. 153) are present in large numbers in Naejang national park. For the research, 240 Naejang national park visitors were surveyed to collect data. Results of this study indicated that fewer than 50% of visitors displayed an appropriate awareness of natural monuments. There were also significant differences in attitudes towards nature according to visitors' awareness of natural monuments. In particular, visitors' awareness of the population of Macropodous Daphniphyllum was relatively lower when compared to that on Forest of Japanese Torreyas at Baegyangsa Temple. In addition, visitors who had a high level of awareness about natural monuments and thought that natural monuments had high cultural value displayed more positive attitudes than those who didn't have good levels of awareness. Based on these findings, this study suggests policy changes to establish development plans of the natural monuments in this area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.23 no.4_2
• /
• pp.593-601
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to analyze the physical strain with heart rate monitor in timber harvesting operations in order to reduce occupational accidents. The timber harvesting activities are manual cutting(felling, limbing and bucking) with a chainsaw and extraction by cable yarder. The study took place on Japanese larch stand. The average height was 26m and average diameter at breast height(DBH) was 3 7cm. The havest unit was gentle slope to steep slope. Results showed that the heart rate increases for chocking, felling, limbing and bucking were 94.0%, 87.9%, 84.8% and 56.4% respectively. The rate of Work Load Index was higher in the limbing(61.4%) activity than other activities chocking(55.2%), felling(54.1%) and bucking(32.1%). During 50% working heart rate test it was found that limbing(1.09), chocking(1.05) and felling(1.04) was exposed to high work intensity compared to bucking(0.83). The results showed that maximum acceptable work times(felling, chocking and limbing) were 2.30 hour, 1.85 hour and 1.60 hour respectively. To avoid occupational accidents, timber harvest workers may use a suitable working hour schedule to felling, chocking, limbing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.104 no.4
• /
• pp.536-542
• /
• 2015

This study was examined for the growth response of tree diameter and volume to thinning treatments from different thinning intensities using three long-term thinning trials for Japanese Evergreen Oak (Quercus acuta Thunb.) stands in Wando island, Korea. After thinning in 1999, annual tree growth of diameter and volume was highest in heavy thinned stands for individual tree and this growth pattern of thinning response showed similar tendency to the individual tree growth response in light thinned stands. By increasing diameter growth, the value of H/D ratio (HDR) as an indicator of stem form was properly decreased and improved up to 80%. Although there is significant growth response of basal area in both heavily and lightly thinned stands, the growth potential both of heavily and lightly thinned stands in total stand volume is not likely to reach at the level of unthinned stands because of basal area growth loss associated with both light and heavy thinnings.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.157-171
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics and effects of the forest therapy programs for adult patients. Methods: Six databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, CiNii, PsychoInFO, AGRICOL, EMBASE) and six domestic databases were systematically searched with language restrictions of Korean, English, and Japanese. The systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) flow diagram. Results: Twenty five studies met the inclusion criteria. A systematic review identified adult patients classified as 1) disease of the circulatory system, 2) mental and behavioral disorders, 3) malignant neoplasms, 4) etc. (diabetes mellitus, chronic pain). This integrative review showed a positive effect of the forest therapy program for adult patients on physiological indices such as blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, level of stress hormone, and natural killer cells as well as social·psychological indices such as the Profile of Mood States (POMS), anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Conclusion: The results of this study could be useful key principles in developing and applying the forest therapy programs in nursing intervention. Further research should be conducted to develop the forest therapy programs suitable for each patient group and measure its effectiveness.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.122-132
• /
• 2021

The reexamination of the fungal genus Botryosphaeria on 12 plant species of 10 families was carried out based on molecular phylogenetic analyses using the regions of translation elongation factor 1-α, β-tubulin, DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit, and internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA and morphological characteristics. Japanese isolates were divided into five clades and include Botryosphaeria dothidea, B. qingyuanensis, B. sinensis, and Botryosphaeria spp. Two species, B. qingyuanensis and B. sinensis have been newly added to the Japanese mycoflora, but their host plants are not specified. Botryosphaeria tenuispora isolated from Leucothoe fontanesiana and insect galls on fruits of Aucuba japonica has been proposed as a new species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 1976

In foreign countries the national forests began to emerge when the modern body politic came into being and looked upon forests as an indispensible source of national wealth to the effect that eachnation virtually nationalized the forests to promote the public interest such as erosion prevention and water source stability. Most of the forests that are now in national ownership used to be the estates of kings and feudal lords in the Middle Ages. In Korea in national forests come into being toward the end of Yi-dynasty as an outcome of the Japanese colonial policy under which, with the purpose of exploiting the forest resources, the dense forests of large area were systematically transferred into national property to be controlled by establishing the echelon of the national forest stations. The main task of these stations was to fell lumber to no limits.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study was to date coffin woods of a grave of husband and wife, using the tree rings, which were excavated from Hoamdong, Chungju city in the central area of South Korea. The species of coffin woods was Japanese Red Pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.), one of the major conifers growing in Korea. The husband coffin was dated as A.D. 1628. Due to the absence of bark in the wife's coffin, the number of sapwood rings was estimated to obtain the cutting date. The cutting date of wife's one was estimated to be A.D. 1651${\pm}$10. The Jeogori Jacket for women, which was found in the husband coffin, indicates that the husband died earlier than the wife, as the tree-ring dates suggested.