• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.118-125
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• 2001

Most of the laws and standards relevant to technology in Korea bear a resemblance to those in Japan. Electricity was not introduced to Korea until Lighting ceremony in Kyong-Bok palace observed in 1887. Since Korea was annexed to Japan in 1910 and our public works were under Japan control we have applied Japanese laws and regulations made by Chosun government-general. Independently from Japan the power electricity accepted power plants of USA, codes of NESC, ASME / ANSI, NEMA. Our generation and distribution system takes American style while our consumer side takes Japanese style. As global trade system was transferred GATT into WTO, the harmonization of technological standards, certification construction testing in the trend of world. This paper is based on WTO / TBT agreement coming in effect after 12th, April, 1979. For Korea the distribution system has a strong resemblance to American system so that unconvertible because IEC 60364 originated from Europe while NEC originated from USA. This papers deals with the fundamental elements of electrical safety system with comparing IEC 60364 with NEC. This paper considers how engineers should apply NFPA 70(NEC) and IEC based on the comparison of NEC to IEC in relation to electrical installations.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.75-92
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• 2015

Generally, the outcomes of the historical study in some domain would be a most fundamental and basic reference for understanding the essential and core component of them. Specially in case of social science, the importance of historical research much more emphasized that would be divided into independent academic field. In Korean history including fisheries business and industry, the most remarkable historic event would be the period of Japanese colonial rule that one of the most obstacle should overcome. Though the fisheries business and industry of Korea have considerable own history, the research and study of that not so much have been performed or investigated including the period of Japanese colonial rule. Most of the existing research of fisheries history have merely focused on partial topics like 'Fishermen's Association', 'Fisheries Industry Despoliation'. And the historical study of fisheries business and industry's overall status and trend in local area except Pusan also not enough. The aims of this study are exploring the fisheries trends and status during the period of Japanese colonial rule in Tongyeong and finding out the overall major fisheries business issues that would be a better understanding the Korean fisheries industry. Achieving that Objectives, over 800 articles of media, the Japanese government-general of Korea, and other historical data were gathered, refined and analyzed. This paper focused on of major fisheries topics and issues that including overall fisheries status, trends, fisheries catches, local fisheries cooperatives and fisheries exhibition during the period of Japanese colonial rule in Tongyeong. The result of this study shows that the status of fisheries in Korea had been deteriorated for exploitation of Japanese imperialism and Japanese fisheries capitalist during that period. Though the level of Tongyeong in fisheries was very high in terms of catches ratio and population of fisherman, the distribution networks of fishermen's association was not good enough. And the Tongyeong fisheries exhibition in 1922 has positive aspects for considering both composition of organization and educational activity. Even though the results and findings would be a helpful guidelines for understanding the fisheries business trends and status under the rule of Japanese imperialism, more research and study of that should be accomplished.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.171-196
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 일제강점기 피지배 계급으로 역사 속에서 소외되어 있었던 한국인 도서관 직원들의 현황과 역할에 대해서 조사하고 그들의 활동을 재평가하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 먼저, 한국인이 근무했던 도서관과 한국인 직원현황을 조사했다. 둘째, 그들이 도서관에서 종사했던 직책과 그 성격을 살펴보았다. 셋째, 한국인 도서관 근무자들이 받은 교육에 대한 참석 실태와 도서관 관련 잡지 투고 현황을 조사했다. 현황분석 결과, 일제강점기에 한국인 도서관 직원은 총 27개 도서관에 241명이 있었던 것으로 나타났으며, 도서관 강습회에 73명, 제29회 전국도서관대회에 22명이 참석하였고, 주요 도서관 잡지 기고자도 40여 명에 달했다. 이러한 결과를 통해 이들이 해방 후, 우리나라 근대도서관 이식과정에서 일정 역할을 한 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 한일민족문제연구
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• 제33호
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• pp.67-111
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• 2017

This article aims to shed light on the wartime labor mobilization of prisoners on a large scale in/across colonial Korea and beyond during the late wartime period. More specifically, this article reveals the logic and mode of mobilization, and sorts out nationwide mobilization cases in colonial Korea. To this end, this article draws on documents and magazines published by the criminal administration of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, as well as the memoirs of prisoners and prison staff including prison administrators and prison chaplains. With the onset of the wartime system, the labor work in prisons centered on the production of military supplies. In 1943, the labor mobilization began to organize the National Protection Corps and dispatch them to remote workplaces. For example, at the requests of the military, prisoners were selected and sent to Hainan Island, while others were sent to military factories and mining fields in the northern part of the country. The authorities specified and adjusted the criteria for imprisonment based on education, physical strength, and other physical and mental conditions. Unconverted ideological offenders were excluded from the mobilization, and instead put under separate control. In preparation for mobilization, the prisoners trained in military drills, received Japanese language education, and underwent assimilation as imperial subjects through the preaching in prison. In order to induce prisoners to volunteer, a legislation system based on the shortening of the prison terms, including the parole system, was also promoted under the wartime system. As a result, prisoners were forced to work harder and faster even under the lowest of wages, poor food and poor housing conditions, and they also filled vacancies in managerial positions by serving as supervisory assistants. The reward system for them, however, did not function properly towards the end of the war, and the number of escapes and infectious outbreaks, as well as mortality rates rapidly increased under the harsh conditions.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.150-169
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• 2020

경주 남산의 불적에 대한 본격적 조사는 일제강점기 일본인 학자에 의해 시작되었다. 그래서 일제강점기 경주 남산 불적조사에 대한 연구는 오늘날 경주 남산 불적을 심도 있게 고찰하는데 빼놓을 수 없는 선행 과제라고 할 수 있다. 경주 남산의 불적조사는 1920년대부터 본격적으로 시작되어 한일병합을 전후한 초기 조사는 예비 조사 정도로 간주되어 그다지 주목을 받지 못했다. 그러나 그것은 기초 조사로 후속 조사의 발판이 되었고, 1910년대에 남산이 불적의 보고로 널리 알려지게 된 계기가 되었다는 점에서 큰 의미를 지닌다. 특히 1915년 경주에서 반출되어 경성 경복궁에서 개최된 시정 5년 기념 조선물산공진회에 출품된 삼릉계 약사여래좌상은 관람객의 눈길을 가장 끄는 미술관 중앙홀에 전시되어 세간에 불적으로서의 경주 남산을 알리는 데 큰 역할을 했다. 이 약사여래좌상은 남산 불상 중에서 가장 원상태를 잘 유지하고 있고 아름다웠기 때문에 공진회에 출품된 것으로 일반적으로 생각되어 왔다. 그러나 그 반출은 한일병합을 전후하여 구상된 석굴암 경성 이전계획과 깊은 관계를 맺으면서 진행되었다. 석굴암 경성 이전계획은 데라우치 마사타케가 중심이 되어 구상된 식민 이데올로기인 '일선동조론'과 '조선정체성론'을 바탕으로 조선왕조의 상징인 경복궁을 해체하고 그 한복판에 과거의 영광을 상징하는 석굴암을 안치시킴으로써 일본 제국에 의한 새로운 시대가 열린 것을 시각적으로 선언하려는 기획이었다. 그러나 그 구상이 무산되자 석굴암 본존불 대신에 경성으로 반출된 것이 다름 아닌 삼릉계 약사여래좌상이었다. 약사여래좌상에 대한 본격적인 조사는 1911년 세키노 다다시가 실시했으나 그 위치를 세키노에게 알린 것은 모로가 히데오나 고다이라 료조와 같은 경주 거주 일본인이었을 가능성이 크다. 그들 현지인은 총독부로부터 요청을 받아 공진회에 출품할 만한 불상을 찾고 있었을 것으로 보인다. 약사여래좌상은 총독부와 세키노 다다시, 그리고 경주 거주 일본인들 사이의 긴밀한 연계 속에서 경성으로 반출되었다고 할 수 있다. 그것은 경주 남산의 불적이 그 신비의 베일을 벗기는 과정이기도 했다. 요컨대 초기 남산 불적조사는 기초 조사로 중요한 의미를 지니고 있으나 석굴암 경성 이전계획과 1915년 공진회의 성공적 개최라는 데라우치 총독의 제국주의적 야망과 깊은 관계 속에서 진행되어 순수한 학문적 목적으로 이루어졌다고 하기 어렵다. 한편 석굴암 경성 이전계획이 좌절되고 경성으로 반출될 가능성이 컸던 미륵곡 석조여래좌상이 현지에서 보존될 수 있었던 것에는 경주 조선인의 저항이 적지 않은 영향을 미친 것으로 보인다. 본고에서는 자세히 논할 수 없었으나 그들을 단순한 방관자가 아니라 역사를 움직이는 주체로 부각시킬 연구가 요구된다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2018

The society for conservation of local historical properties in Korea originated in Japan. It was transplanted by Joseon Governor-General to represent their positions in the field of the conservations of the cultural properties. Also the society for conservation of local historic properties represented the positions of the provincial government office because the representatives of that societies were the chief of local government offices. At that time, the fundamental concept of the historical property conservations was not settled, so they accomplished the conservation activities as the necessary way for themselves.They often made a proposal about repairs for conservation of historical building and suggested a application for the national budget. And they contributed to carry out the repair works of the historical properties in the early Japanese colonial period. But they was usually used to invigorate the tourism and to publicize the regional characteristics through the historical properties. Although the societies were privately-managed as a matter of form, they were governmentally-managed as a matter of fact. It was the limits of the societies for conservation of local historical properties at that time.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2014

Purpose - The object of this paper is to ascertain how Japan has become a powerful trader in the international grain market. A case in point is the world's third largest U.S. major grain trader, Gavilon, merged with general trading company Marubeni in 2012. What are Japan's strategies and their implications? Research design, data, and methodology - The study analyzed Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries data, and data from daily and weekly papers. The paper employed various data and research methodologies. Results - The Lee Myeong-Bak government tried for three years to create a company similar to Cargill, but the project eventually failed. On the other hand, Japan has emerged as a leader in the international grain distribution market for the past 50 years, with the cooperation of government and private companies. Conclusion - The findings of this study show that Korea, China, India, and other countries' international major grain companies now compete to be powerful, major grain traders. South Korea could be the leader of the international grain market through the development of a more careful and long-term strategy.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.128-141
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• 2020

이 논문은 조선총독부의 고적조사와 일련의 사업을 통해 한국에 미술공예 개념이 수용된 과정과 그 과정에서 성립된 공예의 전통과 캐논에 대해 고찰한 글이다. 「고적 및 유물 보존규칙」과 「조선보물·고적·명승·천연기념물 보존령」의 제정을 통해 법률상으로 제시된 공예는, 조형물을 만들어낸 정교하고 뛰어난 기술, 더 나아가 회화, 조각과 같은 미술의 한 장르를 의미했다. 이왕가박물관과 총독부박물관은 미술공예라는 용어를 대중에 확산시키는 역할을 했고, 여기에 전시된 공예는 과거의 전통을 시각적으로 구체화하였다. 이와 같이 공예라는 용어는 고미술을 가리킬 때 빈번히 사용되었고, 구체적으로는 법률상의 보물로 지정되거나 박물관에 전시되어 지키고 보존해야 할 전통이 되었다. 공예의 전통과 캐논이 성립되자 당대에 제작되는 공예에 큰 영향력을 행사했다. 이 일련의 과정에는 일본의 문화 정책과 제국적 취향이 절대적으로 작용했다. 일반적으로 근대기에 성립된 공예 개념은 산업으로서의 공예와 미술로서의 공예, 두 가지로 구분되어 왔으나, 미술로서의 공예라는 개념 안에도 여러 층위가 존재했다. 캐논이 된 고미술은 동시대 제작의 준거가 되었으며, 실제로는 동시대에 제작되던 공예의 양상도 모두 같지 않았다. 이제까지 일괄적으로 논의되던 미술공예 개념을 세분화하는 작업이 공예에 있어서 '만들어진 전통'과 근대기 공예계의 양상을 정확히 파악하기 위한 기초가 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2022

Sakae Miki, a Japanese medical historian, was a leading figure in the study of medical history in the Korean Peninsula due to his three representative books, Bibliography of Korean medicine, ancient and mediaeval(朝鮮醫書誌), The History of Korean medicine and of diseases in Korea(朝鮮醫學史及疾病史), and A Chronological table of Korean medicine(朝鮮醫事年表). After graduating from Kyushu Imperial University's Faculty of Medicine in 1927, he moved to Seoul (then called Keijo) the following year and lived in colonial Korea until 1944. As a doctor and bureaucrat working for the Government-General of Chosen in colonial Korea, this study focused on his career activities. It was in 1928 when he entered Keijo Imperial University's Faculty of Medicine where he participated in experimental research under the supervision of Professor Shinosaki, who was the chief of the third Institute of Medicine. It was discovered that he received his doctorate in medicine from Kyushu Imperial University in August 1932. In 1933, he became an assistant professor of Keijo Imperial University and started working at the Keijo Prefectural Resident Hospital until 1935. In August 1935, he was appointed as the director of Suigen Provincial Hospital where he served until 1944. While actively practicing medicine in colonial Korea, he spent his spare time researching Korean medical history, which he used for the basis of his later publications.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제9권
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• pp.63-83
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• 1982

Among many open libraries under the rule of the Japanese imperialism, only the railroad library as the character of special library under the control of the Japanese Government General is remarkable for having opened its facilities to outsiders as well as the interior users. This study tries a) To look into what were the colonial background, aim and motive of the establishment of the railroad library under the Japanese rule, b) To analyze its activities and the change of its organization, c) And to find out its vestiges an the effects which it has on our country's library circles. The following are the result: A. The railroad library under the rule of the Japanese imperialism functioned as a public library by the outside book's circulation rather than the interior using. B. The outsiders were qualified to use it only when they got the joint guarantee for the city resident, which means that the o n.0, pportunity of the circulation was not free for the Koreans rather than the Japanese. C. From the aspect of collections, technical books such as natural science, and reference ones tended to be collected, and their whole composition was focused on the materials for the Japan-Korea identification scheme and development of the national spirit as the Japanese empire's subjects. D. In the respect of its organization, all the clerical employees, as well as the chief librarian were composed of the Japanese. Although the Koreans were in principle prohibited from working there, a few of them were employed as guard or servant as the China-Japan War was close to the end. E. The area of the outside book's, circulation service was expanded throughout the whole region along the railroad connecting Pusan with Manchuria. Such a service activity which contained several meanings, was tried by means of culture's books, circuit's books, train's books, hotel's books, mind's development books and reader's reading books etc. F. Such matters as the limitation on book circulating and the quantity of circulation book, the paid circulation and the partial restriction on free circulation mean the wartime system under the rule of the Japanese imperialism and also a n.0, ppeared as a factor of hampering the Koreans from getting accustomed to using library, which has affected them until now. G. The noticeable thing in the service activity is shown in attempting the diversified and positive way of service like free circulation in order to solidify the attitude of the Koreans toward war by organizing mind's development books as well as culture's books with the China-Japan War. H. On the other hand, it can not be passed over that the diversified service activity of the railroad library played a role of bridge in turning of today's library circles of ours to the modernization.