• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제14호
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• pp.87-124
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• 2012

This paper focuses on the social implication of new media art, which has evolved with the advance of technology. To understand the notion of human-computer interactivity in media art, it examines the meaning of "cybernetics" theory invented by Norbert Wiener just after WWII, who provided "control and communication" as central components of his theory of messages. It goes on to investigate the application of cybernetics theory onto art since the 1960s, to which Roy Ascott made a significant contribution by developing telematic art, utilizing the network of telecommunication. This paper underlines the significance of the relationship between human and machine, art and technology in transforming the work of art as a site of communication and experience. The interactivity in new media art transforms the viewer into the user of the work, who is now provided free will to make decisions on his or her action with the work. The artist is no longer a godlike figure who determines the meaning of the work, yet becomes another user of his or her own work, with which to interact. This paper believes that the interaction between man and machine, art and technology can lead to various ways of interaction between humans, thereby restoring a sense of community while liberating humans from conventional limitations on their creativity. This paper considers the development of new media art more than a mere invention of new aesthetic styles employing advanced technology. Rather, new media art provides a critical shift in subverting the modernist autonomy that advocates the medium specificity. New media art envisions a new art, which would embrace impurity into art, allowing the coexistence of autonomy and heteronomy, embracing a technological other, thereby expanding human relations. By enabling the birth of the user in experiencing the work, interactive new media art produces an open arena, in which the user can create the work while communicating with the work and other users. The user now has freedom to visit the work, to take a journey on his or her own, and to make decisions on what to choose and what to do with the work. This paper contends that there is a significant parallel between new media artists' interest in creating new experiences of the art and Jacques Ranci$\grave{e}$re's concept of the aesthetic regime of art. In his argument for eliminating hierarchy in art and for embracing impurity, Ranci$\grave{e}$re provides a vision for art, which is related to life and ultimately reshapes life. Ranci$\grave{e}$re's critique of both formalist modernism and Jean-Francois Lyotard's postmodern view underlines the social implication of new media art practices, which seek to form "the common of a community."

• 영미문화
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.83-103
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• 2013

This paper focuses on the function of suicidal images in the history of art including literature. Death has been romanticized or repoliticized into an existential act of defiance and rebellion in literary works, so questions remain about the correlation between literary suicide and the essence of suicide. Although Jacques Ranciere insists that the order of art contrasts with the order of common people whose acts and gestures can express either their specific purposes nor the rationalities of their frustration, literary suicide reflects the outside life of readers. In fact, images of suicide produces the order of things about the real world. William Shakespeare's Hamlet handled two oppositional self-murder significantly. As Ron M. Brown pointed out, Hamlet, by choosing confrontation, seeks out an end which is voluntary, thus he avoids self-destruction and feels triumph of heroic fashion. Ophelia's self-chosen death stems from loss, frailty and the disintegration of reason, which demeans the act and diminishes her from the tragic to the pathetic(16). In the $19^{th}$ century, the resurrection of Ophelia acted as the context for later periods where life itself is fictionalized from the differing periods of network of signifier and texts. Finally, in Ophelia's case, fiction became life(Brown 285). Her suicidal image was fixed in the Victorian Culture whose visual discourse was strikingly similar to that of the men. Likewise, the ambiguities of the suicide became intertwined with the social, cultural issues of a certain period, and the paradigm of suicide was conformed to the changing needs of successive generations. However, if literary art understands that a European culture grappled with the almost impossible task and coming to terms with this strangest and most persistent of phenomena, it will be able to focus on of the multi-layered suicide by recognizing the inherent instability of the verbal sign which cannot reveal the design and grammar of truth.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.163-177
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• 2019

본 논문은 포스트모던 연극/예술의 한계를 너머 새로운 글쓰기로서 '픽션'을 고찰하고자 한다. 이 픽션은 관객들이 감정이입해야만 하는 환영적인 것이 아니라, 내용에 대한 형식의 무관심을 드러낸다. 이 픽션은 그래서 재현적 규범에 반대하며 말의 오래된 미메시스에 반대한다. 또한, 포스트모던 예술의 위기, 이미지의 종언에 대해 반박하면서 철학자 자크 랑시에르는, 플라톤적 미메시스를 비틀어, 모방적 방식에 의해 유사성의 차용 가능함을 언급한다. 이 유사성을 차용한 이미지는, 그래서 내용에 대한 형식의 무관심을 드러내면서 의미작용의 상실과 함께 방황한다. 이 방황하는 말들은 마치 상형문자처럼, "화석들 또는 홈패인 돌들에 씌어진 역사를 담고있는 방식으로" 자신의 진리를 표현하는 것이다. 따라서 대안없는 해체라고 비판받은 포스트모던 연극의 대안으로서 새로이 소환되는 '픽션'은 현실에 대립하는 것이 아니라, 현실로서 '어떤 실재성'을 형성하는 방식으로 인간정신의 방식 자체를 유희하게 하는 것을 허용하는 "사유의 움직임"이다. 이러한 관점에서, 본 연구는 산출하는 것과 산출되는 것 사이의 무매개적 관계를 위해 단순히 직접적인 반영을 해고하는 유사성을 차용하는 글쓰기를 행하는 두 작가, 조엘 폼므라와 장-끌로드 그룸베르그의 작품들을 살펴본다. 이들의 글쓰기는 기존의 픽션이 가지고 있었던 개념을 벗어나 새로운 미학적 글쓰기로서, 문학적 창작과 정치적인 것이 교차되어있는 방식일 뿐 아니라 사유의 움직임을 드러낸다.