• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.267-273
• /
• 2022

Surface texturing is the latest technology for processing grooves or dimples on the friction surface of a machine. When appropriately applied, it can reduce friction and significantly increase durability. Despite many studies over the past 20 years, most are isothermal (ISO) analyses in which the viscosity of the lubricant is constant. In practice, the viscosity changes significantly owing to the heat generated by the viscous shear of the lubricant and film-temperature boundary condition (FTBC). Although many thermohydrodynamic (THD) analyses have been performed on various sliding bearings, only few results for surface-textured bearings have been reported. This study investigates the effects of the FTBC and groove number on the THD lubrication characteristics of a surface-textured parallel thrust bearing with multiple rectangular grooves. The continuity, Navier-Stokes, and energy equations with temperature-viscosity-density relations are numerically analyzed using a commercial computational fluid dynamics code, FLUENT. The results show the pressure and temperature distributions, variations of load-carrying capacity (LCC), and friction force with four FTBCs. The FTBCs greatly influence the lubrication characteristics of surface-textured parallel thrust bearings. A groove number that maximizes the LCC exists, which depends on the FTBC. ISO analysis overestimates the LCC but underestimates friction reduction. Additional analysis of various temperature boundary conditions is required for practical applications.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 전열포의 플라즈마 발생장치에서 외부회로로부터 가해지는 펄스형 전기에너지에 의한 플라즈마 발생현상을 대상으로 영차원적 모델링 및 전산해석을 수행하였다. 전극 사이의 보어 내 플라즈마의 균일 온도 가정을 채용하여 질량 및 에너지 방정식을 간소화하였으며, 보어 및 전극 표면 상의 용발 모델 및 플라즈마 물성치 계산모델과 연계하였다. 해석결과는 1차원적 해석모델과 비교하여 상당히 일치함을 보여 영차원적 해석결과의 유효성을 확인할 수 있다.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.107-117
• /
• 2000

Prediction of the product shape in sheet casting process is performed from the numerical simulation. A three-dimensional finite element method is used to investigate the flow behavior and to examine the effects of processing conditions on the sheet produced. Effects of inertia, gravity, surface tension and non-Newtonian viscosity on the thickness profile of the sheet are considered since the edge bead and the flow patterns in the chill roll region have great influence on the quality of the products. In the numerical simulation with free surface flows, the spine method is adopted to update the free surface, and the force-free boundary condition is imposed along the take-up plane to avoid severe singularity problems existing at the take-up plane. From the numerical results of steady isothermal flows of a generalized Newtonian fluid, it is shown that the draw ratio plays a major role in predicting the shape of the final sheet produced and the surface tension has considerable effect on the bead thickness ratio and the bead width fraction, while shear-thinning and/or tension-thickening viscosity affect the degree of neck-in.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
• /
• pp.251-253
• /
• 2003

Landsat images were globally used to monitoring the Earth's. But it is not positively applied to a field of environment such as coastal environment, heat island effect and drought condition and so on. Until recently, Information about a ecology natural environment came to do by direct investigation. But Information about a ecology·natural environment of wide area were quickly getting possible with the progress of remote sensing technique. Specially, the up-to-date characteristic information about an ecology·natural environment as the basic intelligence for a country development activity are very important. So, it applies the satellite images that the periodic observation of data is possible. In this study, We planned the function which is possible helping the renewal of an ecology·natural environmental information using Landsat imagery. Also planned the DB suitable for these purpose. For application of thermal infrared band images we developed the function that extracts an isothermal line. It used the thermal infrared band images and it grasped a temperature distribution. The result is useful in analysis of the city heat island effectiveness.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제18권11호
• /
• pp.2860-2870
• /
• 1994

When crack are detected in aged turbine rotors of power plants, information on fracture resistance of the aged material at operating temperature is needed for determination of critical loading condition and residual life of the turbine. In this study, fracture toughness (J$_lc$) and tearing modulus(T$_mat$) of virgin and thermally degraded 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel, which is one of the most widely used rotor steels, were measured at 538.deg. C according to ASTM E813 and ASTM E1152, respectively. Five kinds of specimen with different degradation levels were prepared by isothermal aging heat treatment at $630^{\circ}C.$ It was observed that J$_lc$ and T$_mat$ value decreased as the degradation level increased. Analysis of microstructures using a scanning electron microscope showed that the decrement of J$_lc$ is related to segregation of impurities at grain boundaries. It was also verified that the DC electric potential drop method is accurate and reliable for crack length monitoring at elevated temperature.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.866-871
• /
• 2007

Testis-specific protein (TSPY) is a Y-specific gene, with up to 200 copy numbers in bulls. In order to make bovine embryo sexing under farm condition more feasible, the possibility of using a non-electrophoretic method to detect the TSPY gene for sexing bovine early embryos was examined. Primers were designed to amplify a portion of the TSPY gene and a common gene as an internal control primer. PCR optimization was carried out using a DNA template from bovine whole blood. Furthermore, embryo samples were diagnosed by this method and the sexing results were contrasted with those of the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method. The results showed that TSPY was as reliable a sexing method as LAMP. Forty-three morula and blastocyst embryos collected from superovulated donor dairy cattle were sexed by this method, and twenty-one embryos judged to be female embryos were transferred non-surgically to recipients 6 to 8 days after natural estrus. Out of 21 recipients, 9 were pregnant (42.86%) and all delivered female calves. The results showed that the sex predicted by this protocol was 100% accurate. In conclusion, the TSPY gene was a good male specific marker and indicated that a non-electrophoretic method was feasible and accurate to detect the TSPY gene for sexing preimplantation bovine embryos.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 1989

기포 혼합 유체 내에서의 압력파의 전파 현상을 수치해석으로 연구한다. 혼합 유체 영역을 지배하는 지배 방정식을 heuristic 한 방법으로 유도하고 기포 내부 영역에는 열전달 효과를 고려할 수 있도록 에너지 방정식을 도입한다. 기포 내부의 비등온 조건은 특히 기포가 고진폭을 가지고 진동할 때 매우 중요하다. 기포 역학 방정식으로서 Keller 방정식이 채택, 변형되어 기포 외부와 내부의 coupling을 맺어준다. 실제 문제로서 충격관내 충격파의 전파 현상을 수치해석 방법으로 해석한 결과가 Noordzij 및 van Wijngaarden 의 실험 결과와 거의 일치한다. 그러나 그들에 의해 설명된 충격파 구조의 변화 원인은 가스와 액체 간의 상대 운동인데 이는 본 모델에서 고려되지 않았기 때문에 가스와 액체 간의 열전달에 의해 충격파의 구조가 변화된다고 보는 것이 타당하다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.510-516
• /
• 2011

In the present study, potassium and caesium doped Ag/$Al_2O_3$ catalysts were synthesized by simple wet impregnation method and evaluated for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx using methane. TEM analysis and diffraction patterns demonstrated the finely dispersed Ag particles. BET surface measurements reveal that the prepared materials have moderate to high surface area and the metal amount found from ICP analysis was well matching with the theoretical loadings. The synthesized K-Ag/$Al_2O_3$ and Cs-Ag/$Al_2O_3$ catalysts exhibited a promotional effect on deNOx activity in the presence of $SO_2$ and $H_2O$. The long-term isothermal studies at $550^{\circ}C$ under oxygen rich condition showed the superior catalytic properties of the both alkali promoted samples. The crucial catalytic properties of materials are attributed to NO adsorption properties detected by the NO TPD.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2014

2성분 응고계에서 다공성 mush 층에서의 조성 대류는 생성되는 제품의 질에 영향을 준다. 본 연구에서는 일정한 속도로 응고되는 mush 층을 고려하였다. 선형 안정성 이론을 사용하여 mush 층에 대한 교란방정식을 유도하였고, 기본상태 온도장과 mush 층에서 기공률의 분포를 수치해법으로 조사하였다. 과열량이 클 때 mush 층의 두께는 열경계층의 두께에 비해 상대적으로 작았다. 과열량이 감소함에 따라 mush 층의 두께를 기준으로 한 Rayleigh 수는 증가하였고, mush 층은 조성 대류에 대해 안정해졌다. mush 층의 윗면에 등온조건을 적용한 경우보다 온도 및 열속의 연속조건을 액체-mush 계면에 적용한 경우에 임계 Rayleigh 수가 더 작게 얻어졌다.

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 1999

AFC 단전지에서 운전조건의 영향은 이제까지 자세히 연구된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 초기 전해질 농도와 가스 운전압력의 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 1차원 등온 모델을 이용해 전산모사를 수행하였다. 결과에 의하면, base-case에서 최적 전해질 농도는 $3.0\~3.5M$사이에 있는 것으로 발견되었다. 전해질 농도에 따른 전지 성능의 변화는 주로 양쪽 전극의 전하전달 저항과 용해된 기체의 헨리상수 및 액상확산이 원인인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한, 운전 압력의 증가는 반응속도와 가스의 용해도를 증가시켰으며, 이것으로 인해 전지 성능이 상당히 향상되는 것으로 조사되었다