• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.41-53
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• 2017

This study focuses on the current state of Smart Grid policy in Japan and its problems while the interest in Smart Grid has been increasing since the March 2011 earthquake in East Japan. As a result of the analysis, Japan introduced the fixed price buying system of new and renewable energy in response to the power supply and demand problem caused by the 2011 earthquake in East Japan, and established a decentralized green electricity trading market in which electricity generated from new and renewable energy is traded Smart Grid-related projects were implemented as a solution to solve energy crisis and environmental problems at the same time. As a result, we achieved visible results such as suppressing peak power, reducing CO2 emissions, and securing stable supply and demand of energy using renewable energy sources. On the other hand, the improvement of current Smart Grid policy operation in Japan and the introduction of stabilization system of power system, promotion of international standards of domestic technology related to smart grid, and support for strengthening security of smart grid.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.3-12
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• 2013

It is necessary to manage risk of metals which are has rigid supply structures and expected demand expansion, considering to industry structure and resource securing capacity of each country. Countries conducted various criticality analyses and selected mainly rare metals as critical materials(or Critical metals or Critical raw materials). This study examined cases of metals risk evaluation and management which are based on technology changes and imbalance supply-demand. EU and U.S.A evaluated risk on metals needed as supply expansion of renewable energy. Japan forecasted demand of rare metals needed in Japan's growth engine industry. U.K analyzed criticality of metals, considering environmental burden occurred from mining to refining. Critical materials has features such as weak price signal, inelastic supply structure, demand volatility in technology change.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.787-813
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• 2009

Because of global warming, the thawing of the Arctic ice cap is slowly accelerating. That is the hot issue nowadays. According to the each country's climate change policy, it is boom in the world to lessen the consuming of the fossil fuel those are oil, coal and natural gas. But on the contrary the thawing of the Arctic ice cap is the chance to make the natural gas producing unit cost lower. The purpose of this paper is to search the Arctic policy of each country under the contradictory relationship between promoting the climate change policy and exploiting the natural gas on the Arctic. Specially, there are huge natural gas reserves in Russia on the Arctic region, Russia's exploiting the natural gas on the Arctic will affect on the natural gas supply-demand balance of world natural gas market strongly in the future. Therefore it needs to prepare the future energy alternative policy for Korea's energy security. Russia has Yamal Peninsular where is abundant on natural gas reserver, and she can supply natural gas by LNG ship all over the world via the Arctic route. This means that the structure of world natural gas market be changed gradually. It will be possible in 2030~2040. And such a change is very important because new natural gas trading type can do it through not only overcoming the geological restriction but also shifting the main trading type from PNG(Pipeline Natural Gas) to LNG(Liquified Natural Gas). Therefore it is necessary that we should let this be a good lesson to ourselves through the government action of other countries (China, Japan) those also have no sovereignty over the Arctic as Korea.